Ap Us History

Front 1

Roger Williams is best known in American history as?:
advocating the uniting of church and state into a theocracy.
an early champion of religious freedom.
the chief justice at the Salem witch trials.
the founder of New Hampshire.
the first royal governor of Massachusetts.

Back 1

an early champion of religious freedom.

Front 2

Seventeenth-century New England and the West Indies?:
were interdependent because the sugar islands could not feed themselves or supply their own lumber, and New England relied on the Caribbean to purchase its surpluses.
were interdependent because New England's short growing season required the importation of food from the Caribbean Islands.
were interdependent because New Englanders used the Caribbean as a "safety valve" for excess population in search of farmland.
had virtually nothing to do with each other because the vast distance between them prohibited economic or cultural exchange.
all of these choices are correct.

Back 2

were interdependent because the sugar islands could not feed themselves or supply their own lumber, and New England relied on the Caribbean to purchase its surpluses.

Front 3

What was a proprietary colony?:
a colony like Virginia that was run like a business.
a colony like Delaware that was sponsored by a particular religious group.
a colony like Massachusetts that was forced to acknowledge the proper authority of the king.
a colony like New Jersey that was run as a privately owned estate.

Back 3

a colony like New Jersey that was run as a privately owned estate.

Front 4

In the 17c, the Great Migration refers to the?:
settlement of the Puritans in Massachusetts Bay and other colonies.
trade in slaves between West Africa and the West Indies.
immigration of Irish to the colonies.
expansion of white settlement across the Appalachian Mountains.
settlement of French-speaking Acadians in Louisiana.

Back 4

settlement of the Puritans in Massachusetts Bay and other colonies.

Front 5

Which of the following colonies required each community of 50 or more families to provide a teacher of reading and writing?:
Pennsylvania.
Maryland.
Virginia.
Massachusetts.
Rhode Island.

Back 5

Massachusetts.

Front 6

One of the reasons for Roger William's banishment from Massachusetts Bay was his belief that?:
the king of England had no right to give away land belonging to the Indians.
the church and the state should be linked.
the covenant of grace was a false doctrine.
good works were essential to salvation.

Back 6

the king of England had no right to give away land belonging to the Indians.

Front 7

A visionary radical Protestant sect whose members believed in an Inner Light that brought them close to God, equality in religious and social life, pacifism, and defiance of authority when it denied their rights to practice their religion.

Back 7

Quakers

Front 8

This adventurer instituted military discipline and perhaps saved the Virginia colony at Jamestown.

Back 8

John Smith

Front 9

This prominent New England clergyman helped bring the Salem witchcraft trials to a close.

Back 9

Increase Mather

Front 10

An interpretation of Puritan doctrine associated with Anne Hutchinson that stressed mystical elements in God's grace and diverged from orthodox Puritan views on salvation.

Back 10

antinomianism

Front 11

This Puritan theologian was the leader of the first Great Awakening in New England.

Back 11

Johnathan Edwards

Front 12

A prominent humanitarian, he led a group of settlers and helped found the colony of Georgia in 1732.

Back 12

James Oglethorpe

Front 13

This New York newspaper editor made a written attack on the corrupt royal governor and was arrested on the basis of seditious libel. However, after a trial, he was found not guilty.

Back 13

John Peter Zenger

Front 14

He led an uprising in New York in the name of King William IV against the Anglo-Dutch ruling elite.

Back 14

Jacob Leisler

Front 15

This Virgina settler married and experiments with growing tobacco in the colony.

Back 15

John Rolfe

Front 16

The Wool Act of 1699, the Hat Act of 1732, and the Iron Act of 1750 were British attempts to?:
tax ships entering American ports.
punish Bostonian merchants.
increase American manufacturing.
limit American manufacturing.
provide colonial manufacturers with European markets.

Back 16

limit American manufacturing.

Front 17

The trial of John Peter Zenger in 1735 for seditious libel?:
established the government's right to censor the press.
resulted in a "hung jury" and a dismissal of the charges.
determined that government censorship of the press was unconstitutional.
encouraged editors to be more critical of public officials.
found Zenger guilty.

Back 17

encouraged editors to be more critical of public officials.

Front 18

Thomas Jefferson once observed that the best school of political liberty the world ever saw was the?:
College of William and Mary.
New England town meeting.
Chesapeake plantation system.
Virginia House of Burgesses.
Congregationalist meeting house.

Back 18

New England town meeting.

Front 19

Which of the following is NOT TRUE of English colonial families in mid-18c America?:
physical punishment was the normal method of enforcing unquestioned obedience from children.
women lost virtually all of their legal rights as individuals once they married.
most families bore children who lived long enough to bear children of their own.
more than 90% of families lived in rural areas at about this time.
women, while subservient to their husbands, set the moral standards by which children were raised and decided how the children would be educated and trained.

Back 19

women, while subservient to their husbands, set the moral standards by which children were raised and decided how the children would be educated and trained.

Front 20

The Intolerable Acts of 1774 included all of the following EXCEPT?:
the closing of Boston harbor.
making the Massachusetts council and judiciary appointive.
new taxes on glass, tea, lead, and paper.
allowing trials of accused colonial officials to be moved to England.
authorizing the governor to limit town meetings to as few as one a year.

Back 20

new taxes on glass, tea, lead, and paper.

Front 21

Which was NOT a result of the French and Indian War (Seven Years' War)?:
France lost Canada.
Great Britain incurred high war costs.
Great Britain gained Louisiana.
Great Britain saw a need to tighten its administrative system.
Great Britain made a decision to reinvigorate the mercantile system.

Back 21

Great Britain gained Louisiana.

Front 22

Which of the following is an accurate description of the Sons of Liberty, created in 1765?:
this inter-colonial association was created by the elite in an attempt to channel crowd action into acceptable forms of resistance.
the organization was founded by colonists who opposed the colonial resistance movement.
this inter-colonial association was founded by a group of newspaper editors who composed a series of essays on the subject of liberty.
the organization was strongest in the South and was composed of radicals who demanded separation from Great Britain.

Back 22

this inter-colonial association was created by the elite in an attempt to channel crowd action into acceptable forms of resistance.

Front 23

The Molasses Act was intended to enforce England's mercantilist policies by?:
forcing the colonists to export solely to Great Britain.
forcing the colonists to buy sugar from other British colonies rather than from foreign producers.
forbidding the colonists to engage in manufacturing activity in competition with British industries.
providing a favorable market for the products of the British East India Company.
creating an economic situation in which gold tended to flow from the colonies to the mother country.

Back 23

forcing the colonists to buy sugar from other British colonies rather than from foreign producers.

Front 24

Events in the late 1760s and early 1770s helped to bring about a new consensus in the colonies. What was the consensus?:
that the government could not tax the colonies because they were not represented in Parliament.
that the British constitution could be altered by the passage of new laws.
that Parliament had no lawmaking authority over the colonies except for the right to regulate imperial commerce.
that the American colonies would be free from tyranny only when they were independent of British rule.

Back 24

that Parliament had no lawmaking authority over the colonies except for the right to regulate imperial commerce.

Front 25

A final attempt by moderates in the Continental Congress to prevent an all-out war with Britain.

Back 25

Olive Branch Petition

Front 26

This political agitator led the Boston Tea Party and attended the First Continental Congress as a delegate from Massachusetts.

Back 26

Samuel Adams

Front 27

This was adopted by the First Continental Congress and it promised obedience to the king, but denied Parliament the right to tax the colonies.

Back 27

Declaration of Rights and Grievances

Front 28

Colonial radicals formed these groups in each town and colony to spread the word of any new English aggression.

Back 28

Committees of Correspondence

Front 29

This document, proposed by Lord North, promised any colony that would provide for its own government and defense virtual immunity from taxation. This plan was rejected by the colonies.

Back 29

Resolution on Reconciliation

Front 30

A series of new duties enacted by Parliament on widely used colonial products, this legislation established the vice-admiralty courts to enforce British trade laws.

Back 30

Townshend Acts

Front 31

A problem with the Spanish entry into the American Revolution against Britain was that Spain?:
entered as an ally of France rather than of the United States.
demanded that the United States surrender Georgia as a price for its help.
agreed to fight the British but only on the open seas.
said it would attack only the British colonies in South America.

Back 31

entered as an ally of France rather than of the United States.

Front 32

The Battle of Saratoga resulted in?:
an embarrassing defeat for the Continental Army.
an unsuccessful peace overture from Lord North.
France entering the war on the side of the colonies.
renewed efforts of the Loyalists to enlist colonial support.
the treason of Benedict Arnold.

Back 32

France entering the war on the side of the colonies.

Front 33

Spinning bees and dressing down in homespun?:
contributed to the solidarity of resistance by displaying fewer differences in appearance between rich and poor.
were ways in which poor women were forced to support the Army.
were tactics used by loyalists to demonstrate that independence would lower the American standard of living.
helped to raise money and provide clothing for the Continental Army.

Back 33

contributed to the solidarity of resistance by displaying fewer differences in appearance between rich and poor.

Front 34

All of the following were weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation government EXCEPT?:
it lacked the power to levy taxes.
it lacked the power to regulate commerce.
it lacked the power to borrow money.
it could not compel the states to abide by the terms of international treaties it had made.
it lacked a strong executive.

Back 34

it lacked the power to borrow money.

Front 35

The central compromise of the Constitutional Convention involved the issue of?:
balance of powers within the federal government.
relationship of state and federal powers.
abandonment of the Articles of Confederation.
representation of large and small states.
the powers of the presidency.

Back 35

representation of large and small states.

Front 36

The first amendments to the Constitution, the Bill of Rights, were added to protect?:
the states from the power of the federal government.
individual citizens from the power of the federal government and state governments.
minorities from the majority.
individual citizens from the power of the state governments.
individual citizens from the power of the federal government.

Back 36

individual citizens from the power of the federal government.

Front 37

Which of the following statements most accurately describes the function of the "elastic clause" of the Constitution?:
it gives the president authority to affect the course of Congressional legislation.
it gives Congress greater powers than those explicitly delegated to it.
it prevents Congress from enacting bills of attainder or ex post facto laws.
it gives the Senate the power to approve or reject treaties negotiated by the President.
it reserves certain powers to the states.

Back 37

it gives Congress greater powers than those explicitly delegated to it.

Front 38

The Constitution was written to make it difficult for the majority of the population to impress their will on the federal government. Which of the following gave the people the most impact on the federal government?:
length of the term of office for federal judges.
length of the term of office for members of the House of Representatives.
choosing the president by the Electoral College.
the method of electing U. S. Senators.
having one-third of the Senate elected every two years.

Back 38

length of the term of office for members of the House of Representatives.

Front 39

Which of the following civil liberties protected by the Bill of Rights was in the Constitution as originally ratified?:
freedom of the press.
freedom of religion.
the right to bear arms.
protection against self-incrimination.
trial by jury.

Back 39

trial by jury.

Front 40

According to the United States Constitution, each of the following may be accomplished by a simple majority vote EXCEPT?:
Congress declares war.
the Senate approves the appointment of a Supreme Court Justice.
Congress passes an immigration law.
the Senate ratifies a treaty.
the electoral college must select a president.

Back 40

the Senate ratifies a treaty.

Front 41

Which of the following provisions of the Constitution represents an abandonment of one or more of the principles on which the Articles of Confederation had rested?:
the states had full freedom to act autonomously on purely internal matters.
no one could interfere with the return of runaway slaves.
Congress had the authority to levy and collect taxes, regulate commerce, and conduct diplomacy.
none of these choices are correct.

Back 41

Congress had the authority to levy and collect taxes, regulate commerce, and conduct diplomacy.

Front 42

A form of government in which power is distributed to and shared by different political levels, as between states and the central government.

Back 42

federalism

Front 43

The powers that remain with the states after other powers were delegated to the national government by the Constitution.

Back 43

reserved powers

Front 44

A Constitutional guarantee that persons under legal investigation receive fair treatment from government officials.

Back 44

due process of law

Front 45

He drafted the plan to replace the Articles of Confederation with a new federal system.

Back 45

James Madison

Front 46

This phrase in the Constitution gives Congress the power to pass laws that are "necessary and proper" for carrying out Congress's other specific powers.

Back 46

elastic

Front 47

This meeting was called by Alexander Hamilton and others to talk about the lowering of taxes and tariffs to increase trade between the states.

Back 47

Annapolis Conference

Front 48

This plan called for the establishment of a national government with a bicameral legislature whose members would be proportional to population.

Back 48

Virginia Plan

Front 49

The authority of a court to be the first to hear a case and conduct a trial.

Back 49

original jurisdiction

Front 50

He thought up the idea of the Constitution's Executive Branch and the idea of the Electoral College electing the President.

Back 50

James Wilson

Front 51

The belief that the national government can exercise only those powers that are clearly and specifically stated by the U. S. Constitution.

Back 51

strict construction

Front 52

An order requiring that a detained or jailed person be brought before a court at a stated time and place to decide whether the person's detention is proper and lawful.

Back 52

habeas corpus

Front 53

This plan enlarged the powers of Congress to include the right to levy taxes and regulate commerce. It defined Congressional laws and treaties as the "supreme law of the land", and called for separate executive and judicial branches.

Back 53

New Jersey Plan

Front 54

A broad interpretation of the U. S. Constitution expanding the implied powers of Congress.

Back 54

loose construction

Front 55

The power granted to the U. S. government that the Constitution mentions directly and explicitly.

Back 55

delegated powers

Front 56

The primary issue in dispute in Shay's Rebellion was?:
the under-representation of western Massachusetts in the state legislature, leading to accusations of "taxation without representation."
the failure of Massachusetts to pay a promised postwar bonus to soldiers who had served in its forces during the Revolution.
the jailing of individuals or seizure of their property for failure to pay taxes during a time of economic hardship.
the failure of Massachusetts authorities to take adequate steps to protect the western part of the state from the depredations of raiding Indians.
economic oppression practiced by the banking interests of eastern Massachusetts.

Back 56

the jailing of individuals or seizure of their property for failure to pay taxes during a time of economic hardship.

Front 57

The Northwest Ordinance of 1787 established what precedent for new territories?:
equality of new states with old.
fair treatment of Indians.
popular sovereignty.
support for public education.
prohibition of slavery.

Back 57

equality of new states with old.

Front 58

The Jay Treaty (1794) provided for?:
the acceptance of American trade with the French West Indies.
free navigation of the Mississippi.
an ending of the impressment of American seamen.
the settlement of the Canadian boundary.
evacuation of English troops from their posts along the Great Lakes.

Back 58

evacuation of English troops from their posts along the Great Lakes.

Front 59

The main purpose of the Alien and Sedition Acts was to?:
capture French and British spies.
control the Federalists.
silence and punish critics of the Federalists.
keep Thomas Jefferson from becoming president.

Back 59

silence and punish critics of the Federalists.

Front 60

Which of the following was NOT a cause of John Adam's defeat in the presidential election of 1800?:
the Alien and Sedition Acts.
the XYZ Affair.
Alexander Hamilton's disagreement with John Adams.
British harassment of American sailors.
the failure of Adams to support war with France.

Back 60

British harassment of American sailors.

Front 61

The Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions argued that the right to determine the constitutionality of a law passed by Congress rested in?:
Congress.
the states.
the President.
the Supreme Court.
the vote of the people.

Back 61

the states.

Front 62

The treaties of the 1780s negotiated by the new American government with Native Americans of the interior?:
confirmed the alliances made between the United States and the tribes during the Revolution.
intended to open trans-Appalachia to white settlement.
proved durable and effective in maintaining peaceful relations.
afforded the Native Americans all the rights and privileges of United States citizenship.

Back 62

intended to open trans-Appalachia to white settlement.

Front 63

In the election of 1796?:
Thomas Jefferson was the choice of southern Federalists.
the Federalist Party united behind Adams.
George Washington took an active role.
the Federalist party divided when southern Federalists refused to support Adams.

Back 63

the Federalist party divided when southern Federalists refused to support Adams.

Front 64

Purposes of Alexander Hamilton's tax, tariff, and debt manipulation schemes during the presidency of George Washington included?:
ridding the federal government of debt as soon as possible.
ending undue government interference in the economy.
binding the interests of the moneyed class to the new federal government.
maintaining the United States as an agrarian society.
promoting the importation of British manufactured goods.

Back 64

binding the interests of the moneyed class to the new federal government.

Front 65

In 1800 Federalists viewed Jeffersonian Republicans as dangerous radicals and feared the consequences if they gained control of the government. What actually happened when the Republicans were elected?:
the Republicans adopted a more radical plan than they had previously advocated.
Jefferson immediately curtailed overseas commerce with France.
the Republicans maintained the policies of the Federalists.
the Republicans ruthlessly destroyed all opposition to their policies.
the Republicans did not make nearly as many changes as they had advocated.

Back 65

the Republicans did not make nearly as many changes as they had advocated.

Front 66

Between 1806 and 1809, non-importation, non-intercourse, and embargo acts sought to?:
bring peace between France and Great Britain.
encourage domestic American manufacturing.
balance Southern and Northern economic power.
forced Great Britain to recognize American rights.
help Britain in the Napoleonic Wars.

Back 66

forced Great Britain to recognize American rights.

Front 67

The causes of the War of 1812 included all of the following EXCEPT?:
demand for respect of America's neutral rights.
land hunger in the West as well as a desire for Florida.
fear that Indian attacks were caused by the British.
strong sectional rivalries that could only be overcome by an external enemy.

Back 67

strong sectional rivalries that could only be overcome by an external enemy.

Front 68

6 The Battle of New Orleans in 1815?:
1--resulted in the emergence of Andrew Jackson as a military hero.
2--ended the possibility of a British Empire on the lower Mississippi River.
3--strengthened the Federalist party's grip on the national government.
4--assured the ratification of the treaty ending the war without notable
changes by the British.
1 and 2 only.
2 and 3 only.
3 and 4 only.
1, 2, and 3 only.
1, 2, and 4 only.

Back 68

1 and 2 only.

Front 69

The issuance of the Monroe Doctrine in 1823 was prompted by?:
the Russian annexation of Alaska.
President Monroe's hope of increasing his popularity with the American public.
the fear that France might intervene in Latin America to restore Spanish colonial rule.
continuing British intervention in Latin American affairs.

Back 69

the fear that France might intervene in Latin America to restore Spanish colonial rule.

Front 70

Thomas Jefferson maintained that?:
only educated men could know the truth.
until the masses were educated aristocratic government was more likely to be just than was republican government.
by means of education, republican societies should train the ablest minds for leadership.
education would make all men equal in ability.
the greatest enemies of liberty were the over-educated.

Back 70

by means of education, republican societies should train the ablest minds for leadership.

Front 71

In diplomatic and economic terms, the War of 1812?:
was a disaster for the United States.
could be considered the Second War for American Independence.
was considered a victory for Britain.
resulted in the fall of the British government that concluded the conflict.

Back 71

could be considered the Second War for American Independence.

Front 72

The resolutions from the Hartford Convention?:
helped to cause the death of the Federalist Party.
resulted in the resurgence of states' rights.
called for southern secession from the Union.
supported use of state militias against the British.

Back 72

helped to cause the death of the Federalist Party.

Front 73

During both the Washington and Jefferson administrations, the Western settlers' most urgent and consistent demand on the federal government was for the?:
repeal of the whiskey tax.
guaranty of an outlet to the sea for their produce.
establishment of a national banking system.
reduction in the tariff.
removal of Native Americans to reservations.

Back 73

guarantee of an outlet to the sea for their produce.

Front 74

The congressional election of 1810 was important because it?:
greatly increased the size of the Republican party.
brought in a number of peace advocates.
added a number of young, western, anti-British representatives to the House.
gave rise to a new political party.

Back 74

added a number of young, western, anti-British representatives to the House.

Front 75

After the War of 1812, Henry Clay called for an "American System", by which he meant?:
a system of high tariffs to keep out European products.
a unique method of manufacturing that Europeans could not emulate.
a new way of winning wars.
internal improvements that would make the nation self-sufficient.

Back 75

internal improvements that would make the nation self-sufficient.

Front 76

The Missouri Compromise of 1820 did all of the following EXCEPT?:
bring in Maine as a free state.
prohibit slavery north of latitude 36o 30'.
maintain the balance of slave and free states.
bring in Missouri as a slave state.
establish the principle of popular sovereignty south of 36o 30'.

Back 76

establish the principle of popular sovereignty south of 36o 30'.

Front 77

As the author of the Monroe Doctrine, he warned the European powers not to extend their imperial system to the Western Hemisphere.

Back 77

John Quincy Adams

Front 78

This further decreased the friction between the U. S. and Britain when this agreement peaceably adjusted their boundaries along the Great Lakes.

Back 78

Rush-Bagot Treaty

Front 79

This Anglo-American agreement restored territories to their original status before the War of 1812.

Back 79

Treaty of Ghent

Front 80

This Federalist judge was impeached, but not convicted, because of seditious speech.

Back 80

Samuel Chase

Front 81

During the 1820s and 1830s, the growth of business was assisted by all of the following developments EXCEPT the?:
creation of a stable state banking system.
specialization of stores.
improvement in the distribution of goods.
emergence of new general incorporation laws.

Back 81

creation of a stable state banking system.

Front 82

Andrew Jackson's Specie Circular sought to?:
pay off the government debts.
replace the Bank of the United States with an independent treasury.
end the financial panic of 1837.
establish the free coinage of silver.
slow down speculation in public land.

Back 82

slow down speculation in public land.

Front 83

As a result of Jackson's bank policies?:
sales of public land rose tremendously.
banks printed new banknotes with abandon.
the nation entered a period of speculative mania.
all of these choices are correct.

Back 83

all of these choices are correct.

Front 84

The Whig Party turned against President John Tyler because?:
he was felt to be ineffective in pushing the Whig agenda through Congress.
he spoke out in favor of the annexation of Texas.
he opposed the entire Whig legislative program.
he criticized Henry Clay's handling of the Nullification Crisis.
he aggressively favored the expansion of slavery.

Back 84

he opposed the entire Whig legislative program.

Front 85

In the early 19c, which section of the country tended to oppose tariffs?:
the South.
New England.
the West.
the Middle Atlantic.

Back 85

New England.

Front 86

Andrew Jackson's remark, John Marshall has made his decision; now let him enforce it, refers to the president's intention to?:
destroy the National Bank despite the Supreme Court ruling upholding its constitutionality.
use force, if necessary, to make South Carolina obey federal law that South Carolina thought was unconstitutional.
move the Cherokees west of the Mississippi River regardless of Supreme Court rulings.
disregard Chief Justice Marshall's ruling in Gibbons v. Ogden.

Back 86

move the Cherokees west of the Mississippi River regardless of Supreme Court rulings.

Front 87

As President Jackson's Secretary of the Treasury, he withdrew federal funds from the Bank of the United States.

Back 87

Roger B. Taney

Front 88

This was overwhelmingly nullified by the South Carolina state legislature on the grounds of its unconstitutionality.

Back 88

Tariff of 1832

Front 89

This Supreme Court decision supported the principle that government should support the right to the general happiness of all of its citizens and that this should take precedence over property rights.

Back 89

Charles River vs. Warren Bridge

Front 90

The principle that politics should be based on districts with certain common geographic features and political/sociological needs.

Back 90

sectionalism

Front 91

This wing of the Democratic party advocated violence as a means of adjusting economic differences among Americans.

Back 91

Locos Focos

Front 92

The extreme suffering of the Cherokee people in 1838 as they were forced by federal law to leave their homelands in the southeast for lands in the west.

Back 92

Trail of Tears

Front 93

This bill enabled the president to use the army to enforce the federal laws in South Carolina after that state had nullified the 1832 Tariff.

Back 93

Force Act

Front 94

In this Supreme Court decision, Native Americans' rights to their land were upheld and Chief Justice Marshall ordered the president to ensure these rights.

Back 94

Cherokee Nation vs. Georgia

Front 95

This military hero of the Mexican War ran as the last candidate of the Whig Party.

Back 95

Winfeild Scott

Front 96

Political bargaining or trading of favors.

Back 96

logrolling

Front 97

This Supreme Court decision denied states the right to extend jurisdiction over Indian lands.

Back 97

Worcester vs. Georgia

Front 98

This was vetoed by Andrew Jackson on the grounds of strict constructionist interpretation of the Constitution.

Back 98

Maysville Road Bill

Front 99

A political candidate whose ability is not known or whose chances of success are not good, but who comes from out of nowhere to win a nomination or an election.

Back 99

Dark-Horse

Front 100

During the period of the New Deal, the program of organized labor was most successful in?:
unifying the labor movement.
restoring full employment to the economy.
removing obstacles to unionization.
securing a nationwide system of workers' compensation.
safeguarding unions from authoritarian control.

Back 100

removing obstacles to unionization.

Front 101

In addition to putting young men back to work, a principal purpose of the Civilian Conservation Corps was to?:
limit population growth.
help young married couples buy homes on easy mortgage terms.
promote reforestation and land conservation.
provide an interracial living experience to promote harmony.

Back 101

promote reforestation and land conservation.

Front 102

Dr. Francis Townsend gained notoriety as a critic of the New Deal with his?:
share-the-wealth program.
$200 per month pension plan for the elderly.
National Union for Social Justice.
running for president against Roosevelt in 1936.

Back 102

$200 per month pension plan for the elderly.

Front 103

Until the 1930s, the Supreme Court objected to social legislation passed by the states to protect workers on the basis that such laws?:
made American business less competitive.
interfered with the natural order of things.
were reserved to the federal government.
interfered with the workers' right of contract.
did not contribute to the health and well-being of the citizens.

Back 103

interfered with the workers' right of contract.

Front 104

The Supreme Court declared the National Industrial Recovery Act unconstitutional because it?:
waived antitrust laws for cooperating businesses.
used an overbroad definition of interstate commerce.
granted public money to private corporations.
applied only to corporations not partnerships and sole proprietorships.

Back 104

used an overbroad definition of interstate commerce.

Front 105

All of the following are TRUE about the election of 1936 EXCEPT?:
the Republicans recognized the popularity of New Deal policies and simply asserted that they could administer them better.
Roosevelt beat Alf Landon in the most crushing victory since 1820.
third-party candidates--Socialist, Communist, and a coalition candidate for Coughlinites, Townsendites, and "Share Our Wealth" advocates--siphoned off an alarming number of Democratic votes.
the Democrats increased their already top-heavy majorities in the Senate and the House of Representatives.

Back 105

third-party candidates--Socialist, Communist, and a coalition candidate for Coughlinites, Townsendites, and "Share Our Wealth" advocates--siphoned off an alarming number of Democratic votes.

Front 106

The "Roosevelt coalition" that would allow the Democratic party to dominate politics for several decades rested on three pillars. Specifically, these included all of the following EXCEPT?:
traditional solid support in the South.
the farm vote, especially in the Plains states.
industrial workers.
city dwellers, especially blacks and white ethnics.

Back 106

the farm vote, especially in the Plains states.

Front 107

The most profound and long-lasting effect of the New Deal on American politics was that?:
the increasing power of the president lessened the power of Congress.
state and local governments became the main vehicles of political power.
cultural issues became more significant to the voting public.
the power of conservative politicians was finally broken.

Back 107

the increasing power of the president lessened the power of Congress.

Front 108

The Indian Reorganization Act of 1934?:
promoted assimilation of Indians into the American mainstream.
provided relief for the unemployed on reservations.
reversed a 50-year pattern by recognizing tribal life.
centralized administration of the reservation system in a new federal agency.

Back 108

reversed a 50-year pattern by recognizing tribal life.

Front 109

The Committee for Industrial Organization (CIO) was established?:
to organize skilled workers.
by industrialists to undermine the power of labor unions.
by President Roosevelt as one of his "alphabet agencies" to address economic problems.
to organize all workers in a particular industry, regardless of race, gender, or degree of skill.

Back 109

to organize all workers in a particular industry, regardless of race, gender, or degree of skill.

Front 110

Which was a factor considered by the Supreme Court in its decision in United States v. Butler (1936)?:
proper exercise of the taxing power.
violation of the Fourteenth Amendment.
constitutionality of soil conservation practice.
violation of Article IV, Section 2 of the United States Constitution.
delegation of Legislative power by Congress to the Executive.

Back 110

proper exercise of the taxing power.

Front 111

Which best describes the character of post office murals painted during the Depression?:
they showed common folk from the region doing common, traditional tasks.
they glorified the worker, subtly criticizing big business.
they featured patriotic symbols to inculcate loyalty to the federal government.
they tended to idealize a better future, rather than sound themes from the past.

Back 111

they showed common folk from the region doing common, traditional tasks.

Front 112

This federal agency, established in 1935, enforced laws against unfair labor practices.

Back 112

National Labor Relations Board

Front 113

As FDR's Secretary of Labor, she was the first woman ever appointed to a presidential Cabinet position.

Back 113

Frances Perkins

Front 114

Sometimes known as the "Magna Carta of Labor," this law guaranteed unions the right of collect bargaining.

Back 114

Wagner Act

Front 115

This New Deal agency, created in 1933, established a set of rules, or codes, for doing business in different industries. It was later declared unconstitutional in 1935.

Back 115

National Recovery Administration.

Front 116

This New Deal agency helped end speculation by the banking industry and guaranteed all bank deposits up to a certain amount, even if the bank failed.

Back 116

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

Front 117

This colorful Louisiana Senator started the "share the wealth" movement.

Back 117

Huey Long

Front 118

This law established the minimum wage and maximum work hours for many workers.

Back 118

Fair Labor Standards Act

Front 119

This New Deal program provided cheap electrical power for U. S. farmers.

Back 119

Tennessee Valley Authority

Front 120

This federal agency, established in 1934, regulates the stock market and prevents the abuses practiced during the 1920s that led to the Great Crash in 1929.

Back 120

U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission

Front 121

This Catholic priest made radio broadcasts denouncing the New Deal even though he was an earlier supporter of FDR.

Back 121

Charles E. Coughlin

Front 122

The New Deal government agency that paid subsidies to farmers to reduce the acreage of basic crops which would increase prices and, hopefully, increase farm incomes.

Back 122

Agricultural Adjustment Administration

Front 123

This law stated that no federal officials could campaign and that no government funds could be used for political purposes.

Back 123

Hatch Act

Front 124

A critic of FDR's, this doctor proposed that everyone 60 years of age or older should get $200 a month as long as they spent it within 30 days.

Back 124

Francis E. Townsend

Front 125

Headed by Harry Hopkins, FDR's personal friend and political advisor, this New Deal agency had $3 billion to give to states that needed money for welfare payments or for work projects.

Back 125

Federal Emergency Relief Administration

Front 126

It was during this period that many New Deal programs were forced through an overwhelmingly Democratically-controlled Congress.

Back 126

Hundred Days

Front 127

This was created to build schools, libraries, and cultural centers. It also employed musicians, writers, and painters as part of the Federal Arts Project.

Back 127

Works Progress Administration

Front 128

This 1933 law eased the tight credit situation by permitting the Federal Reserve Bank to accept a wide variety of commercial paper as collateral for loans.

Back 128

Glass-Steagall Act

Front 129

This economist was a proponent of deficit spending by the U. S. government in times of acute economic difficulties. His ideas influenced many New Dealers.

Back 129

John Maynard Keynes

Front 130

Headed by Harold Ickes, Sr., this New Deal government agency carried out many heavy construction projects by working through private construction firms. It helped relieve unemployment during the Depression.

Back 130

Public Works Administration

Front 131

The effect of the Neutrality Acts of 1935-1937 was to?:
halt all trade between the U. S. and belligerent nations.
encourage aggressor nations because they knew in advance that the U. S. would not become involved.
encourage trade between the United States and belligerent nations.
prevent United States involvement in European wars.
encourage peaceful settlement of problems between potentially belligerent nations.

Back 131

encourage aggressor nations because they knew in advance that the U. S. would not become involved.

Front 132

The one obstacle to resolving American-Japanese during the 1941 negotiations was?:
control of the natural resources of southeast Asia.
Japanese occupation of China.
the embargo on war supplies to Japan.
the Japanese alliance with Germany and Italy.

Back 132

the embargo on war supplies to Japan.

Front 133

The purpose of Franklin D. Roosevelt's Four Freedoms speech was to?:
obtain a congressional declaration of war against Germany.
obtain a congressional declaration of war against Japan.
gain support for his Lend-Lease program.
assert complete American neutrality in the war in Europe.
set forth the terms under which Germany's surrender would be accepted.

Back 133

gain support for his Lend-Lease program.

Front 134

The Oneida Community?:
advocated "free love" to redefine gender roles.
called for celibacy and attracted members of conversion.
believed it liberated women from the demands of male "lust" and from traditional bonds of family.
was widely accepted and had almost no critics.

Back 134

believed it liberated women from the demands of male "lust" and from traditional bonds of family.

Front 135

Antebellum feminists were generally?:
devoted to the issue of women's rights to the exclusion of all else.
active in other reform movements as well.
indifferent to political issues while attentive to social causes.
united in their goals and methods.

Back 135

active in other reform movements as well.

Front 136

Policies based on the idea of Manifest Destiny led to all of the following EXCEPT?:
war with Mexico.
increased sectional conflict over slavery.
the annexation of Texas.
the decline of the Democratic party.

Back 136

the decline of the Democratic party.

Front 137

President Zachary Taylor favored the?:
exclusion of slavery from all the lands acquired from Mexico.
swift admission of new states from the Mexican Cession, with the issue of slavery decided by the local inhabitants.
gradual admission of new states from the Mexican Cession, after giving southerners a chance to move into the area.
creation of only slave states in all the lands acquired from Mexico.

Back 137

swift admission of new states from the Mexican Cession, with the issue of slavery decided by the local inhabitants.

Front 138

The Pre-Emption Action of 1841?:
forced squatters to buy at public auction the land they lived on.
authorized free land grants for homesteaders who improved unsettled federal land.
legalized settlement on federal land prior to its being surveyed.
provided 160 acres of land to veterans of the Mexican War.

Back 138

legalized settlement on federal land prior to its being surveyed.

Front 139

"Ecological Imperialism" can best be described as?:
the efforts of white settlers to take land from Native Americans.
the aggressive exploitation of the West's bounty.
a desire for the United States to acquire California.
none of these choices are correct.

Back 139

the aggressive exploitation of the West's bounty.