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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Washington's Cabinet
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WASHINGTON = FEDERALIST
Secretary of State- (foreign affairs) Jefferson > Antifed Secretary of the Treasury- Hamilton Secretary of War- Henry Knox |
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Hamilton's Financial Ideals
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No one will talke US seriously until war debts are paid off
> Wants to fulfill Gov. savings bonds >Feds- Yes : Antifeds- No >Hamilton & Jefferson Disagree >COMPROMISE: Government assumes state debts BUT capital is moved to Washington DC |
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First Political Parties
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HAMILTONIANS & JEFFERSONIANS
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Hamiltonians- BELIEFS
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FEDERALISTS
Strong central government Ruled by aristocracy Business LOOSE interpretation of the constitution England's way Abolition PRO- Federal Army |
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Jeffersonians- BELIEFS
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DEMOCRATIC REPUBLICANS
Weak central government, power to states Ruled by commoners/ educated Agriculture STRICT interpretation of the constitution France's way Slavery ANTI- Standing Army |
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Hamilton's Financial Plan
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Milions of dollars in debt
-- Excise Revenue (Luxury Tax) on whiskey to pay off debts |
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Whiskey Rebellion
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-High Whiskey taxes enrage frontiersman in the West
-Moonshine: Illegal liquor -WHISKEY REBELLION: 1794 Quelled by Federal Army |
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Hamilton's Bank of the US
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South opposes
-> Hamilton sponsors it anyway Constitutional because of ELASTIC CLAUSE Jefferson: Support of the B.U.S is TREASON |
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George Washington- Foreign Policy
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Isolation
NEUTRALITY ACT (1793)- made after France attempts to make an alliance. Stay out of BRITAIN AND FRANCE SOAP OPERA |
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Jay Treaty
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John Jay- First supreme court justice.
JAY TREATY (1794) with England- Removes British troops from American Northwest. Did nothign for impressment Gave Britatin 'Most Favored Nation' Status Angered Jeffersonians |
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Impressment
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British capture people off American ships for Army.
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Pinckney Treaty
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1795
Spain threated by the ties between US, Britatin & France created by JAY TREATY --> gives the US free navigation of the Mississipi River and right to trade at New Orleans |
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George Washington's Farewell Address- 1776
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Neutrality/ Noninvolvement
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Election of 1796
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Jefferson (dem.) vs. Adams (fed)
Adams wins by a small margin. Jefferson becomes vice president. |
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The Adams Administration: Years
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1797-1801
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XYZ Affair
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French- angered by Jay Treaty
insult US envoys by charging to see French officials John Marshall goes to France John Adams refuses |
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Undeclared War
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Under Adams
Hamilton is put in charge of war Jefferson still supports France --> In favor of Citizen Genet- who plots against Great Britain |
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Alien and Sedition Acts (1798)
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Federalist paranoia of immigrants
ALIEN ACTS- President can deport whoever he wants SEDITION ACTS- Imprison those who say false or malicious statements against the government. < VIOLATE BASIC RIGHTS- Adam is acting as if the country is at war |
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The Great Race
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Federalist influence declines steadily but remains existant untiul 1798
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The Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions
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1798
Democratic Republicans DENOUNCE Federalist Administration Written by Jefferson & Madison. "States Rights Theory of Government"- State legistlatures should be able to declare laws of congress null & void |
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End of the Undeclared War
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France- Directory & Napoleon
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Washignton Dies
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Federalists lose icon
Hamilton loses support for federal Army Frees his slaves from his deathbed |
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Election of 1800
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Adams (Fed) vs. Jefferson & Burr (Dem-Rep)
Error of constitution causes Jefferson & Burr to tie, goes to House of Reps (federalist) who almost elect Burr, but JEFFERSON BECOMES PRESIDENT with certain Federalist terms. |
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Federalist terms for election of Jefferson
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-Dem Republicans can't meddle with financial systems
-Foreign policy must remain neutral -Navy would be preserved & increased -Federalists would retain positions |
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Hamilton vs. Burr
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Hamilton calls Burr 'despicable'
Burr challenges Hamilton to an "Interview" (duel) Meet in NJ Hamilton wastes shot Burr fatally shoots Hamilton |
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Cure for problem w/ Constitution that allows 2nd place candidate to become VP
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12th Ammendment-
President & vice president specified on a "ticket" on election day |
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Louisiana Purchase
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Napoleon Bonaparte no longer needs overseads empire
LOUSIANA PURCHASE (1803)US doubles in size |
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Jefferson's Hypocracy
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Originally Jefferson is Democratic Republican.
To acquire Lousiana Pruchase- needs treaty loose interpretation of constitution strong central government national bank (FEDERALIST INSTITUTIONS) |
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Louis & Clarke
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Explore Louisiana Purchase
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Pirates
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Jefferson sends gun boats to Tripoli, where British are encouraging piracy of American boats headed to French ports
Jefferson sends gun-boats |
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EMBARGO ACT
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1807
Trading with Britain OR France will cause the other to take action Prohibits Americans from exporting to foreign countries so as not to anger Britain or France Northern dissatisfaction leads to its repeal Macon's Bill #2 and Nonintercours ease restrictions |
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Election of 1808
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Madison, Democratic Republican
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War of 1812
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British impressment of American ships
America wants to colonize Canada and Florida Frustration at British restricting US from trading w/ France HAWKS pro-war DOVES anti-war |
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Hartford Convention
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Federalist convention
Anti War |
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British Burn the Capital
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1814
Dolly Madison saves the documents |
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Combat
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Francis Scott Key
The Battle of New Orleans "Old Hickory" Andrew Jackson Treaty of Ghent (1814) ends the war |
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Results of War of 1812
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Incresed Nationalism
Decreased Isolation Increased industrial manufacturing Disappearance of the Federalist Party Only 1 Part: Republicans |
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Andrew Clay
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"American System"
Make the US economically self-sufficient (by raising tariffs) |
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Elections of 1816 and 1820
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One party election
MONROE |
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Monroe Doctrine
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1823
If countries try to colonize America, we will fight them. Teams up with England to ensure no countries will colonize because US is to weak to defend itsself. |
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Judiciary Act of 1789
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Gives the supreme court power to issue a writ of mandamus- court order
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Marbury vs Madison
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Marbury, appt'd at the end of Adams (fed) administration, wants Marshall to issue a writ of Mandamus forcing Jefferson (dem-rep) to give him commission.
RULING: Judiciary Act of 1789 contradicts part of constitution that defines what cases can go to supreme court. STRIKES DOWN the act, implicating the concept of JUDICIAL REVIEW |
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McCullough v. Maryland
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Marshall rules that a national bank branch can't be taxed by Maryland.
Reaffirms impied powers that created the bank. |
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Order of first 5 US Presidents
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Washington
Adams Jefferson Madison Monroe |
