Ap Psych Bio

Front 1

ACh

Back 1

Acetylcholine- the most common neurotransmitter. It's found throughout the nervous system, and is involved in movement. It is thought to be related to memory, and a deficiency of acetylcholine is associated with Alzheimer's. It is excitatory.

Front 2

GABA

Back 2

Gamma-amino butyric acid- found in the brain and spinal cord. It's the main inhibitory transmitter, and moderates a variety of behaviors, from eating to aggression. Alcohol and valium increase its effects.

Front 3

DA

Back 3

Dopamine- found in the brain, an inhibitory neruotransmitter. Parkinson's seems to be caused of dope deficiency. Too much dope can cause schizophrenia

Front 4

ATP

Back 4

Adenosine triphosphate- found throughout nervous system, and is excitatory.It is associated with memory.

Front 5

Endorphins

Back 5

Found in the spinal cord and brain, it's mostly inhibitory. Makes people feel happy.

Front 6

Central Nervous System

Back 6

Includes the brain and the spinal cord

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Spinal cord

Back 7

Contains a bundle of nerves running along the spine, carrying messages between the brain and the body. Controls reflexes.

Front 8

Sensory Neurons

Back 8

One of the type of neurons involved in reflexes. Send messages from body to central nervous system.

Front 9

Motor Neurons

Back 9

One of the type of neurons involved in reflexes. Sends messages from spinal cord to muscles and glands.

Front 10

Interneurons

Back 10

One of the type of neurons involved in reflexes. Transmits info between sensory and motor neurons.

Front 11

Peripheral Nervous System

Back 11

All parts of the nervous system except for the brain and the spinal cord.

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Somatic division

Back 12

Part of the peripheral nervous system that controls the body's voluntary actions.

Front 13

Autonomic division

Back 13

Part of the peripheral nervous system that controls the body's involuntary actions.

Front 14

Sympathetic division

Back 14

Part of the autonomic division, that triggers a "flight or fight" response. Pupils dilate, digestion slows, heartbeat increases, adrenaline flows, and hands get sweaty.

Front 15

Parasympathetic division

Back 15

Part of the autonomic division. Helps body go back to normal after going through the symapathetic reaction.

Front 16

EEG

Back 16

Electroencephalogram- records brain's electrical signals. (liney thing)

Front 17

CAT scan

Back 17

Computerized axial tomography-Through thousands of different x-rays, it shows an image of the brain. Shows abnormalities in the structure of the brain, but can't be used to see activity.

Front 18

MRI

Back 18

Magnetic Resonance imaging- produces image of brain structure, and can produce images of bundles of nerves in other parts of the body.

Front 19

SQUID

Back 19

Superconducting quantum interference device- used to pinpoint location of neural activity.

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PET

Back 20

Positron emission tomography- shows biochemical activity w/in brain at a given moment.

Front 21

Central Core

Back 21

The "old brain" which controls basic functions like eating and sleeping, and is common to all vertabrates.

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Medulla

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Located right above the spinal cord, the medulla is responsible for breathing and maitenance of heartbeat.

Front 23

Pons

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Located above medulla, coordinates movmement between two sides of the body. It also plays a rold in sleep.

Front 24

Reticular formation

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Located next to the pons, it is associated with arousal, and can filter out background noise during sleep.

Front 25

Cerebellum

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Located above the medulla and behind the pons, it is in charge of balnce.

Front 26

Thalamus

Back 26

Located in the middle of the central core, it is in charge of transmitting messages from the eyes, ears and skin, to higher parts of the brain, and from the higher parts to the cerebellum and medulla.

Front 27

Hypothalamus

Back 27

Located just below the thalamus, in charge of homeostasis and producs regular behvior like, eating, drinking, and emotion.

Front 28

Limbic system

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Part of the brain located outside cerebral cortex that control eating, aggression, and reproduction...also associated with memory and pleasure.

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Cerebral cortex

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"new brain", responsible for more sophisticated information in the brain. Rippled to allow greatest surface area

Front 30

Frontal lobe

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The frontal lobes have been found to play a part in impulse control, judgment, language production, working memory, motor function, sexual behavior, socialization, and spontaneity. The frontal lobes assist in planning, coordinating, controlling, and executing behavior.