Ap Psychology Vocab 1

Front 1

Empiricism

Back 1

The view that knowledge comes from experience; believes that science should rely on observation and experimentation

Front 2

Structuralism

Back 2

An early school of psychology that used introspection to explore structural elements of the mind

Front 3

Functionalism

Back 3

A school of psychology that focuses on how mental and behavioral processes function and how we adapt, survive, flourish

Front 4

Experimental Psychology

Back 4

The study of the experimental method; studies behavior and thinking

Front 5

Behaviorism

Back 5

The view that psychology should be an objective science that studies behavior without reference to mental processes

Front 6

Humanistic Psychology

Back 6

Perspective that emphasizes the growth potential of healthy people and an individual's potential for personal growth

Front 7

Cognitive Neuroscience

Back 7

Interdiciplinary study of brain activity linked with cognition which includes perception, thinking, memory, language

Front 8

Psychology

Back 8

Science of behavior and mental processes

Front 9

Nature vs Nurture

Back 9

Genes vs experience develop psychological traits and behaviors

Front 10

Natural Selection

Back 10

Those successfully contributing to reproduction and survival will pass on genes

Front 11

Levels of Analysis

Back 11

Complementary views that analyze a given phenomenon

Front 12

Biopsychosocial Approach

Back 12

Biological, psychological, and social-cultural levels of analysis are integrated

Front 13

Biological Psychology

Back 13

A branch of psychology that studies the links between biological and psychological processes

Front 14

Evolutionary Psychology

Back 14

The study of roots of behavior and mental processes from natural selection

Front 15

Psychodynamic Psychology

Back 15

A branch of psychology that studies how unconscious drives and conflicts influence behavior; treats people with psychological disorders

Front 16

Behavioral Psychology

Back 16

The study of observable behavior and its explanation by principles of learning

Front 17

Cognitive Psychology

Back 17

The study of mental processes such as thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating

Front 18

Social-Cultural Psychology

Back 18

The study of how situations and cultures affect our behavior and thinking

Front 19

Psychometrics

Back 19

The study of the measurement of human abilities, attitudes, and traits

Front 20

Developmental Psychology

Back 20

The study of physical, cognitive, and social change through a life

Front 21

Educational Psychology

Back 21

The study of how psychological processes affect teaching and learning

Front 22

Personality Psychology

Back 22

The study of an individual's pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting

Front 23

Social Psychology

Back 23

The study of how we think, influence, and relate to each other

Front 24

Basic Research

Back 24

Increases scientific knowledge

Front 25

Applied Research

Back 25

Solves practical problems

Front 26

Induatrial-Organizational Psychology

Back 26

Application of psychological concepts and methods to optimize behavior in the workspace

Front 27

Human Factors Psychology

Back 27

The study of how people and machines interact

Front 28

Counseling Psychology

Back 28

Branch of psychology that helps people to achieve a greater well-being

Front 29

Clinical Psychology

Back 29

Branch of psychology that studies, assesses, and treats people with psychological disorders

Front 30

Psychiatry

Back 30

Branch of medicine dealing with psychological disorders

Front 31

Hindsight Bias

Back 31

Tendency to believe that one would have forseen it (after learning the outcome); "I knew it all along phenomenon"

Front 32

Critical Thinking

Back 32

Thinking that does not blindly accept arguments and conclusions; examines assumptions, evaluates evidence, and assesses conclusions

Front 33

Operational Definition

Back 33

Defines research variables

Front 34

Case Study

Back 34

Observation technique where a subject is studied in depth

Front 35

Survey

Back 35

Technique for gathering information from a random sample of a group

Front 36

Random Sample

Back 36

Fairly represents a population; each member has an equal chance of inclusion

Front 37

Naturalistic Observation

Back 37

Observation that does not manipulate or control the situation

Front 38

Correlation Coefficient

Back 38

From -1 to +1

Front 39

Illusionary Correlation

Back 39

Perception of a relationship where one does not exist

Front 40

Random Assignment

Back 40

Assigns participants to experimental or control groups by chance

Front 41

Double-Blind Procedure

Back 41

Procedure where both the participants and the researchers are ignorant to which group has the placebo

Front 42

Experimental Group

Back 42

The group that is given the treatment

Front 43

Control Group

Back 43

Group that does not recieve treatment

Front 44

Independent Variable

Back 44

The factor that is changed

Front 45

Dependent Variable

Back 45

Changes in response to a change in the independent variable

Front 46

Confounding Variable

Back 46

A factor other than the independent variable that may produce an effect

Front 47

Culture

Back 47

Enduring behaviors, ideas, attitudes, and traditions shared between a group of people

Front 48

Informed Consent

Back 48

The participants are told enough to chose whether they wish to participate in the experiment or not

Front 49

Debriefing

Back 49

Postexperimental explanation of the study to the participants

Front 50

Normal Curve

Back 50

Bell shaped curve