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9 Cards in this Set
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critic of the medical model.
abnormal behavior usually involves a deviation from social norms - not illness. such deviations are 'problems in living', not medical problems |
Thomas Szasz
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1973 - He and 7 friends went to mental hospital admissions offices, complained of hearing voices saying 'empty, hollow, and thud'. all given diagnostic tests, diagnosed as mentally ill. all misdiagnosed.
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David Rosenhan - "Labeling"
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Cognitive therapy-
rational emotive therapy People hold irrational ideas about themselves. they awfulize and 'should' on themselves tough therapy to go through |
Albert Ellis - RET
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Brain anatomy - schizophrenia involves problems w/ several brain regions + their interconnections, not a single abnormality
Due to prenatal development: connected to low birth weight and birth complications Thalmus is smaller than normal - attributes to their inability to filter sensory input |
Nancy Andreasen - Cause of Schizophrenia
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People who feel helpless and oppressed often percieve control as external. Feel out of control, helpless, hopeless and depressed.
'passive resignation' |
Martin Seligman - Learned Helplessness
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saw children as individuals; not little adults.
believed children go through stages of cognitive development. driving force behind progression is increasing struggle to make sense of our environment. preoperational stage - too young to form mental operations conservation - properties such as mass and volume stay the same despite changes in form of the object egocentrism - inability of the preoperational child to take another point of view |
Jean Piaget - Child Development
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Some babies seem more disposed to form secure attachments.
Sensitive, responsive mothers - those who noticed what their babies were doing and responded appropriately had infants who usually became securely attached. insensitive, unresponsive mothers who attended to their babies when they felt like it and ignored them at other times had infants who were insecurely attached. |
Mary Ainswort - Attachment Theory
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Humans (and monkeys) become attached to parents who are soft and warm who feed and rock and pat and hug.
One person providing safe haven for another when distressed and a secure base from which to explore the world. we need contact comfort to grow and thrive. |
Harry Harlow - Contact Comfort
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The 'normal struggle' to create one's separate identity describes individualistic males more than relationship-oriented females.
Gilligan believes females differ from males both in being less concerned with viewing themselves as separate individuals and in being more concerned with 'making connections' |
Carol Gilligan - Gender and Social Connectiveness
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