Ap Psychology Unit 14

Front 1

psychotherapy

Back 1

a trained therapist uses psychological techniques to assist someone seeking to overcome difficulties or achieve personal growth

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Biomedical therapy

Back 2

a prescribed medication or medical procedure that acts directly on the patients nervous system

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eclectic approach

Back 3

an approach to psychotherapy that depending on the clients problems uses techniques from various forms of therapy

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Physchoanalysis

Back 4

sigmund Freud therapeutic technique. Freud believed the patients free associations, resistance, dreams, and transferences - and the therapists interpretation of them- released previously repressed feelings, allowing the patient to gain self-insight.

aimed to make a person healthier and less anxious by releasing energy devoted to the id-eg-superego conflicts

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Reisistance

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in psychoanalysis the blocking from consciousness of anxiety latent material

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Interpretation

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in psychoanalysis the analysis noting supposed dream meaning resistances and other significant behaviors and event in order to promote insight

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transference

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in psychoanalysis the patient's transfer to the analyst of emotions linked with other relationships ( such as love or hatred for a parent)

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psychodynamic therapists

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try to understand a patients current symptoms by focusing on themes across important relationships, including childhood experiences and therapist relationships. They also help the person explore and gain perspective on defended-against thoughts and feelings


therapy deriving from the psychoanalytic tradition that views individuals as responding to unconscious forces and childhood experiences, and that seeks to enhance self-insight.

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Interpersonal psychotherapy

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a brief 12-16 session variation of psychodynamics therapy has been effective for depression

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Insight therapies

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a variety of therapies that aim to improve psychological functioning by increasing the client's awareness of underlying motives and defenses

Humanistic therapy- want to boost self-fulfillment and help people grow in self awareness and self-acceptance

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Client-Centered therapy

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developed by carl rogers, in which a therapist uses techniques such as active listening within a genuine accepting empathic environment to facilitate clients growth

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Active Listening

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empathic listening in which the listener echoes, restates and clarifies

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Unconditional positive regard

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a caring accepting nonjudgemental attitude which carl rogers believed would help clients to develop self-awareness and self-acceptance

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Behavior Therapy

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therapy that applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors

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CounterConditioning

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a behavior therapy procedure that uses classical conditioning to evoke new responses to stimuli that are triggering unwanted behaviors, includes exposure therapies and aversive conditioning

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Exposure Therapies

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behavior technique such as systematic desensitization that treat anxieties by exposing people ( in imagination or actuality) to the things they avoid and fear

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systematic desenstization

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a type of exposure therapy that associates a pleasant relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety triggering stimuli, usually to treat phobias

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Progressive relaxation

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relaxing one muscle group after another to achieve a drowsy state of complete relaxation and comfort

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Virtual reality exposure therapy

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an anxiety treatment that progressively exposes people to simulations of their greatest fears, such as flying, spiders, or public speaking

- displays a 3-D virtual world

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aversive conditioning

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A type of counter conditioning that associates an unpleasant state (nausea) with an unwanted behavior (drinking alcohol)

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behavior modification

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reinforcing desired behavior and withholding reinforcement or enacting punishment for undesired behavior

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Token Economy

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an operant conditioning procedure in which people earn a token of some sort for exhibiting a desired behavior and can later exchange the token for various privileges or treats

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cognitive therapies

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Therapy that teaches people new, more adaptive ways of thinking and acting;based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions

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stress inoculation training

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teaching people to restructure their thinking in stressful situations

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Congnitive-Behavioral Therapy

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a popular integrative therapy that combines cognitive therapy ( changing self-defeating thinking) with behavior therapy (changing behavior)

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Family therapy

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therapy that treats the family as a system. View as individual's unwanted behaviors as influenced by, or directed at, other family members

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regression towards the mean

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the tendency for extreme or unusual scores to fall back (regress) towards their average

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Meta-analysis

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a procedure for statistically combining the results of many different research studies

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evidence-based practice

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clinical decision-making that integrates the best available research with clinical expertise and patient characteristics and preferenes

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EMDR (eye movement desensitization and reprocessing)

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moving eyes sporadically can decrease stress

has no scientific proof

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therapeutic alliance

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the emotional bond between therapist and client

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biomedical therapy

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physically changing the brains functioning by altering its chemistry with drugs or affecting its circuitry with electroconvulsive shock, magnetic impulses, or psychosurgery.

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psychopharmacology

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the study of drug effects on mind and behavior

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antipsychotic drugs

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dampen responsiveness to irrelevant stimuli

- help schizophrenia with positive symptoms

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tardive dyskinesia

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involuntary movement of the facial muscles tongue and limbs a possible effect of taking antipsychotic drugs for extended periods of time

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antianxiety drugs

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Xanax or Ativan, Depress central nervous system

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Antidepressant drugs

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drugs used to treat depression , also increasingly prescribed for anxiety . different types work by altering the availability of various neurotransmitters

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neurogenisis

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the birth of new brain cells perhaps reversing stress-induced loss of neurons

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Electroconvulsive therapy

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a biomedical therapy for severely depressed patients in which a brief electric current is sent through the brain of an anesthetized patient

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Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

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the application of repeated pulses of magnetic energy to the brain, used to stimulate or suppress brain activity

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psychosurgery

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surgery that removes or destroys brain tissue in an effort to change behavior

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Lobotomy

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a now rare psychosurgical procedure once used to calm uncontrollably emotional or violent patients. The procedure cuts the nerves connecting the frontal lobes to the emotion-controlling centers of the inner brain.

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resilience

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the personal strength that helps most people cope with stress and recover from adversity and even trauma.