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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Population |
the entire group of indivisuals from which we want information. |
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Sample |
The part of the population from which we actually collect information. We use information from a sample to draw conclusions about the entire population. |
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The first step in planning a sample survey is to say exactly what BLANK we want to describe. |
Population |
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The secound step of planning a sample survey is to say exactly what we want to BLANK that is, to give exact defubutuibs of our BLANK. |
meassure, variables |
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We reserve the term sample survey for studies that use an BLANK BLANK to choose same that represent a BLANK population. |
organized plan, specific |
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The final step in planning a sample survey is to decide gow to choose a BLANK from the BLANK |
sample, population |
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Convenience sample |
choosing indivisuals who are easiets to reach. They often produce unrepresentative data. |
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Bias |
useing a method that will consistently overestimate or underestimate the value you want known. |
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Voluntary Respinse sample |
consists of people who choose themselves by responding to a general appeal. voluntary response samples show bias because people with strong opinions are most likely to respond. |
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Simple Random Sample (SRS) |
the SRS of n consists of n indivisuals from the population choosen in such a way that every set of n indivisuals has an equal chance to be the sample actually selected. |
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Table of Random Digits (name 2 key properties) |
A table of random digits is a long string of digits 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9, with these properties -Each entry is the table is equally likely to be any of the 10 digits 0 through 9 -the entries are independent of each other. That is,knowledge of one part of the table gives no information about any other part. |
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How to choose a SRS useing Table D (Two steps) |
STEP 1 LABEL- Give each member of the population a numerical label of the same length. STEP 2 TABlE- Read consecutive groups of digits of the appropriate length from table D Your sample contains the individuals whose label you find. |
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To select a BANK first classify the populaion into groups of similar indivisuals called BLANK. The chooses a separate BLANK in each stratum and combine these SRSs to form the BLANK |
stratified random sample, strata, SRS, full sample |
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Choose the BLANK based on facts known BLANK the sample is taken. |
strata, before |
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To take a BLANK sample first divide the BLANK into BLANK groups. Ideally these BLANKS should BLANK other characteristics of the population. Then chose an BLANK of the clusters. All individuals in the chosen clusters are included in the sample. |
cluster, population, smaller. clusters. mirror, SRS |
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Clusters look just like the population but... |
on a smaller scale |
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inference |
The process of drawing conclusions about a population on the basis of sample data. |
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Results from random samples come with a BLANK the sets boundaries on the size of the likely error. |
margin of error |
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Do larger or smaller SRS give better information about the population. |
larger random samples |
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Even a large random sample will give a result that BLANKS from the BLANK about the population. |
differs, truth |
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The two main sources of errors in sample surveys are... |
sampling errors, non-samplig errors |
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Sample Frame |
a list of individuals from which we will draw our sample, should list every individual in the population. |
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undercoverage |
When some groups are left out of the process of choosing the sample. |
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Nonresponse |
Occurs when an individual choosen for the sample cant be contacted or refuses to participate. |
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In a voluntary response sample every individual has opted to take part so there won't be any BLANK |
nonresponse |
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Response Bias |
When someone gives an incorrect response |
