A&p Muscular System

Front 1

Epicranius- Frontal & occipital bellies

Back 1

facial. with aponeurois fixed, frontal belly raises eyebrows; occipital belly fixes aponeurosis and pulls scalp posteriorly

Front 2

Oribcularis oculi

Back 2

facial, various parts can be activated individually; closes eyes, produces blinking, squinting, and draws eyebrows inferiorly

Front 3

Levator Labii Superious

Back 3

Facial, raises and furrows upper lip; opens lips

Front 4

Zygomaticus

Back 4

Facial, raises lateral corners of mouth upward (smiling muscle)

Front 5

Risorius

Back 5

facial, draws corner of lip laterally; tenses lip; zygomaticus synergist

Front 6

depressor labii Inferious

Back 6

Facial, draws lower lip inferiorly

Front 7

orbicularis Oris

Back 7

facial, closes mouth; purses & proreudes lips (kissing & whistling muscle)

Front 8

mentalis

Back 8

Facial, Protrudes lower lip; wrinkles chin

Front 9

Buccinator

Back 9

Facial, Draws corner of mouth & mastication, laterally; compresses cheek (as in whistling); holds food between theeth during chewing

Front 10

Masster

Back 10

Mastication, closes jaw & elevates mandible

Front 11

Temporalis

Back 11

mastication, closes jaw; elevates and retracts mandible

Front 12

Platysma

Back 12

Sopuerficial, depresses mandible; pulls lower lip back and down( produces downward sag in mouth)

Front 13

Sternocleidomastoid

Back 13

Superficial, Stimulates contraction of both muscles of pair causes flexion on neck forward, generally against resistance; acting independently, rotate head and shoulder on opposite side

Front 14

Pectoralis major

Back 14

thorax & shoulder, superficail, prime mover of the armflexion; adducts, medially rotates arm. with arm fixed, pulls chest upward

Front 15

serratus anterior

Back 15

thorax & shoulder, superficial, moves scapula forward toward chest wall; rotates scapula, causing inferios angle to move laterally & upward; abduction & raising of arm

Front 16

Deltoid

Back 16

thorax & shoulder superficial, Acting as a whole of arm abduction; when only specific fibers are active, can ain in flexion, extenshion, and rotation of humerous

Front 17

Pectoralis minor

Back 17

thorax & shoulder superficial, with ribs fixed, draws scapula forward and inferiorly; with scapula fixed, draws rib cage superiorly

Front 18

External intercostals

Back 18

thorax deep muscle, pulls ribs toward one another to elevate rib cage, aids in inspiration

Front 19

internal intercostals

Back 19

thorax deep tissue, draws ribs together to depress rib cage; aids in forced expiration; antagonistics to external intercostals

Front 20

diaphragm

Back 20

thorax deep muscle, prime mover if inspiration flattens on contraction, increasing vertical dimensons of thorax; increases intraabdominal pressure

Front 21

rectus abdominis

Back 21

abdominal wall, flexes and rotates vertebral column; increases abdominal pressure ; fixes and depresses ribs, stabilizes pelvis during walking; used in sil-ups and curls

Front 22

external oblique

Back 22

abdominal wall, aids muscles of back in trunk rotation and lateral flexion; used in oblique curls

Front 23

internal obique

Back 23

as for external oblique

Front 24

transversus abdominis

Back 24

compresses abdominal contents

Front 25

trapezius

Back 25

neck shoulder & trunk, extends head, raises rotates and retracts scapula and stabilizes it; superior fibers elevate scapula (as in shruging shoulders); inferiou fibers depress it

Front 26

latissimus dorsi

Back 26

neck shoulder& trunk, prime mover of arm extension, adducts and medially rotates arm; depresses scapula brings arm down in power stroke, as in striking a blow

Front 27

infraspinatus

Back 27

shoulder neck & trunk, lateral rotaion of humerous; helps hold head of humerous in glenoid cavity, stabilizes shoulder

Front 28

teres minor

Back 28

shoulder neck & trunk, lateral rotaion of humerous; helps hold head of humerous in glenoid cavity, stabilizes shoulder

Front 29

teres major

Back 29

neck shoulder trunk, extends, medially rotates, and adducts humerus; synergist of latissimus dorsi

Front 30

supraspinatus

Back 30

neck shoulder trunk, assists abduction of humerous; stabilizes shoulder joint

Front 31

levator scapulae

Back 31

neck shoulder trunk, elevates and adducts scapula; with fixed scapula, flexes neck to the same side

Front 32

phomboids- major and minor

Back 32

neck shoulder trunk, pulls scapula medially ; stabilizes scapula; rotates glenoid cavity downward

Front 33

Quadratus lumborum

Back 33

veretrabral column, each flexes vertebral column laterally; together extend the lumbar spine and fix fib 12; maintains upright posture

Front 34

triceps brachii

Back 34

humerous, powerful forearm extensor; antagonist of forearm flexors

Front 35

anconeus

Back 35

humerous, abducts ulna during forearm pronation; extends elbow

Front 36

biceps brachii

Back 36

humerous, flexion of elbow and supination of forearm, "it turns the corkscrew and pulls the cork", weak arm flexor

Front 37

brachioradialis

Back 37

humerous, synergist in forearm flexion

Front 38

Brachialis

Back 38

humerous, a major flexor of forearm

Front 39

pronator teres

Back 39

anterior compartment, acts synergistically with pronator quadratns to pronate forearm; weak elbow flexor

Front 40

flexor caroi radialis

Back 40

anterior compartment, powerful flexor of wrist, abducts hand

Front 41

palmaris longus

Back 41

anterior compartment, flexes wrist; tenses skin and fascia of palm

Front 42

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Back 42

humerous, powerful flexor of wrist; adducts hand

Front 43

flexor digitorum

Back 43

humerous, flexes wrist and middle phalanges of fingers 2-5

Front 44

flexor pollicis longus

Back 44

deep humerous, flexes thumb

Front 45

flexor digittorum profundus

Back 45

deep humerous, sole muscle that flexes distal phalanges; assis in wrist flexion

Front 46

Extensor carpi radialis longus

Back 46

hand & fingers posterior superficial, extends & abducts wrist

Front 47

Extensor carpi radialis brevis

Back 47

hand & fingers posterior superficial, extends & abducts wrist; steadies wrist during finger flexion

Front 48

extensor digitorum

Back 48

hand & finger posterior superficial, prime mover of finger extension; extends wrist; can flare fingers

Front 49

extensor carpi ulnaris

Back 49

hand & finger posterior superficial, extends & adducts wrist

Front 50

extensor pollicis longus & brevis

Back 50

hand & fingers deep, extends thumb

Front 51

abductor pollicis longus

Back 51

hand & fingers deep, abducts & extends thumb

Front 52

supinator

Back 52

hand & finger deep, acts with biceps brachii to supinate forearm; antagonist of pronator muscle

Front 53

Iliopsosa-iliacus & psoas major

Back 53

thigh leg orgin on pelvis, flex trunk on thigh; flex thigh; lateral flexion of vertebral column

Front 54

sartorius

Back 54

thigh leg orgin on pelvis, flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh; flexes knee; known as "tailors muscle" because it helps effect cross legged postition in which tailors are offten depicted

Front 55

adductors-magnus, longus, & brevis

Back 55

thigh and leg medial, adduct & medially rotate & flex thigh; posterior part of magnus is also a synergist in high extension

Front 56

gracilis

Back 56

thing & leg midial, adducts thigh; flexes & medially rotates leg, especially during walking

Front 57

Quadriceps femoris -rectus femoris

Back 57

thing & leg anterior, extends knee & flexes thigh at hip

Front 58

Quadriceps femoris- vastus lateralis

Back 58

thigh & leg anterior, extends & stabilizes knee

Front 59

Quadriceps femoris- vastus intermedius

Back 59

thigh & leg anterior, extends knee

Front 60

tensor faxciae latae

Back 60

thigh & leg anterior, flexes, abducts, & medially rotates thigh; steadies trunk

Front 61

Extensor carpi radialis longus

Back 61

hand & fingers posterior superficial, extends & abducts wrist

Front 62

Extensor carpi radialis brevis

Back 62

hand & fingers posterior superficial, extends & abducts wrist; steadies wrist during finger flexion

Front 63

extensor digitorum

Back 63

hand & finger posterior superficial, prime mover of finger extension; extends wrist; can flare fingers

Front 64

extensor carpi ulnaris

Back 64

hand & finger posterior superficial, extends & adducts wrist

Front 65

extensor pollicis longus & brevis

Back 65

hand & fingers deep, extends thumb

Front 66

abductor pollicis longus

Back 66

hand & fingers deep, abducts & extends thumb

Front 67

supinator

Back 67

hand & finger deep, acts with biceps brachii to supinate forearm; antagonist of pronator muscle

Front 68

Iliopsosa-iliacus & psoas major

Back 68

thigh leg orgin on pelvis, flex trunk on thigh; flex thigh; lateral flexion of vertebral column

Front 69

sartorius

Back 69

thigh leg orgin on pelvis, flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh; flexes knee; known as "tailors muscle" because it helps effect cross legged postition in which tailors are offten depicted

Front 70

adductors-magnus, longus, & brevis

Back 70

thigh and leg medial, adduct & medially rotate & flex thigh; posterior part of magnus is also a synergist in high extension

Front 71

gracilis

Back 71

thing & leg midial, adducts thigh; flexes & medially rotates leg, especially during walking

Front 72

Quadriceps femoris -rectus femoris

Back 72

thing & leg anterior, extends knee & flexes thigh at hip

Front 73

Quadriceps femoris- vastus lateralis

Back 73

thigh & leg anterior, extends & stabilizes knee

Front 74

Quadriceps femoris- vastus intermedius

Back 74

thigh & leg anterior, extends knee

Front 75

tensor faxciae latae

Back 75

thigh & leg anterior, flexes, abducts, & medially rotates thigh; steadies trunk

Front 76

Extensor carpi radialis longus

Back 76

hand & fingers posterior superficial, extends & abducts wrist

Front 77

Extensor carpi radialis brevis

Back 77

hand & fingers posterior superficial, extends & abducts wrist; steadies wrist during finger flexion

Front 78

extensor digitorum

Back 78

hand & finger posterior superficial, prime mover of finger extension; extends wrist; can flare fingers

Front 79

extensor carpi ulnaris

Back 79

hand & finger posterior superficial, extends & adducts wrist

Front 80

extensor pollicis longus & brevis

Back 80

hand & fingers deep, extends thumb

Front 81

abductor pollicis longus

Back 81

hand & fingers deep, abducts & extends thumb

Front 82

supinator

Back 82

hand & finger deep, acts with biceps brachii to supinate forearm; antagonist of pronator muscle

Front 83

Iliopsosa-iliacus & psoas major

Back 83

thigh leg orgin on pelvis, flex trunk on thigh; flex thigh; lateral flexion of vertebral column

Front 84

sartorius

Back 84

thigh leg orgin on pelvis, flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh; flexes knee; known as "tailors muscle" because it helps effect cross legged postition in which tailors are offten depicted

Front 85

adductors-magnus, longus, & brevis

Back 85

thigh and leg medial, adduct & medially rotate & flex thigh; posterior part of magnus is also a synergist in high extension

Front 86

gracilis

Back 86

thing & leg midial, adducts thigh; flexes & medially rotates leg, especially during walking

Front 87

Quadriceps femoris -rectus femoris

Back 87

thing & leg anterior, extends knee & flexes thigh at hip

Front 88

Quadriceps femoris- vastus lateralis

Back 88

thigh & leg anterior, extends & stabilizes knee

Front 89

Quadriceps femoris- vastus intermedius

Back 89

thigh & leg anterior, extends knee

Front 90

tensor faxciae latae

Back 90

thigh & leg anterior, flexes, abducts, & medially rotates thigh; steadies trunk