A&p Nervous System Ii

Front 1

A form of paralysis characterized by an increase in muscular tone without atrophy of the muscles involved

Back 1

Spastic Paralysis

Front 2

A part of the cerebral cortex where memories form

Back 2

Hippocampus

Front 3

Portion of the brain stem that controls the depth and rate of breathing

Back 3

Respiratory Center

Front 4

Mass of gray matter located deep within a cerebral hemisphere of the brain

Back 4

Basal Ganglion

Front 5

A mass of neuron cell bodies, usually outside the CNS

Back 5

Ganglion

Front 6

Autonomic nerve fiber located on the proximal side of the ganglion

Back 6

Preganglionic Fiber

Front 7

A complex network of nerve fibers within the brain stem that arouses the cerebrum

Back 7

Reticular Formation

Front 8

Inner layer of meninges that encloses the brain and spinal cord

Back 8

Pia Mater

Front 9

A portion of the cerebral cortex that receives and interprets sensory nerve impulses

Back 9

Sensory Area

Front 10

Pertaining to the body

Back 10

Somatic

Front 11

Any cell of the body other than the sex cells

Back 11

Somatic Cell

Front 12

Pertaining to the spinal cord or to the vertebral canal

Back 12

Spinal

Front 13

Tough outer layer of the meninges

Back 13

Dura Mater

Front 14

Portion of the central nervous system extending downward from the brain stem through the vertebral canal

Back 14

Spinal Cord

Front 15

Nerve that arises from the spinal cord

Back 15

Spinal Nerve

Front 16

Tube that connects the third and fourth ventricles of the brain

Back 16

Cerebral Aqueduct

Front 17

A nerve composed of sensory nerve fibers

Back 17

Sensory Nerve

Front 18

The space within the meninges between the arachnoid mater and the pia mater

Back 18

Subarachnoid Space

Front 19

Portion of the autonomic nervous system that arises from the thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord

Back 19

Sympathetic Nervous System

Front 20

Pertaining to the eye

Back 20

Optic

Front 21

Outer layer of the cerebrum

Back 21

Cerebral Cortex

Front 22

Pertaining to the sense of smell

Back 22

Olfactory

Front 23

A substance secreted by the hypothalamus whose target cells are in the anterior pituitary gland

Back 23

Releasing Hormone

Front 24

Neurons in the brain stem that control the diameter of the arteries

Back 24

Vasomotor Center

Front 25

A bundle of nerve fibers connecting the cerebellum and the brain stem

Back 25

Cerebellar Peduncles

Front 26

A shallow groove, such as that between convolutions on the surface of the brain

Back 26

Sulcus

Front 27

Mass of specialized capillaries from which cerebrospinal fluid is secreted into a ventricle of the brain

Back 27

Choroid Plexus

Front 28

A branch of a nerve fiber or blood vessel

Back 28

Collateral

Front 29

Delicate, weblike middle layer of the meninges

Back 29

Arachnoid Mater

Front 30

Nerve tracts, other than the corticospinal tracts, that transmit impulses from the cerebral cortex into the spinal cord

Back 30

Extrapyramidal Tract

Front 31

An elevation on a structure's surface caused by infolding of it upon itself

Back 31

Convolution

Front 32

The infusion of a substance directly into the cerebrospinal fluid

Back 32

Inthrathecal Injection

Front 33

A small region of the brain stem between the diencephalon and the pons

Back 33

Midbrain

Front 34

A region of the brain from which impulses to muscles or glands originate

Back 34

Motor Area

Front 35

The stalk attaching the pituitary gland to the base of the brain

Back 35

Infundibulum

Front 36

A nerve that consists of motor nerve fibers

Back 36

Motor Nerve

Front 37

Sympathetic ganglia that form chains along the sides of the vertebral column

Back 37

Paravertebral Ganglia

Front 38

A short nerve containing postganglionic axons returning to a spinal nerve

Back 38

Gray Ramus

Front 39

A small bundle of muscle fibers

Back 39

Fasciculus

Front 40

Motor branch of a spinal nerve by which it attaches to the spinal cord

Back 40

Ventral Root

Front 41

A cavity, such as those of the brain that are filled with cerebrospinal fluid, or those of the heart that contain blood

Back 41

Ventricle

Front 42

A mass of gray matter located at the base of the cerebrum in the wall of the third ventricle

Back 42

Thalamus

Front 43

Mass of sensory neuron cell bodies located in the dorsal root of a spinal nerve

Back 43

Dorsal Root Ganglion

Front 44

Nerve that arises from the brain

Back 44

Cranial Nerve

Front 45

A nerve fiber that secretes acetylcholine at the axon terminal

Back 45

Cholinergic Fiber

Front 46

Loss of consciousness due to a violent blow to the head

Back 46

Concussion

Front 47

Region of the cerebral cortex related to memory, reasoning, judgement, and emotional feelings

Back 47

Association Area

Front 48

Portion of the brain in the region of the third ventricle that includes the thalamus and hypothalamus

Back 48

Diencephalon

Front 49

A hormone the adrenal medulla secretes during times of stress

Back 49

Epinephrine

Front 50

A group of connected structures within the brain that produces emotional feelings

Back 50

Limbic System

Front 51

A portion of the respiratory control center located in the pons

Back 51

Apneustic Area

Front 52

Recording of the fluctuating electrical activity in the brain

Back 52

Brain Wave

Front 53

One of the large, paired structures that together constitute the cerebrum of the brain

Back 53

Cerebral Hemisphere

Front 54

A nerve fiber that secretes norepinephrine at the axon terminal

Back 54

Adrenergic Fiber

Front 55

Treelike pattern of white matter in a section of cerebellum

Back 55

Arbor Vitae

Front 56

An intermediate compound produced during the oxidation of carbohydrates and fats

Back 56

Acetyl Coenzyme A

Front 57

Groups of nerve fibers in the spinal cord that transmit sensory impulses upward to the brain

Back 57

Ascending Tracts

Front 58

Receptor on an effector cell membrane that combines mainly with epinephrine and only slightly with norepinephrine

Back 58

Beta Receptor

Front 59

A group of neurons in the medulla oblongata that controls heart rate

Back 59

Cardiac Center

Front 60

Portion of the brain that occupies the upper part of the cranial cavity and provides higher mental functions

Back 60

Cerebrum

Front 61

Blood-filled channel formed by the splitting of the dura matter into two layers

Back 61

Dural Sinus

Front 62

A narrow cleft separating parts such as the lobes of the cerebrum

Back 62

Fissure

Front 63

Posteriormost portion of the developing brain that gives rise to the cerebellum, pons, and medulla oblongata

Back 63

Hindbrain

Front 64

An area of the body supplied by sensory nerve fibers associated with a particular dorsal root of a spinal nerve

Back 64

Dermatome

Front 65

Portion of the brain that coordinates skeletal muscle movement

Back 65

Cerebellum

Front 66

The space between the dural sheath of the spinal cord and the bone of the vertebral canal

Back 66

Epidural Space

Front 67

The antiormost portion of the developing brain that gives rise to the cerebrum and basal ganglia

Back 67

Forebrain

Front 68

Portion of the nervous system that controls the actions of the visceral organs and skin

Back 68

Autonomic Nervous System

Front 69

Fluid occupying the ventricles of the brain, the subarachnoid space of the meninges, and the central canal of the spinal cord

Back 69

Cerebrospinal Fluid

Front 70

Fingerlike structures that project from the subarachnoid space of the meninges into blood-filled dural sinuses and reabsorb cerebrospinal fluid

Back 70

Arachnoid Granulation

Front 71

The sensory branch of a spinal nerve by which it joins the spinal cord

Back 71

Dorsal Root

Front 72

The Cerebral lobe located deep within the lateral sulcus

Back 72

Insula

Front 73

A mass of coagulated blood within tissues or a body cavity

Back 73

Hematoma

Front 74

The inner portion of an organ

Back 74

Medulla

Front 75

Total loss of muscle tone when nerve fibers are damaged

Back 75

Flaccid Paralysis

Front 76

Portion of the brain stem located between the pons and the spinal cord

Back 76

Medulla Oblongata

Front 77

The membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord

Back 77

Meninges

Front 78

A neurotransmitter released from the axons of some nerve fibers

Back 78

Norepinephrine

Front 79

The first pair of cranial nerves, which conduct impusles associated with the sense of smell

Back 79

Olfactory Nerves

Front 80

A group of spinal nerves that extends below the distal end of the spinal cord

Back 80

Cauda Equina

Front 81

Nerve that includes both sensory and motor nerve fibers

Back 81

Mixed Nerve

Front 82

Portion of the cerebrum that includes certain basal ganglia

Back 82

Corpus Striatum

Front 83

Group of nerve fibers that carry nerve impulses downward from the brain through the spinal cord

Back 83

Descending Tracts

Front 84

Layer of loose connective tissue that surrounds individual nerve fibers

Back 84

Endoneurium

Front 85

Sleep in which some areas of the brain are active, producing drems and rapid eye movements

Back 85

Paradoxical Sleep

Front 86

Portion of the autonomic nervous system that arises from the brain and sacral region of the spinal cord

Back 86

Parasympathetic Division

Front 87

The outer layer of the cerebellum

Back 87

Cerebellar Cortex

Front 88

Sudden interruption of blood flow to the brain; a stroke

Back 88

Cerebrovascular Accident

Front 89

Layer of fibrous connective tissue that encloses cartilaginous structures

Back 89

Perichondrium

Front 90

Body region between the scrotum or urethral opening and the anus

Back 90

Perineum

Front 91

Layer of connective tissue that encloses a bundle of nerve fibers within a nerve

Back 91

Perineurium

Front 92

Region of the central nervous system that generally lacks myelin and thus appears gray

Back 92

Gray Matter

Front 93

A small structure located in the central part of the brain

Back 93

Pineal Gland

Front 94

An enzyme that catalyzes breakdown of acetylcholine

Back 94

Cholinesterase

Front 95

A portion of the brain located below the thalamus and forming the floor of the third ventricle

Back 95

Hypothalamus

Front 96

A long bundle of nerve fibers within the cns having the same origin, function, and termination

Back 96

Nerve Tract

Front 97

A network of interlaced nerves or blood vessels

Back 97

Plexus

Front 98

A portion of the brain stem above the medulla oblongata and below the midbrain

Back 98

Pons

Front 99

Autonomic nerve fiber located on the distal side of a ganglion

Back 99

Postganglionic Fiber

Front 100

A large, pyramid-shaped neuron in the cerebral cortex

Back 100

Pyramidal Cell

Front 101

Portion of the brain that includes the midbrain, pons, and the medulla oblongata

Back 101

Brain Stem

Front 102

Substance from which another substance forms

Back 102

Precursor

Front 103

Region of the frontal lobe that coordinates complex muscular actins of the mouth, tongue, and larynx making speech possible

Back 103

Broca's Area

Front 104

Outermost layer of connective tissue surrounding a nerve

Back 104

Epineurium

Front 105

A rapid, automatic respnse to a stimulus

Back 105

Reflex

Front 106

A nerve pathway consisting of a sensory neuron, interneuron, and motor neuron that forms the structural functional bases for a reflex

Back 106

Reflex Arc

Front 107

X shaped structure on the underside of the brain formed by a partial crossing over of fibers in the optic nerves

Back 107

Optic Chiasma

Front 108

Layer of connective tissue that encloses a bundle of nerve fibers withihn a nerve

Back 108

Perineurium