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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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functions of blood
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medium through which materials are transported to cells; liquid connective tissue; helps stabalize pH, body temp; serves an immune function
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plasma is ___% of blood
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55
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what makes up plasma
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proteins (for blood pressure, clotting, & immune function)
water (92% of plasma), electrolytes, hormones, nutrients, blood gases, waste |
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formed elements are __%
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45
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what makes up formed elements
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red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets
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red blood cells aka ___
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erythocytes
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RBCs do what
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transport blood gases to tissues and away from tissues
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what are the most abundant blood cells
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RBCs
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biconcave
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increase surface area to allow for rapid gas exchange, allows for the cells to squeeze through vessels
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what allows for binding of O2 and CO2
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erythrocytes (RBCs)
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____ is produced by the breakdown of cells in the bone marrow
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platelets
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____ is involved in coagulation
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platelets
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WBS are aka _____
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leukoctyes
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WBCs contains the _____
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nuclues
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WBCs lack _____
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hemoglobin
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most _____ are phagoctyes
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WBCs
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2 types of WBCs:
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granular, agranular
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3 breakdowns of granular
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neutrophil, eosinophil, basophil
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2 breakdowns of agranular
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lymphoctye, monocyte
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1st to arrive at wound site, release cytotoxins and phagocytes bacteria, release cytokins, can only survive in blood for up to 10 hours
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neutrophil
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phagocytize bacteria and microbes that the immune system has coated w/antibodies, decrease inflammatory response at site of wound
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eosinophil
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release histamines (cause vasodilation) and heparin (prevents clotting)
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basophil
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wanderers, patrol body tissue for microbes and worn out tissue cells, 2nd to arrive at wound site, phagocytize neutrophils that have died from phagocytozing bacteria
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monoctyes
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smallest leukocyte, abundant in bloodstream, occur in lymph nodes and glands
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lymphocytes
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attach and destroy foreign cells by releasing cytotoxins
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T cells
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manufacture antibodies that attach to foreign bodies and help destroy them
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B cells
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each blood type is a function of the presence or absence of specific molecules called ____
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antigens
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____ interact with antigens of "foreign" blood and causes cells to burst
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antibodies
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blood type is determined by ___
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antigens
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most common blood types are:
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ABO and Rh
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Type A blood =
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A antigens on cell, anti B antibodies
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Type B blood =
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B antigens on cell, anti A antibodies
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Type AB =
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A and B antigens on cell, no antibodies
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universal acceptor
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AB
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universal donor
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O
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only donors ____ are transferred, no ____
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RBCs, antibodies
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Rh + contains a ___ antigen
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D
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Rh - does not contain a ____ antibody
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D
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the Rh group has only __ anitgen and __ antibody that could be present
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one, one
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if D antigen is present, the blood is ____
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+
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if there is no D antigen, the blood is ___
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-
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negative does not have ____
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anti d antibodies
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if + and - blood is mixed,.....
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anti D antibodies will occur
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what is given to mothers in order to destroy any fetal bloodcells in her blood so she will not produce anti D antibodies?
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RhoGam
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to determine blood types, ____ is used
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anti serum
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serum contains either ___ or ___ which react to the antigens on the RBC surface
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anti A antibodies or anti B antibodies
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if using anti A anti serum and the blood clumps:
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blood could be Type A or B; you then test with anti B, if clumps then it is Type AB, if it doesnt then its O
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___ determines the colume of packed elements in a blood sample
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hematocrit
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known as clotting
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coagulation
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