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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Types of cartilage
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- hyaline cartilage
- fibrocartilage - elastic cartilage |
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Hyaline cartilage
- function - fibers - where? |
Function: support, flexibility, resilience
Fibers: fine collagen Where: articular(end of long bones), costal, larynx and airways, nose |
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Hyaline cartilage
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Elastic cartilage
- function? - fibers? - location? |
Function: bending/flexibility
Fibers: collagen and elastic Location: external ear and epiglottis |
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Fibrocartilage
-function? -fibers? -location? |
Function: absorbs shock, resist stretching
Fibers: thick collagen Locations: meniscus, intervertebral disks, pubic symphysis |
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Fibrocartilage
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Types of cartilage growth
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Appositional
Interstitial Calcification |
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Appositional growth
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-outside in
-cells in the perichondrium secrete matrix against the external face of existing cartilage |
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Interstitial growth of cartilage
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-inside-out
-lacunae bound chondrocytes inside the cartilage divide and secrete the new matrix, expanding the cartilage from within |
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Function of bones
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Support, protect, movement, mineral storage, blood cell formation
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Axial vs appendicular
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Axial: skull, vertebrae, rib cage
Appendicular: upper and lower limbs, shoulders, hips |
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Shape of bones
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-Long bones- longer than they are wide
-Flat bones- sternum, scapula, skull, ribs -Short bones(sesamoid): cube, inside tendons -irregular: odd shaped (vertebrae) |
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Compact vs spongy bone
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Compact- dense outer layer
Spongy- honeycomb filled with yellow marrow |
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Epiphyses
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Label
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Bones membranes
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-Periosteum
-endosteum |
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Periosteum
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-Two layers
-outer layer is dense regular connective tissue -inner layer consists of osteoblasts and osteoclasts -richly supplied with blood, nerve fibers, and lymphatic vessels |
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Endosteum
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-Delicate layers that cover internal bone surfaces
-contains osteoblasts and osteoclasts -covers trabeculae of spongy bone -lines canals of compact bone |
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Types of bone cells
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-osteogenic cells:bone stem cell, gives rise to osteoblasts
-osteoblasts: bone-building cells -osteoclasts: bone digesting cells (resorption) -osteocytes: mature bone cells, maintain bone matrix |
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1) 2) 3) 4)
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1)osteogenic cell
2)osteoblast 3) osteocytes 4) osteocyte |
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Structure of short, irregular, and flat bones
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Hematopoietic tissue (red merrow) location in adults and infants
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-Infants: found in medullary cavity and all areas of spongy bones
-Adults: found in diploe of flat bones(hip and sternum), and head of femur and humerus |
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