Ap Lab 2 - Enzymes & Diffusion

Front 1

Passive Transport

Back 1

No E required

Front 2

Diffusion

Back 2

the movement of molecules across a membrane, down the concentration gradient

Front 3

Osmosis

Back 3

simple diffusion of water across a semi-permiable membrane

Front 4

Isotonic

Back 4

solute levels equal on both sides of membrane, no net movement

Front 5

Hypertonic

Back 5

solution outside cell has HIGH solute concentrations relative to concentrations inside cell, net movement of H2O out of cell, can lead to crenation

Front 6

Hypotonic

Back 6

solution outside cell has LOW solute concentrations relative to concentrations inside cell, net movement of H2O into cell, can lead to lysis

Front 7

Crenation

Back 7

cell shrivels as a result of water moving outward to hypertonic exterior solution

Front 8

Lysis

Back 8

cell ruptures due to water moving into it from a hypotonic solution

Front 9

Active Transport

Back 9

E required, goes against concentration gradient (L to H), uses ATP and transport proteins, example = NaK pump

Front 10

Vesicular Transport

Back 10

transportation of large molecules or large quantities of small molecules

Front 11

Exocytosis

Back 11

export of bulky materials out of a cell

Front 12

Endocytosis

Back 12

import of materials into a cell

Front 13

Phagocytosis

Back 13

'eating' of materials by a cell, endocytosis process, cell engulf molecule

Front 14

What happens to the cells from 'water intoxication'?

Back 14

the solutes in the body become too diluted. Another name for water intoxication could be Hyponatremia

Front 15

Catabolic

Back 15

reactions that break down molecules

Front 16

Anabolic

Back 16

reactions that build larger molecules out of smaller ones

Front 17

Amyloclucosidase

Back 17

enzyme in stomach that aids in digestions, optimal pH = acidic levels

Front 18

Amylase

Back 18

enzyme in saliva that helps break down food.

Polysaccharide starch hydrolized into dextrin & maltose polymers

Front 19

Proteins break down to form...

Back 19

amino acids

Front 20

complex carbs break down to form...

Back 20

saccharides

Front 21

Triglycerides break down to form...

Back 21

fatty acids + glycerol

Front 22

Nucleic acids break down to form...

Back 22

nucleotides