Ap Psych Review

Front 1

Nature-nurture

Back 1

Genes (nature) and experience (nurture) makes development of ¥ traits and behaviors

Front 2

Stability vs. Change

Back 2

Our individual traits, change over age, situations etc..

Front 3

Rationality vs. Irrationality

Back 3

Are we in control of our behaviors?

Front 4

Basic Research

Back 4

Pure experimental research aims for scientific knowledge base.

Front 5

Applied Research

Back 5

Research to solve practical problems

Front 6

Case Study

Back 6

A descriptive technique one person is studied in depth to reveal universal principles

Front 7

Naturalistic Observation

Back 7

Observing & recording behavior in natural occuring situations without controling/manipulating the situation.

Front 8

Survey

Back 8

Self-reported attitudes or behaviors of people, usually questioning a representative. Random sample of them

Front 9

Population

Back 9

All of the people in a particular group, a sample may be drawn

Front 10

Random Sample

Back 10

Each person has an equal chance of being selected. Increases generalization (external validity) of study

Front 11

Generalizability

Back 11

Results of study can be applied to outside world. Also called External Validity

Front 12

False Consensus Effect

Back 12

Overestimate the extent to which others share our beliefs and behaviors.

Front 13

Social Desirability Bias

Back 13

Subjects to presebt themselves in a socially desirable light

Front 14

Independent V.

Back 14

Factor that is manipulated

Front 15

Dependent V.

Back 15

The factor that is being measured. The variable that is predicted to change.

Front 16

Operational Definitions

Back 16

Specific statements describing how the IV is manipulated and how the DV is being measured.

Front 17

Random Assingment

Back 17

Assigning participants to groups by chance, minimizing differences between groups

Front 18

Placebo

Back 18

Substance given to control group in place of an actual medication

Front 19

Placebo Effect

Back 19

Experimental results caused by the subjects expectations alone.

Front 20

Double-Blind Design

Back 20

Both the researchers and participants are ignorant (blind) about who is in experimental & in control group

Front 21

Soma

Back 21

Contains nucleas and support systems

Front 22

Dendrites

Back 22

Tree-like branches that receive information from other neurons

Front 23

Axon

Back 23

Long fiber that passes info to other neurons

Front 24

Myelin

Back 24

Fatty substance on some axons. Speeds up neural transmitters

Front 25

Terminal Branches of Axon

Back 25

Form junctions with other cells and contain synaptic vesicles

Front 26

Synaptic vesicles

Back 26

Sac-like structures that contain neurotransmitters

Front 27

Synapse

Back 27

Tiny gap between sending and receiving neurons

Front 28

Neural Networks

Back 28

Clusters of neurons that work together and become strengthen with use.

Front 29

Resting Potential

Back 29

Neuron is at rest, and is polarized. The cell is negative.

Front 30

Action Potential

Back 30

The neuron has fired. All-or-nothing response. Cell becomes depolarized.

Front 31

Refractory period

Back 31

Fir 1/1000 of sec, neuron cant fire again

Front 32

Reuptake

Back 32

Neurotransmitters are reabsorbed by the sending neuron. Recycled.

Front 33

Dopamine

Back 33

Involved in learning, attention and emotion. More = schizophrenia. Less = parkinson's disease

Front 34

Serotonin

Back 34

Mood, hunger, sleep and arousal. Less = depression. More = anorexia.

Front 35

Acetylcholine (Ach)

Back 35

Less is Alzheimers disease

Front 36

Norepinephrine

Back 36

Less is Depression. More is manic symptoms

Front 37

GABA gamma-aminobutytic acid)

Back 37

Less is Tremors, seizures, and insomia. Alcohol increases GABA

Front 38

Glutamate

Back 38

More is Migraines