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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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affirmative action
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government policies aimed at overcoming the consequences of historical discrimination against minorities
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reverse discrimination
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the discriminatory effect on white males that affirmative action policies have
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American with Disabilities Act, 1991
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A wide-ranging civil rights law that prohibits, under certain circumstances, discrimination based on disability.
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civil liberties
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constitutionally protected freedoms against government restraint
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Name some civil liberties
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freedom of conscience, religion and expression (1st amendment protection); due process of laws (5th and 14th amendments)
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civil rights
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citizen's right not to be discriminated against by government because of race, religion, gender or ethnic origin.
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What provisions in the Constitution protect civil rights?
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Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments
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What did the Civil Rights Act of 1964 do?
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made discrimination in public places a federal offense
barred discrimination in public employment |
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What provision in the constitution forms the basis for the Civil Rights Act of 1964?
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Article I, Section 8, the commerce clause.
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What did the Voting Rights Act of 1965 do?
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It authorized federal examiners to register voters in areas with a history of discrimination.
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What did the Fair Housing Act of 1968 do?
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prohibited the discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, or national origin in the sale or rental of most housing.
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What is the "clear and present danger" test?
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a legal test that says government may not interfere with speech unless the speech presents a clear and present danger that it will lead to evil or illegal acts.
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Is the "clear and present danger" test the current standard for free speech cases at the Supreme Court?
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NO
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What is the current standard for free speech cases?
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First, all speech is protected unless it falls into one of 4 narrow categories.
Second, laws restricting speech must be content neutral, narrowly tailored to a compelling government interest. |
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What is the commerce clause?
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Article I, Section 8
Congress has the power to regulate commerce with foreign Nations, and among the several States, and with the Indian Tribes |
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What amendment gave women the right to vote?
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19
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What were some methods used to deny blacks the right to vote in the South?
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poll tax
literacy test white primaries |
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What is racial profiling?
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The discriminatory practice by law enforcement officials of targeting individuals for suspicion of crime based on the individual's race, ethnicity, religion or national origin (ACLU)
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What are the Reconstruction Amendments?
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13, 14 and 15
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what does the 13th amendment say?
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prohibition of slavery
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What does the 14th amendment say?
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citizenship
due process of laws equal protection of laws |
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What does the 15th amendment say?
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right to vote regardless of race, color or previous condition of servitude
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What rights are protected in the original Constitution?
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habeus corpus
no bills of attainder no ex post facto laws trial by jury in national courts right to travel limits on treason state right to have republican government |
