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105 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Describe the federal railroad grants.
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Right of way, 100 yards wide
One square alternating miles held by govt/railroad |
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What was a "cheap way to subsidize the transportation system?
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granting land
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Town off the railroad tracks became...
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"ghost towns"
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First railroad began in ___ named ____
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Omaha Nebraska
Union Pacific Railroad |
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How much money would they receive in grants per mile?
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16,000 on flat
48,000 on mountainous |
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Labors had _____ in hand to defend against _______
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rifles, indians
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Tented towns became known as...
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"hells on wheels"
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Railroad spanning from west to east named ____ began in ______
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Central Pacific Railroad, Sacramento
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Big four financed this enterprise, the most important of which was...
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Leland Stanford
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"wedding of rails"
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when the central and union pacific lines met at Ogden Utah in 1869
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Total number of transcontinental railroads? Finished in...
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5, 1893
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Only railroad not to receive land grants?
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Great Northern
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Greatest railroad builder of all time?
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James Hill
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Who built the Central/Union lines?
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Chinese = Central
Union = Irish |
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What was also attached to the first transcontinental railroad?
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telegraph wire
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What was hammered in for the last spike of the railroad?
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golden spike
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Where was it moved to after being removed?
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Stanford
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Nugget for Vanderbilt
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"Commodore Vanderbilt"
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Vanderbilt improved the....
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New York Central Railroad
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Two major improvements created a boom in railroads
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Steel rail, westinghouse air brake
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Where did the iron horse especially stimulate?
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mining and agriculture in the west
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What was created to offer a more indulgous experience for customers?
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Pullman Palace Car
"gorgeous traveling hotels" |
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What was developed in Dakotas and Montana?
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range fed cattle made buffalo extinct
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What was developed in Michigan wisconsin and minnesota?
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lumber
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What was decided on November 18, 1883 to make station times uniform?
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"railroad standard time"
split country into 4 sections |
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Who was the most adept in scheming with railroads?
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Gould
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What was one of his favorite techniques?
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stock watering
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When Vanderbilt was told the law stood in his way, he said
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"Law! What do I care about the law? Hain't I got the power"
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He also said at one point...
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"I won't sue you, for the law is too slow, Ill ruin you"
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His son, Willian Vanderbilt said...
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"The public be damned"
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What were for a time virtual industrial monarchs?
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Railroad kings
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Who had to pay to most for transportation?
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small farmers
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What was an orgainized agrarian group in the west?
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Grange Patrons of Husbandry
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Case that decided states had no power to regulate interstate commerce?
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Louis and Pacific Railroad Company v Illinois
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What was passed against Clevelands wishes in 1887 to set up regulation of commerce?
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Interstate Commerce Act
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This act also set up the ...
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Interstates Commerce Commission ICC
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Who said that "the new commission can be made of great use to the railroads...."
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Olney
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What was one of the reasons American surged ahead in manufactoring?
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lots of liquid capital
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Innovations in transportation led to the expansion of the use of ....
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coal oil iron
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What referred to the idea of using interchangable parts and specialized machinery?
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American System
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This all cuminated in ...
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1913 Henry's Fords' assembling line creation of model T
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Innvention that connected country together?
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telephone
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American was shocked into nation of
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"telephoniacs"
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Why were "number please women" used instead of boys?
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their profanity shocked patrons
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Who was the most versatile inventor who laid claim to the phonographhhhhhh, the memeograph, the dictaphone, and the moving picture?
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Edison
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"Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety nine percent perspiration"
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Edison
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Associate each CEO with his buisness:
Carnegie --- Rockefeller ---- JP Morgan ----- |
Steel
Oil banker's bak |
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"Wizard of Menlo Park"
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Edison
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Carnegie pioneered idea of ___ which combined all aspects of manufactoring into one
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vertical integration
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Rockefeller tended to use _____ which ____
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horizontal integration which meant allying with competitors to monopolize market
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Rockefeller also perfected idea of ...
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trust, group of stockholders
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He formed the
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Standard Oil Company 1870
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What was the process of placing officers of one banking sydicate on various boards of directors known as...
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interlocking directorates
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What was Standard Oil company compared to?
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octopus
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War cry of the generation?q
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Steel is King
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What was the cheap method of making steel?
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Bessemer process
changed to Bessemer/Kelly process |
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Kelly created steel first but many called it...
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"Kelly's fool steel"
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Where did Carnegie enter the steel buisness?
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Pittsburg
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Who was "Napoleon f the Smokestacks"
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Carnegie
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Carnegie convinced ____ to buy his company for 400M
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JP Morgan
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What did Carnegie do with the money?
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donate 350M away to build libraries and other philanthropic purposes
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What was the US' first billion dollar buisness?
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JP Morgan lauched the US Steel Corporation capitalized at 1.4M
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What was "Drake's folly"
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the first oil well
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What was the first major product of the oil industry?
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Kerosene
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This destroyed what industry?
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whaling off east coast
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Rockefeller created the..
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Standard Oil Compay 1870
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Who said "What a funny little government" "Sell all the oil that is sold in your district"
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Rockefeller
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By 1877 Rockefeller controlled
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95% of oil refineries in US
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"The time was ripe it had to come though all we saw at the moment was th ened to save ourselve from wasteful conditions... The day of combination is here o stay. Individualism has gone, never to return."
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Rockefeller
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Carnegie believed those who were rich had to behave by a
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"Gospel of Wealth"
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Herbert Spencer and Wiliam Sumner were both...
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Social Darwinists
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Who coined the phrase "survival of the fittest"
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Spencer
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"The millionaries are a product of natural selection"
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Sumner
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Answer sumner's question:
"what do social classes owe each other?" |
nothing
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Reverend Conwell gave a speech entitled
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"Acres of Diamonds"
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First attempt at mobilizing against monopolies?
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Sherman Anti Trust Act
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Seven of the first eight prosecutions of trust by the justice department were...
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against the government
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Monopolistic greed tried to be curved through what two bills?
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Sherman Anti Trust Act
Interstate Commerce Act |
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Who became leader in creation of "coffin nails"? cigarette czar... made American Tobacco Company
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James Duke
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What was an example of economic discrimination against the south?
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Pittsburgh Plus
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What was southern cry to replace shipping cotton to north?
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"Bring the mills to the cotton"
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What was name given to entire families who were displaced moving to factories?
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"Hillbillies"
"lintheads" |
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What were two inventions that changed women's role?
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typewritter and telephone switchboard
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The "Gibson Girl" magizine led women to...
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become more indenpendent
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The photographs of who influenced the Nation Child Labor Committee? he is also the father of documentary photography
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Lewis Hine
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The _____ came to sybolize women's growing independence and assertiveness.
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Gibson Girl
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Most popular American product?
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five gallon kerosene can
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"I can hire one half of the working class to kil the other half"
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Gould
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Some people who held strikes were forced to sign
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"iron Clad oaths"
or put on the "black list" |
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One of ealiest national scale unions?
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Nation Labor Union
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What was at first a secret society and filled the shoes of the national labor union?
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Knights of Labor
Noble and Holy Order |
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"An injury to one is the conern of all" was the slogan of
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Knights of labor
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Who did the Knights bar from joining?
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non producers
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Who was leader?q
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Powderly
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Episode were dynamite bomb was thrown by anarchist
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Haymarket Square
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Knights of labor became associated with
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anarchists
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Elistist union?
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American Federation of Labor
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Leader?
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gompers
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Gompers wanted to create...
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closed shops (all union workers)
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Women who was organizer of Knights of labor?
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Fiery Mary Harris Mother Jones
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Who was excluded from K of L?
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chinese
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WHo " denounced the multimillionaries for laying the foundation for their colossal fortunes on the bodies and souls of lving men"
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Powderly
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By 1900 only ___ were part of union
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3%
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_____ was made holiday in 1894
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Labor Day
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"Show me the contry in which ther are no stickes and Ill showyou that country in whcih there is no liberty"
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Gompers
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