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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the process to amend the constitution?
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proposal- Bill of Rights
ratification: needed supermajority (3/4), nine of the thirteen original states ratification took three years New York and Virginia were important states in the ratification process. NOW: proposal requires 2/3 votes in Congress and Senate 3/4 approval of states to ratify. |
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What does limited government mean?
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minimal government, minimal intervention in personal liberties
The Magna Carta and the US Constitution are examples of limited government. |
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Describe three English influences on the US Constitution?
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Magna Carta
Parliament Petition of Rights |
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What did the Magna Carta do?
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Limited the powers of kings and protected the privileges of people.
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What did Parliament do?
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Limited the powers of the English monarch
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What is the process to amend the constitution?
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proposal- Bill of Rights
ratification: needed supermajority (3/4), nine of the thirteen original states ratification took three years New York and Virginia were important states in the ratification process. NOW: proposal requires 2/3 votes in Congress and Senate 3/4 approval of states to ratify. |
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What does limited government mean?
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minimal government, minimal intervention in personal liberties
The Magna Carta and the US Constitution are examples of limited government. |
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Describe three English influences on the US Constitution?
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Magna Carta
Parliament Petition of Rights |
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What did the Magna Carta do?
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Limited the powers of kings and protected the privileges of people.
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What did Parliament do?
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Limited the powers of the English monarch
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What did Parliament do?
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Limited the powers of the English monarch
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What was the Petition of Rights?
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It set out specific liberties of the people, said that taxes could be levied only by Parliament, not the king.
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What is a social contract?
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an implied agreement
people agree among themselves, lay down their natural rights to a sovereign the sovereign created by the people will be a person or a group |
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What was Shays Rebellion?
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small rebellion that sent stab of fear into leadership
farmers in Massachusetts attacked an arsenal and rebelled and protested heavy taxes showed the weakness of the Articles of Confederation |
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What is separation of powers?
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distribution of constitutional authority
among three branches of government: executive, legislative and judicial. |
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What is a republic? Representative Democracy?
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those who have government authority get or retain it directly as a result of citizens free actions.
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What are Natural Rights?
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life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness
can never be taken away limited power of the king |
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Hamilton/Madison/Jay?
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federalists
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Federalist Papers #10?
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republican government is prone to faction
the problem of factions can be cured by removing their causes or controlling their effects factions must be controlled |
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Federalist Paper #51?
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maintaining the separation of powers in practice requires giving branches of government the means to check the powers of each other.
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Factions
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like minded individuals with similar interests
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Federalism
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the form of government in which the constitution divides power between the central (federal) government and the states
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Direct Democracy
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government in which citizens vote on laws and select officials more directly
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Declaration of Independence
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document declaring colonies' independence from England
written by Thomas Jefferson |
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Bill of Rights?
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wanted by anti-federalists
of some rights were protected, what was the objection to protecting the rest? |
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How was the constitution ratified?
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supermajority of the states (9/13)
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What was the constitutional convention voting compromise?
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3/5 compromise, slave counted as 3/5 white man
limited voting rights depending on wealth and property. |
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3/5 compromise?
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For purposes of apportionment (i.e. how many representatives a district has in state or national government, a slave counted as 3/5 a person.
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CC Bicameral legislature?
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the principle of a two house legislature.
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CC Great Connecticut Compromise
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called for a "senate" and "house of representatives"
made by Connecticut delegates |
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Constitution?
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had to be ratified by all thirteen states
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What was the Constitutional Convention? What were its goals?
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called the Annapolis Convention
revise the Articles of Confederation, then realized need a constitution Washington was the leader |
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At the constitutional convention, what was the New Jersey Plan?
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unicameral legislature
more than one person by state majority no power over state ratification by states did not question the need for a central government, only concerned of how it will be used. |
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What was the Virginia Plan at the CC
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bicameral legislature
executive size undetermined judicial life tenure legislature can override state laws ratification by citizens legitimacy derived from citizens strong central government |
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Confederation system?
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very small central government
all powers delegated to states |
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Checks and Balances?
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the solution for the issue of separation of powers
executive branch can veto legislation judicial branch can use judicial remedies (i.e. judicial review) house of representatives can impeach president Senate can refuse to confirm a member of Cabinet Checks and Balances prevent one branch of government from getting too powerful. |
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Articles of Confederacy? Weaknesses?
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moved towards strong central government, did not work out.
Congress had no direct authority, could not pass laws or levy taxes or regulate trade. Congress could not forbid states to issue their own currency, no executive branch no judicial system |
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Federalists
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wanted powerful central government
wrote Federalist papers Hamilton, Madison, |
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Anti-federalists
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wanted Bill of Rights
wanted confederation type of government Jefferson was big anti-federalist |
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What did Rousseau believe?
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man was naturally good
direct democracy extreme democrat |
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What did Monteanieu believe?
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the best government is one which the legislative, executive and judicial powers are separate and keep each other in check to prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful.
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What did Locke believe?
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natural rights of citizens such as life, liberty and pursuit of happiness could not be taken away
favored English parliament property was most important natural right natural rights limited the power of kings. |
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what did Hobbs believe?
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absolute power of kings
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State of Nature?
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no laws or anyone to enforce the laws.
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