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93 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Skin may be one of the most underestimated organs in the body. List six functions your skin performs while it is "just laying there".
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1. Temperature regulation 2. Protection of underlying tissues 3. Retardation of water loss 4. Housing sensory receptors 5. Synthesizing certain chemicals 6. Excreting wastes |
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The outer layer of the skin is the _______.
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The epidermis
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The inner layer of the skin is the _______.
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The dermis |
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Which layer of the skin is the thickest?
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The dermis
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What is the subcutaneous layer also called?
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The hypodermis
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Most numerous cell type, this cell produces keratin which helps to waterproof skin.
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Keratinocytes |
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This type of cell produces the pigments which give skin its color.
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Melanocytes
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The epidermis is _________, that is that it has no blood supply of its own, similar to epithelial tissue.
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Stratified squamous
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What are sweat glands also called?
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Sudoriferous glands
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If this gland's duct becomes blocked by sebum, it can lead to acne.
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Sebaceous glands
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Present in the axillary and genital areas of body and function during puberty.
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Apocrine glands
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Uncontrolled cell growth
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Cancer
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A fungus infection that invades and lives off of the dead outer layers of the skin. |
Athlete's foot |
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A sometimes hereditary, chronic condition characterized by reddened epidermal lesions covered with dry, silvery scales.
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Psoriasis
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An inflammatory condition of infected sebaceous glands.
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Acne
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Tissue injury caused by thermal, electrical, chemical or radioactive sources.
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Burns
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The layer of the skin that lacks blood vessels.
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Epidermis
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The dermis contains:
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1. Hair follicles 2. Sebaceous glands 3. Nerves |
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The color of the skin depends upon:
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1. Whether the blood within the skin is well oxygenated. 2. The number of underlying blood vessels. 3. The kind and amount of pigment. |
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Which layer of the epidermis would be gradually shed through bathing?
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Stratum corneum
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The amount of melanin produced in the skin is determined by the:
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Activity of melanocytes |
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Which epidermal layer is closest to a blood supply?
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Stratum basale
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What layer of tissue is unique to the hands and feet?
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Stratum lucidum
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The subcutaneous layer of the skin or hypodermis is located where?
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Beneath the dermis
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The dermis is composed largely of:
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Fibrous connective tissue
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The cells that produce the shaft of a hair are:
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Epithelial cells
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When the blood vessels in the dermis contract or constrict...
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Body heat is conserved
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The dermis is usually thicker than the _____.
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Epidermis
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The epidermis is composed of _______.
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Stratified squamous epithelium
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What contains sweat glands and sebaceous glands?
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The dermis |
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As cells are pushed from the deeper portion of the epidermis toward the surface...
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They tend to die
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The skin functions to:
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1. Retard water loss from deeper tissues. 2. Protect underlying organs. 3. Regulate body temperature. |
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What is a method for helping prevent pressure (decubitus) ulcer formation?
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Frequent position changes
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Epidermal cells are supplied with nutrients from blood vessels located in the ______.
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Dermis
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Pressure ulcers are usually associated with skin overlying _______.
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Bony projections
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Acne is a disorder involving the ________.
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Sebaceous glands
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In healthy skin, the production of epidermal cells is closely balanced with the loss of ______.
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Skin cells
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The outermost layer of the epidermis is the _______. |
Stratum corneum
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The innermost layer of the epidermis is the _______.
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Stratum basale
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Skin and hair color is determined by:
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Genetics and melanin
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What is responsible for "goose bumps"?
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The arrector pili muscle
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_______ is the normal response to a wound.
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Inflammation
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Oil glands
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Sebaceous glands
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The pigment produced by melanocytes.
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Melanin
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The _______ tissue of the hypodermis acts as a heat insulator.
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Adipose
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As the nail is formed it grows over and lies on the area known as the _______.
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Nail bed
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Sweat glands release their secretions through tiny ______ onto the surface of the skin.
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Pores
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A whitish, half-moon shaped area at the base of the nail, called the ________, is the growing region of the nail.
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Lunula
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The epidermis and the dermis are separated by a thin ________.
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Basement membrane
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Every hair develops from a group of ________.
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Epidermal cells |
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Every hair develops from a group of epidermal cells at the base of a tube-like depression called a ________.
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Hair follicle |
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What is responsible for giving nails their hardness?
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Keratin |
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A bundle of smooth muscle cells. |
Arrector pili muscle
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Sweat glands
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Sudoriferous glands |
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Glands that respond to body temperature. |
Epocrine and apocrine glands |
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Released in the brain that provides natural pain control. |
Endorphins |
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Blonde and red hair have this. |
Pheomelanin |
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Found in dark hair. |
Eumelanin |
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The most actively growing region of the nail root |
Lunula |
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A scar. |
Keloid |
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Tissue response to stress that causes blood vessel dilation and fluid accumulation in the affected region. |
Inflammation |
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Tissue response to stress that causes blood vessel dilation and fluid accumulation in the affected region. |
Inflammation |
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Tissue response to stress that causes blood vessel dilation and fluid accumulation in the affected region. |
Inflammation |
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A portion of the brain.
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Hypothalamus
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The subcutaneous layer.
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Hypodermis
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Respond to temperature differences.
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Thermoreceptors
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Respond to changes in pressure or movement.
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Mechanoreceptors
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Respond to light energy (rods and cones in the retina of the eyes).
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Photoreceptors
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Small fluid filled blisters that itch and sting. |
Cold Sores
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Fever blisters that are caused by herpes simples infection. |
Cold Sores
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Cancerous
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Malignant
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Non-Cancerous
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Benign
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Itching, redness, and swelling of the skin, progressing to blistering.
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Contact Dermatitis
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Caused by exposure of the skin to chemicals like poison ivy and poison oak that provoke allergic responses.
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Contact Dermatitis
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Pink, water-filled raised lesions that develop a yellow crust and eventually rupture.
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Impetigo
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Caused by a highly contagious staphylococcus infection.
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Impetigo
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An abnormal yellow skin tone usually indicates a liver disorder in which excess bile pigments are absorbed into the blood, circulated throughout the body, and deposited in body tissues.
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Jaundice
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Restriction of blood supply to the skin that results in cell death, and if severe or prolonged, ulcers.
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Decubitus ulcer
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Occurs in bedridden patients who are not turned regularly.
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Decubitus ulcer
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3rd Degree Burns |
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Least malignant and most common caner. Full cure rate in 99% of patients.
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Basal Cell Carcinoma
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Believe to be sun induced. If it is caught early and removed surgically, there is a good chance of a complete cure.
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Squamous Cell Carcinoma |
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The two sides of the pigmented spot of mole do not match. |
Asymmetry
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The borders of the lesion are not smooth but exhibit indentations.
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Border Irregularity
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The pigmented spot contains areas of different colors. |
Color
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The spot is larger than 6mm in diameter (size of a pencil eraser).
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Diameter
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What does the ABCD rule depend on?
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The subcutaneous layer.
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Hypodermis
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Result of an overly aggressive healing process that may affect mobility. Extends beyond the original injury. |
Keloid
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What are some possible treatments for keloid scars?
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Surgical removal or injections with steroids |
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Itchy fungal infection of the toes.
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Athlete's Foot
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Is composed of loose connective tissue and insulating adipose tissue. It binds the skin to underlying organs and contains the blood vessels that supply the skin. |
Subcutaneous Layer (Hypodermis)
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