Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Urine formed by the kidneys leaves via this path . . .
|
Passes first into the ureters, then to the urinary bladder for storage, and finally through the urethra for elimination from the body.
|
|
|
T or F?
The kidneys are surrounded by a renal capsule, adipose capsule, and renal fascia? |
True
|
|
|
Why are the kidneys said to be retroperitoneal?
|
Look in back of Chapter
|
|
|
What are the two main regions of the kidney parenchyma?
|
The renal cortex and the renal pyramids in the renal medulla.
|
|
|
What structures pass through the renal hilum?
|
Look in back of Chapter
|
|
|
The renal arteries deliver what % of the resting cardiac output to the kidneys?
|
20 - 25%
|
|
|
What volume of blood enters the renal arteries per minute?
|
Look in back of Chapter
|
|
|
What are the functional units of the kidneys?
|
The Nephrons
|
|
|
What are the basic differences between cortical and juxtamedullary nephrons?
|
Look in back of Chapter
|
|
|
Histology of a renal corpuscle
A renal corpuscle consists of what two structures? |
1) Glomerular (Bowman's) capsule
And 2) a Glomerulus |
|
|
When cells of the renal tubules secrete the drug penicillin, is the drug being added to or removed from the bloodstream?
|
Look in back of text for Answer
|
|
|
During glomerular filtration what two items pass from blood plasma into the capsular space?
|
1) water
2) solutes |
|
|
Which part of the filtration membrane prevents red blood cells from entering the capsular space?
|
Look in back of text
|
|
|
Fenestrations are associated with . . . ?
|
Glomerulus
|
|
|
Kidneys help to control blood pressure by . . . ?
|
Renin
|
|
|
Sodium moves out from PCT, thus . . . ?
|
Active Transport / collecting duct by diffusion
|
|
|
In the renal interstitial fluid, sodium chloride concentration does what?
|
Increases from cortex to Medulla
|
|
|
The Loop of Henle is associated with . . . ?
|
Reabsorption
|
|
|
What is the external opening of the urinary system?
|
external urethral orfice
|
|
|
What is the function of erythropoietin?
|
Control blood cell production
|
|
|
What comprises a Nephron?
|
Renal corpuscle + a renal tubule
|
|
|
Sodium + Chloride equals what?
|
Countercument mechanism
|
|
|
Chloride ions are reabsorbed from?
|
Thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle
|
|
|
Potassium is actively secreted into tubular fluid is . . .
|
DCT
|
|
|
Glucose enters PCT by? and leaves by?
|
1) Sodium ion-glucose symporters
2) leaves by facilitated diffusion |
|
|
Reabsorption of glucose and amino acid = ?
|
PCT
|
|
|
Solutes that contribute to high osmolarity of interstitial fluid in renal medulla are?
|
Sodium, Chloride, Urea
|
|
|
Micturition reflex is engaged by?
|
Parasympathetic fibers
|
|
|
What is the color of urine?
|
Urochrome
|
|
|
What enables the kidney to excrete diluted or concentrated urine?
|
Juxtamedullary nephrons
|
|
|
Which of the following is NOT a function of the urinary system?
1) Blood volume 2) Blood pH balance 3) Blood pressure regulation 4) All of the above are functions of the urinary system 5) 1&2 |
All of the above are functions of the urinary system
|
|
|
The right kidney is NOT related to . . .
1) the liver 2) stomach 3) rib 12 4) all of the above structures are related to the right kidney 5) 2&3 |
the Stomach
|
|
|
What part of the uriniferrous tubule is contained within the renal pyramids of the kidney?
1) renal corpuscle 2) collecting duct 3) PCT 4) None of the above are in the medullary part of the kidney 5) 1&2 |
Collecting duct
|
|
|
Which of the following presents the correct order of the spaced within the kidney?
1) major calyx, minor calyx, ureter, renal pelvis 2) minor calyx, major calyx, renal pelvis, ureter 3) ureter, minor calyx, major calyx, renal pelvis 4) minor calyx, ureter, major calyx, renal pelvis 5) renal pelvis, minor calyx, major calyx, ureter |
Answer: minor calyx, major calyx, renal pelvis, ureter
|
|
|
Nephron and collecting duct together make the uriniferrous duct.
T or F? |
True
|
|
|
What type of cells from the parietal layer of the Bowman's capsule?
1) podocytes 2) cuboidal cells 3) interstitial cells 4) intercalated cells 5) squamous cells |
5) squamous cells
|
|
|
Which segment of the renal tubule presents the brush border on their apical surface? (Board Exam)
1) Bowman's capsule 2) PCT 3) Loop of Henle 4) DCT 5) Collecting duct |
2) PCT
|
|
|
Angiotensinogen is produced by:
1) JG cells 2) EGM cells 3) IGM cells 4) Liver 5) Lung |
1) JG cells
|
|
|
Angiotensin (II) mostly targets:
1) lungs 2) efferent arteriole 3) adrenal cortex 4) all of the above 5) 2&3 |
4) all of the above
|
|
|
ACE is more efficient at the presence of O2
T or F? |
True
|
|
|
Most of the water is absorbed in . . . of the nephron
1) PCT 2) DCT 3) Thin descending part of the Henle's loop 4) All of the above are equally involved in water resorption 5) 1&2 |
1) PCT
|
|
|
Which of the following cells secrets Medullipin (I)?
1) fibroblasts 2) macrophages 3) interstitial cells 4) macula densa 5) JG cells |
3) Interstitial fluid
|
|
|
Which of the following pressures slows down the filtration rate in renal corpuscle?
1) glomerular blood hydrostatic pressure (GBHP) 2) blood colloid osmotic pressure (BCOP) 3) capsular hydrostatic pressure (CHP) 4) all of the above 5) 2&3 |
5) 2&3
|
|
|
Which of the following reduces the GFR?
1) ADH 2) Physical activity 3) Myogenic mechanism (stretch of the arterial smooth muscle) 4) Tubuloglomerular mechanism (lack of NO) 5) All of the above |
5) All of the above
|
|
|
ANP produced by artrial myocardial cells, reduces the rate of glomerular filtration by reducing the blood pressure.
T or F? |
True
|
