Ap Psych Scientists/people

Front 1

Frances Galton

Back 1

Believed personality and human traits are inherited.

Hint 1

You're smart because your mom is smart

Front 2

Charles Darwin

Back 2

Came up with the theory of evolution

Front 3

William Wundt

Back 3

Intro-spection psychology became a scientific study of conscious experience rather than science; he's the father of modern psychology; structuralism was the approach, introspection was the methodology

Hint 3

First to set up scientific psych lab in Germany

Front 4

Alfred Adler

Back 4

neo-freudian; indvidual psychology, creative self, inferiority complex, drive for superiority

Hint 4

neo-freudian

Front 5

John B. Watson

Back 5

founder of behaviorism, classical conditioning, generalization

Hint 5

Little Albert experiment. Think of his middle initial

Front 6

Carl Jung

Back 6

disciple of Freud; believed in collective and personal unconscious and archetypes; coined introversion and extroversion

Hint 6

Neo-freudian

Front 7

Gordon Allport

Back 7

Hierarchy of traits; Believed there were 3 levels of traits: cardinal, central, secondary

Hint 7

personality

Front 8

Albert Ellis

Back 8

Father of rational emotive therapy

Hint 8

i.e. "Im killing myself because my boyfriend dumped me"

Front 9

Albert Maslow

Back 9

Humanist psychologist; Hierarchy of needs

Hint 9

Partner was Carl Rogers

ex., Everyone has potential

Front 10

Carl Rogers

Back 10

Also important humanist psychologist who believed in unconditional positive regard and conditional regard

Hint 10

i.e. "I will love you uncondtionally"

Front 11

B.F. Skinner

Back 11

came up with operant conditioning

Hint 11

i.e Skinner Box

Front 12

Ivan Pavlov

Back 12

Father of classical conditioning

Hint 12

Bell and dog experiment

Front 13

Noam Chomksy

Back 13

believed there are infinite number of sentences in a language and that humans have innate ability to develop language; words and concepts are learned but brain is hardwired for grammar and language

Hint 13

language

Front 14

Jean Piaget

Back 14

Four-state theory of cognitive development-sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational; two basic processes (assimilation and accomodation) work to achieve cognitive growth

Hint 14

Child development of thinking

Front 15

Erik Erikson

Back 15

People evolve through 8 states over the life span; each state is marked by psychological crisis that involves confronting who "I am"

Hint 15

Finding yourself

Front 16

Lawrence Kohlberg

Back 16

his theory states there are 3 levels of moral reasoning : preconventional, conventional,post conventional

Hint 16

right and wrong

Front 17

Carol Gilligan

Back 17

Maintained kohlberg's laws were only directed towards men and there are differences in moral development of women

Hint 17

Believed Kohlberg is sexist

Front 18

Hans Eysenk

Back 18

personality is determined to a large extent by genes; used the terms extroversion and introversion.

Hint 18

personality from a bio perspective

Front 19

Stanley Schacter

Back 19

Believed that to experience emotions one must be physically aroused and then label the arousal

Hint 19

schacter factor

Front 20

Mary Cover Jones

Back 20

systemic desensitization; maintained that ear could be unlearned; little peter experiment

Hint 20

way to treat phobia

Front 21

Benjamin Whorf

Back 21

his hypothesis is that language determines the way we think

Hint 21

Look at the way japanese think and compare it to their language

Front 22

Robert Sternberg

Back 22

triarchic theory of intelligence: academic problem solving intelligence, practical intelligence, creative intelligence

Hint 22

3 types of intelligence

Front 23

Howard Garner

Back 23

Theory of multiple intelligences

Hint 23

x intelligence

Front 24

Albert Bandura

Back 24

Observational learning, social learning theory

Hint 24

BoBo doll

Front 25

E.L. thorndike

Back 25

Law of effect

Hint 25

if a kid is given a dollar for each good grade he gets, he'll be likely to keep getting good grades

Front 26

Alfred Binet

Back 26

general I.Q. tests

Hint 26

people think a high number on this means they are smart

Front 27

Lewis Terman

Back 27

revised Binet's IQ test and established norms for American children

Hint 27

knowledge test for children

Front 28

David Weschler

Back 28

established an intelligence test especially for adults

Hint 28

knowledge tests specifically for adults

Front 29

Charles Spearman

Back 29

specific mental talents highly correlated; concluded all cognitive abilities showed a common score which he labeled g for general ability

Hint 29

i.e. "if you creative, then you are smart"

Front 30

H. Rorschach

Back 30

developed first projective test called the inkblot test.

Hint 30

putting paint on a paper and folding it over on the other side

Front 31

Philip Zimbardo

Back 31

famous for Stanford Prison experiment to study power of social roles and behavior

Hint 31

Cops vs inmates

Front 32

David Rosenhan

Back 32

conducted a hospital experiment to test the diagnosis that hospitals make on patients; proved once you're diagnosed with a mental disorder your care would not be very good in a mental hospital setting

Hint 32

care of mental patients

Front 33

Solomon Asch

Back 33

studied conformity; experiment where subject is asked which line is longer and fake subjects purposely chose wrong answer to see if subject will eventually conform

Hint 33

Line experiment

Front 34

Stanley Milgram

Back 34

studied obedience; Shock experiment where subject believes they are shocking the person on the other side of the wall

Hint 34

listening to authoritative figures

Front 35

Harry Harlow

Back 35

studied theory of attachment with baby Rhesus monkey; comfort-contact vs food

Hint 35

think about how babies react when you take them away from their mothers

Front 36

Sigmund Freud

Back 36

psychoanalytic/psychodynamic theory; unconscious, id, ego, superego; psychosexual stages of development

Hint 36

sex and aggression

Front 37

Karen Horneye

Back 37

criticized Freud; said that personality is continually modeled by current fears and impulses

Hint 37

neo-freudian who challenged freud's look on childhood unconscious and personality

Front 38

Martin Seligman

Back 38

learned helplessness is the giving up reaction from experience

Hint 38

I can't pass this test and there's nothing to do about it!

Front 39

H. Ebbinghaus

Back 39

first to conduct scientific studies on memory and forgetting; learning curves

Hint 39

"back in my day..."

"oh no I forgot to do my homework!"

Front 40

Hubel/Wisel

Back 40

did a study of the activities of neurons and visual cortex

Hint 40

brain related

Front 41

Walter B Cannon

Back 41

believed that gastric activity in an empty stomach was the sole reason for hunger; inserted ballon in his partner's stomach

Hint 41

ballon in stomach

Front 42

Ernst Weber

Back 42

Pioneered the first study on just noticeable difference which became Weber's law

Hint 42

teaspoon of sugar in a gallon of water

Front 43

Elizabeth Kubler-Ross

Back 43

theory that terminally ill pass through sequence of five stages: denial, anger/resentment, bargaining, depression, acceptance

Hint 43

what do cancer patients think when diagnosed

Front 44

Robert Zajonc

Back 44

mere exposure effect; it is possible to have preferences without inferences and to feel without knowing why

Front 45

Henry Murray

Back 45

Thematic Appreciation Test

Front 46

David McClelland

Back 46

Developed scoring system for TAT for Henry Murray

Hint 46

helped Henry Murray

Front 47

Paul Eckman

Back 47

theory that facial expressions are universal

Hint 47

everyone knows what a smile is