Ap Psych Disorders Chapter 12

Front 1

abnormal behavior

Back 1

behavior that is judged to be atypical, disturbing, maladaptive, and unjustifiable

Front 2

biological perspective (medical model)

Back 2

abnormal behavior that has a biochemical or physiological bias

Front 3

diathesis-stress model

Back 3

people biologically or genetically predisposed to a disorder can develop that disorder when exposed to stress

Front 4

psychoanalytic model

Back 4

abnormal behavior is a result of unconscious conflicts

Front 5

behavioral model

Back 5

abnormal behavior is a result of faulty learning

Front 6

cognitive model

Back 6

abnormal behavior is a result or irrational or maladaptive way of thinking

Front 7

anxiety disorders

Back 7

generalized anxiety, panic disorder, OCD, PTSD, social phobia, specific phobia, agoraphobia

Front 8

generalized anxiety disorder

Back 8

continual tenseness and nervousness

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panic disorder

Back 9

intense fear or terror that seems to come "out of the blue"

Front 10

OCD

Back 10

person is compelled to think disturbing thoughts (obsessions) and perform senseless rituals (compulsions)

Front 11

PTSD

Back 11

anxiety and nightmares that result from some disturbing incident from the past

Front 12

social phobia

Back 12

irrational fear and avoidance of a specific situation (ex: public speaking)

Front 13

specific phobia

Back 13

irrational fear and avoidance of a specific object (ex: snakes, heights, spiders)

Front 14

agoraphobia

Back 14

fear of leaving home or being in tight spaces/ fear of panic attack outside of safety

Front 15

what does the behavioral model include?

Back 15

classical conditioning, operant conditioning, generalization, and observational learning

Front 16

what does the biological model include?

Back 16

evolution, genetics, and physiology

Front 17

what does the psychoanalytic model include?

Back 17

anxiety is a result of repressed impulses that begin to come into consciousness

Front 18

somatoform disorders

Back 18

somatization, conversion, hypochondria

Front 19

somatization disorder

Back 19

vague, recurring physical symptoms for which no medical cause can be found

Front 20

conversion disorder

Back 20

specific and dramatic physical disability for which no medical cause can be found (ex: blindness)

Front 21

hypochondriac

Back 21

small and insignificant symptoms are interpreted as signs of serious illness

Front 22

dissociative disorders

Back 22

dissociative amnesia, DID, depressed, mania, bipolar

Front 23

dissociative amnesia

Back 23

selective memory loss often brought about by severe stress

Front 24

dissoactiative identity disorder (DID)

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multiple personality disorder, more than one personality seems to be present in a signal individual

Front 25

major depressive disorder (depression)

Back 25

two or more weeks during which a person experiences 5 symptoms over sadnes, apathy, worthlesness, and guilt

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mania

Back 26

state in which a person is overly excited, hyperactive, and optimistic

Front 27

bipolar

Back 27

the person alternates between periods of depression and mania

Front 28

personality disorders

Back 28

schizoid, paranoid, narcissistic, antisocial, borderline

Front 29

schizoid

Back 29

withdrawn, lacks feelings for others

Front 30

paranoid

Back 30

innapropriatley suspicious and mistrustful of others

Front 31

narcissistic

Back 31

exaggerated sense of self importance and need for constant attention

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antisocial

Back 32

violent, criminal, or unethical behavior due to lack of conscious

Front 33

borderline

Back 33

instability in mood, self image, and personal relationships, suicidal threats

Front 34

disturbances in thought

Back 34

communication, emotions, and perceptions. includes hallucinations, delusions, and positive/negative symptoms

Front 35

hallucinations

Back 35

false sensory perceptions

Front 36

delusions

Back 36

false beliefs about reality

Front 37

positive symptoms

Back 37

incoherent speech, hallucinations, delusions, "strange" behavior

Front 38

negative symptoms

Back 38

motionless, stupor, lack of emotion, flat tone of voice

Front 39

subtypes of schizophrenia

Back 39

disorganized, catatonic, paranoid, undifferentiated

Front 40

disorganized

Back 40

bizzare speech and behavior

Front 41

catatonic

Back 41

disturbed motor behavior, immobility of excessive movement. mimicking of others speech and movements

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paranoid

Back 42

excessive suspiciousness and complex bizarre delusions

Front 43

undifferentiated

Back 43

symptoms from more than one of the other categories

Front 44

acute development (reactive)

Back 44

sudden onsent-best prognosis

Front 45

chronic development (process)

Back 45

slower development over a long period of time-worse prognosis

Front 46

how do you explain schizophrenia in the brain?

Back 46

large ventricles and shrinkage of cerebral tissue

Front 47

how do you explain schizophrenia in genetics?

Back 47

more common in people with a close relative who has the disorder, concordance in identical twins

Front 48

how do you explain schizophrenia in biochemical?

Back 48

too many dopamine receptors in the brain

Front 49

t/f: insanity is a psychological term

Back 49

false. it is NOT

Front 50

GABA

Back 50

major inhibitory neurotransmitter, linked to OCD

Front 51

cognitive misinterpretation

Back 51

irrational thinking

Front 52

benzodiazepines

Back 52

mild tranquilizer

Front 53

SSRI

Back 53

selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors

Front 54

disorganized thinking

Back 54

delusions happen here. results from a breakdown in selective attention and they are very distracted

Front 55

distorted perceptions

Back 55

hallucinations happen her. in other words, voices are talking in peoples head. the unreal seems real

Front 56

innapropriate emotions and actions

Back 56

you may laugh at things that arent funny, cry when others laugh, and become angry for no apparent reason.

Front 57

loss of sense of self

Back 57

schizophrenia shows extreme loss of self-awareness

Front 58

psychomotor behavior

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totally unaware of outside environment, repeated movements, rocking, stiffness

Front 59

prodromal phase of schizphrenia

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behaviors leading up to a psychotic episode. increased social withdrawal, impairment of daily functioning, deteriaration of normal behavior

Front 60

active phase of schizophrenia

Back 60

acutely disturbed. psychotic episode, hallucinations, delusional, illogical, out of touch with reality, bizaare behaviors

Front 61

residual phase of schizophrenia

Back 61

may still have some symptoms, not functioning normally just yet, "hangover affect"

Front 62

prenatal factors of developing schizophrenia

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being born in densley populated areas where diseases spread more rapidly, having influenza while pregnant, and giving birth after the fall/winter flu season

Front 63

three clusters of personality disorders

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odd-ecentric cluster, anxious-fearful cluster, dramatic-impulsive cluster

Front 64

odd ecentric cluster

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involves some form of discomfort or suspicison about other people. includes schizoid PD, schizotypal PD, and paranoid PD

Front 65

anxious fearful cluster

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tendency to hold feelings in. includes avoidant PD, dependent PD, and OCD PD.

Front 66

dependent PD

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needy, totally dependent on others, can't make decisions for themselves

Front 67

dramatic impulsive

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involved failure to conform to social norms. includes histrionic, narcissistic, borderline, and antisocial

Front 68

histronic PD

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immature, attention seeking, over-react, appearance focused

Front 69

L.I.E.

Back 69

L= lifelong patterns

I= inflexible

E= extreme

general characteristics of PD

Front 70

T/F: antipsychotic drugs are used to treat schizophrenia

Back 70

true.

Front 71

what kind of meds are used to treat anxiety disorders

Back 71

anti-depressants like benzodiazepines, lorazapam

Front 72

what kind of meds are used to treat depression

Back 72

anti-depressants

Front 73

what medicine is used to treat bipolar disorder?

Back 73

lithium

Front 74

what medicine is used to treat ADHD

Back 74

stimulants such as ritalin, adderal, concerta, ect

Front 75

psychiatrist

Back 75

medical doctor specializing in the treatment of diseases of the brain affecting mental health. can prescribe medication

Front 76

clinical psychologist

Back 76

provides therapy for mental illness. cannot prescribe medication

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counselor

Back 77

licensed to practice psychotherapy

Front 78

types of treatment for PD

Back 78

psychoanalytic/psychodynamic, behaviorisim, aversion, counter conditioning, cognitive, cognitive behavioral, group, family, humanism, biomedical

Front 79

psychoanalytic/psychodynamic

Back 79

sigmund freud, focus is on uncovering unconscious internal conflict

Front 80

behaviorisim

Back 80

built on the principle that the behavior is the problem. uses classical and operant conditioning to atler behaviors

Front 81

token economies (behaviorisim)

Back 81

training for appropriate social behaviors. give someone a poker chip for doing good behaviors, tokens can then be traded in for something truly reinforcing, client associates behavior and pleasent consequence

Front 82

operant conditoning

Back 82

voluntary behaviors come to be controlled by consequences

Front 83

classical conditioning

Back 83

replacing undesirable pleasant consequence with unpleasent consequence. ex: icecream with hair on it

Front 84

aversion therapy

Back 84

based on classical conditioning, used to treat alcholisim. ex: smoke so much that you puke

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counter conditioning

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exposure therapy, systematic desnsitizastion, graual exposure, flooding

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exposure therapy

Back 86

replacing one undesirable respones with another more pleasent one

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mary cover jones

Back 87

young boy and rabbits. used food to "counter" anxiety

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systemtaic desensitization

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joseph wolfe, combination of teaching relazation, visualization of hierarchy, and gradual exposure

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flooding

Back 89

intense exposure to actual anxiety inducing situation

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cogntive therapies

Back 90

thinking affects our behaviors

Front 91

negative explanatory style

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expect events to be bad and to negativley affect ones entire life. martin seligman

Front 92

cogntive behavioral therapy

Back 92

combine behavior therapy with cogntive therapy, focus on recognizing and changing the faulty beliefs behind the behaviors and altering them

Front 93

group therapies

Back 93

reassurance that others have similiar problems

Front 94

family therapy

Back 94

belief that each family member is part of a web. focus on each individuals contributions

Front 95

humanisim

Back 95

carl rogers. self concept between real and ideal self is incongruent.

Front 96

biomedical therapy

Back 96

focus on physical interventions. drug therapy and surgery