Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Second Great Awakening
|
Liberal religious revivals in U.S. during early 19th century a reaction against rationalism (belief in human reason) and Calvinist teachings of predestination
|
|
|
Timothy Dwight
|
President of Yale College in CT whose campus revivals motivated a generation of young men to become evangelical preachers
|
|
|
revivalism; revival (camp) meetings
|
preached all were free to be saved through faith/hard work appealing to middle class;
Baptist and Methodist preachers would travel from one location to another and attract thousands to hear dramatic outdoor preaching or camp meetings |
|
|
millenialism
|
the widespread belief that world about ot end with 2nd coming of Christ
|
|
|
Church of Latter-Day Saints;
Mormons |
Religious group founded by based on the Book of Mormon tracing conncection between Indeians and Israel, following moved from NY to OH, MI, finally IL
|
|
|
Joseph Smith; Brigham Young
|
Founder of Mormons gathered a following murdered by mob; lead Mormons to Great Salt Lake in Utah to escape persecution
|
|
|
New Zion
|
What the Mormons called their religious community established on bands of Great Salt Lake in Utah
|
|
|
romantic movement
|
movement in early 19th century in art/lit stress intuition, feelings, acts of heroism, study of nature
|
|
|
transcendentalists
|
1820-1860 small group of New England writers/reformers express romantic/idealistic themes;
look for god in nature, view organized institutions not important, supported antislavery mvmnt |
|
|
Ralph Waldo Emerson, "The American Scholar"
|
1803-1882 best-known transcendentalist argues for self-reliance, independent thinking, support anti-slavery/Union of civil war; address to Harvard urging Americans to create unique culture
|
|
|
Henry David Thoreau, Walden, "On Civil Disobedience"
|
transcendentalist, Walden about living by himself in woods to discover essential truths about life/universe from nature, advocate of nonviolent proptest
|
|
|
Brook Farm;George Ripley
|
transcendentalist community in MA lived Emerson, Margaret Fuller, Theodore Parker, Hawthorne, atmosphere of artistic creativity; Protestant Minister launched communal experiment at Brook Farm
|
|
|
Margaret Fuller
|
feminist
|
|
|
Theodore Parker
|
theologian and radical reformer
|
|
|
Shakers
|
communal movement with 6000 members in 1840s that died out-held property in common, kept men/woman separate,
|
|
|
Robert Owen; New Harmony
|
Welsh industrialist and reformer created New Harmony; Indiana secular (nonreligious) utopian socialist trying to provide answer to problems of alienation caused by Industrial Rev., experiment failed
|
|
|
Joseph Henry Noyes; Oneida community
|
started a cooperative community in Oneida, NY; dedicated to ideal of perfect social/economic equality, members share property/partners "free love", prospered by selling crafted silverware
|
|
|
Charles Fourier; phalanxes
|
French socialist; shared work/living arrangements
|
|
|
Horace Greely
|
newspaper editor interested in Fourier theories
|
|
|
George Caleb Bingham
|
painter portrayed everyday life of ordinary ppl in 1830s
|
|
|
William S. Mount
|
painter of lively rural compositions
|
|
|
Thomas Cole and Frederick Church
|
painters emphasize heroic beauty of American landscapes in dramatic scenes along Hudson Rv, NY
|
|
|
Washingtonians
|
begun in 1840 by recovering alcoholics argued alcoholism disease that needs treatment
|
|
|
Hudson River School
|
painters of Hudson Rv expressed the romantic age's faschination w/ natural world
|
|
|
Washington Irving
|
wrote fiction using American settings
|
|
|
James Fenimore Cooper
|
wrote fiction using American settings such as the Leatherstocking Tales
|
|
|
temperance
|
alcohol targeted as cause of social ills, most popular reform movements
|
|
|
American Temperance Society
|
1826 founded by Protestant ministers tried to persuades Americans to take vow of alcohol abstinence
|
|
|
Women's Christian Temperance Union
|
help gain strength for temperance in 1870s
|
|
|
asylum movement
|
proposed setting up new public institutions to cure inmates of antisocial behavior treated to disciplined pattern of life in rural setting
|
|
|
Dorthea Dix
|
dedicated life to improving conditions of mental hospitals
|
|
|
Thomas Gallaudet
|
founded a school for the deaf
|
|
|
Dr. Samuel Gridly Howe
|
founded a school for the blind
|
|
|
penitentiaries
|
experiment of new prisons erected in PA place prisoners in solitary confinement dropped b/c high suicide rate
|
|
|
Auburn system
|
NY experiment enforced rigud discipline/moral instruction/work programs for prisoners
|
|
|
Horace Mann
|
leading advocate of public school movement, secretrary on newly founded MA Board of Education
|
|
|
McGuffey readers
|
used in schools to instill virtues of hard work, punctuality, sobriety-behavior needed in emerging Industrial society
|
|
|
Mt. Holyoke College; Mary Lyon; Oberlin College
|
Mary Lyon founded Mt. Hollyoke College in MA in 1837 which admitted women along with Oberlin College in OH
|
|
|
Sarah Grimke; Angelina Grimke' Letter on the Condition of Women and the Equality of the Sexes
|
Sisters objected to male opposition to their antislavery activities; Sarah writes Letteron the Condition of Women and the Equality of the Sexes
|
|
|
Lucretia Mott; Elizabeth Cady Stanton
|
began campaigning for women's right after barred from speaking at antislavery convention
|
|
|
Seneca Falls Convention
|
1848 leading feminists meet at Seneca Falls, NY being 1st womens right convention in US History
|
|
|
Susan B. Anthony
|
leads campaign for equal voting, legal, and property rights for women
|
|
|
American Colonization Society
|
founded 1817 established with idea of transporting freed slaves to colony- African American society in Monrovia, Liberia in 1822
|
|
|
American Antislavery Society
|
founded in 1833 by William Llyod Garrison and other abolitionists
|
|
|
William Llyod Garrison; The Liberator
|
began publication of abolitionist newspaper, founded American Antislavery Society; abolitionist newspaper
|
|
|
Libery party
|
pledge to end slavery by political and legal means
|
|
|
Frederick Douglass; The North Star
|
former slave advocated political/direct action to end slavery and racial prejudice; 1847 antislavery journal published by Douglass
|
|
|
Harriet Tubman, David Ruggles, Sojourner Truth, William Still
|
helped organize effor to assist fugitive slaves escape to free territory in North/Canada where slavery prohibited
|
|
|
David Walker, Henry Highland Garnet
|
northern blacks who advocated slaves should take action by rising up in revolt against their "masters"
|
|
|
Nat Turner
|
Virginia slave led revolt killing 55 whites, blacks killed in retaliation
|
|
|
American Peace Society
|
founded with objective of abolishing war
|
|
|
Sylvester Graham
|
crackers promote good digestion
|
|
|
Amelia Bloomer
|
reform to wear Amelia Bloomer's pantalettes instead of long skirts
|
