Ap Us History Vocabs For Chpt.8

Front 1

Era of Good Feelings

Back 1

During Monroe's first few years in presidency.Marked by a spirit of nationalism, optimism, and goodwill.(1816-1819)

Front 2

Sectionalism

Back 2

Loyalty to a particular region.

Front 3

James Monroe

Back 3

Became the United States fifth president.

Front 4

Tariff of 1816

Back 4

Congress established the first protective tariff in U.S. history.

Front 5

Protective tariff

Back 5

Congress raised the tariff rates on certain goods for the express purpose of protecting U.S manufacturers from ruin.

Front 6

Henry Clay; American System

Back 6

He was a leader in the House of Representatives who proposed a method for advancing the nation's economic growth called the American System.1) protective tariff 2) A national bank 3) internal improvements

Front 7

Second Bank of the United States

Back 7

In 1816 Congress chartered a Second Bank of the United States proposed by Henry Clay which is meant to provide a national currency.

Front 8

Panic of 1819

Back 8

First major financial crisis in the United States,[1] and had occurred during the political calm of the Era of Good Feelings.

Front 9

John Marshall

Back 9

Fourth Chief Justice of the United States, appointed in 1801 by President John Adams.Decisions favored the central government and the rights of property against the advocates of states' rights.

Front 10

Fletcher v. Peck

Back 10

Case involving land fraud in Georgia in which Marshall said that a state could not pass legislation invalidating a contract. First time the Supreme Court declared a state law unconstitutional and invalid.

Front 11

Nationalism: cultural, economic

Back 11

Show pride in one's nation and its interest.Economic Nationalism is to show interest, support, and growth of one's nation's economy.

Front 12

McCulloch v.Maryland

Back 12

Maryland tried to collect from the Second Bank of the United States using a loose interpretation of the constitution, Marshall ruled that the federal government had the implied powers to create the bank .A state could not tax a federal institution because "the power to tax is the power to destroy" and federal laws are supreme over state laws.

Front 13

Dartmouth College v. Woodward

Back 13

A law of New Hampshire changed Dartmouth college from a privately chartered college into a public institution. Marshall declared it unconstitutional, a contract for a private corporation could not be altered by the state.

Front 14

Implied powers

Back 14

Allows Congress to exercise authority that is implied by the Articles of Confederation.

Front 15

Gibbsons v. Ogden

Back 15

Marshall ruled that New York monopoly was unconstitutional which established the federal government's broad control of interstate commerce.

Front 16

Tallmadge Amendment

Back 16

James Tallmadge a representative from new York, debate about the Missouri question by proposing an Amendment to the bill for Missouri's admission into statehood. This amendment would have led to the gradual elimination of slavery in Missouri.

Front 17

Missouri Compromise (1820)

Back 17

Missouri entered the union as a slave holding state and Maine as free state.Louisiana territory north of latitude 36 degrees and 30' , slavery was prohibited.

Front 18

Stephen Decatur

Back 18

Led a fleet in 1815 to force the rulers of North Africa to allow American shipping the free use of the Mediterranean.

Front 19

Rush-Bagot Agreement (1817)

Back 19

Strictly limited naval armament on the Great Lakes.

Front 20

Treaty of 1818

Back 20

It resolved standing boundary issues between the two nations, and allowed for joint occupation and settlement of the Oregon Country.

Front 21

Andrew Jackson

Back 21

A veteran of the Revolutionary War and the War of 1812. He led a force of militiamen into Florida, destroyed Seminole villages and hanged two Seminole chiefs.

Front 22

Florida Purchase Treaty (1819)

Back 22

Settled long‐standing disputes between the United States and Spain.Madrid ceded East Florida to the Americans, while Washington surrendered its claims to Texas and agreed to assume payment of American financial claims against the Spanish up to $5 million.

Front 23

Monroe Doctrine

Back 23

U.S. foreign-policy statement first enunciated by Pres. James Monroe on Dec. 2, 1823, declaring the Western Hemisphere off-limits to European colonization.

Front 24

Lancaster Turnpike

Back 24

Built in the 1790s connected Philadelphia with the rich farmlands around Lancaster.

Front 25

National (Cumberland) Road

Back 25

Only exception of support from federal and state money for internal improvement. A paved highway and major route to the West extending more than a thousand miles from Maryland to Illinois.(1811-1850)

Front 26

Erie Canal

Back 26

Built in New York in 1825, it linked the economies of western farms and eastern cities.

Front 27

Robert Fulton; steamboats

Back 27

Built the first steamboat in 1807 which had a successful voyage up the Hudson river of the Clermont.

Front 28

Railroads

Back 28

First built in the late 1820s.By 1830s it was competing with canals as an alternative method for carrying passengers and freights.

Front 29

Eli Whitney; changeable parts

Back 29

Famous American inventor who devised a system for making rifles out of interchangeable parts.

Front 30

Corporations

Back 30

A body created for purposes of government.Risk only the amount of money that they invested in a venture.(Selling shares of stocks).

Front 31

Samuel Slater

Back 31

Emigrant from England who took with him the British secrets for building cotton-spinning machines. He helped to established the first U.S. factory in 1791.

Front 32

Factory System

Back 32

A concentration of the processes of manufacturing—fixed capital, raw material, and labor—under one roof, in order to provide the mass production of a standardized product or products.

Front 33

Lowell System; textile mills

Back 33

A method of factory management that evolved in the textile mills of Lowell, Massachusetts, owned by the Boston Manufacturing Company.

Front 34

Industrialization

Back 34

Process of converting to a socioeconomic order in which industry is dominant.

Front 35

Specialization

Back 35

Adaptation to a specific function.

Front 36

Cotton gin

Back 36

Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin in 1793 which transformed the agricultural region of the South.

Front 37

Market Revolution

Back 37

Interdependence among people. Farmers fed workers, workers in turn provided farm families with mass produced goods.

Front 38

Union

Back 38

The act of uniting or the state of being united. (organization)