A&p Lab 1

Front 1

37C to F

Back 1

98F

Front 2

100C

Back 2

212F

Front 3

Four broad categories of tissues.

Back 3

•Nervous tissue - brain, spinal cord, nerves

•Muscle tissue - cardiac, smooth, skeletal

•Epithelial tissue - skin surface, lining of gi tract organs, hollow organs

•Connective tissue - fat, bone, tendon

Front 4

Three types of mucle tissue

Back 4

•Cardiac

•Smooth

•Skeletal

Front 5

Type of muscle in hollow organs and blood vessels

Back 5

Smooth muscle

Front 6

Six different types of connective tissue

Back 6

•Adipose (fat)

•Blood

•Hyaline Cartilage

•Bone

•Dense Connective tissue

•Areolar connective tissue

Front 7

Epithelial tissue is avascular

Back 7

Blood doesn't go through the wall but under it instead.

Front 8

Tight Junction

Back 8

Front 9

Gap Junction

Back 9

Front 10

Anchoring Junction

Back 10

Front 11

Simple Squamous Epithelium

Back 11

Front 12

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

Back 12

Asorbtion and secretion of molecules.

Front 13

Simple Columnar Epithelium

Back 13

The structure is to provide a barrier against non specific movement of lumenal substances.

Hint 13

Front 14

Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium

Back 14

Front 15

Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium

Back 15

Front 16

Stratified Columnar Epithelium

Back 16

Front 17

Transitional Epithelium

Back 17

Front 18

Squamous

Back 18

Front 19

Cuboidal

Back 19

Front 20

Columnar

Back 20

Front 21

Apical

Back 21

The part of the cell or tissue which faces an open space.

Front 22

Basal Lamina

Back 22

Thin extracellular layer that lies underneath epithelial cells and seperates them from other tissues.

Front 23

Basement Membrane

Back 23

Im epithelial tissue, a thin layer of fibrous material that anchors the epithelial tissue to the underlying connective tissue; made up of the balas lamina and reticular lamina.

Front 24

Lumen

Back 24

Free space.

Front 25

Stratified Squamous Epithelium

Back 25

Protects against pysical and chemical wear and tear by having multiple stacks.

Hint 25

Front 26

Differnce of cilia and microvilla

Back 26

•Cilia are longer

•Cilia are motile

•Cilia are used to move cell bodies and microvilla are used to in the absorbtion process

Front 27

Adipose

Back 27

Function: insulation, energy storage, padding.

Hint 27

Front 28

Blood

Back 28

Plateletes - clog broken blood vessels.

RBC - transport of oxygen.

WBC - Immune system.

Hint 28

Front 29

Hyaline Cartilage

Back 29

•Most common type of cartilage.

•Provides compression cushion

•Provides a flexable sternocostal articulations where the ribs attach to the sternum.

•Provides structural support for c-shaped rings of the trachea.

•Fetal skeleton starts as this which later ossifies turing into bone.

Hint 29

Front 30

Bone

Back 30

•Osteocyte (lacunae) •Lamellae - tree rings

•Periosteum - the membrane that covers the outer surface of all bones except at the joints of long bones.

•Endosteum - a thin vascular membrane of connective tissue that lines the inner surface of bony tissue.

•Nutrient Foramina - the external opening for the enterance of blood vessels in a bone.

•Perforating (sharpey's) fiber - a matrix of connective tissue that connects the periosteum to bone.

Hint 30

Front 31

Dense Connective Tissue

Back 31

•Regular and irregular have have densely packed collagen protein fibers for strength.

•dense regular connective tissue - majority of the protein fibers running in the same direction. Found in tendons where the stress is in a straight line between two points.

•Dense irregular connective tissue - protein fibers oriented in different directions. Found in ligaments and aponeuroses where the stress can come from many different directions.

Front 32

Areolar Connective Tissue

Back 32

•This tissue is loose and stretchy.

•Fewer collagen fibers and more elastic protein fibers than dense con t.

•Found between organs, cushioning and holding them in place.

•Flexible and anchors epithelium to deeper tissues.

Front 33

Skeletal Muscle

Back 33

•Identified by very large, and long, cells with regular traverse striations when viewed in a longitudinal section.

•You will not see the striations where the muscle cells have been cut transversely.

Hint 33

Front 34

Cardiac Muscle

Back 34

•This tissue is also striated like skeletal muscle but cardiac cells are shorter, branching and are connected to each other by intercalated disks which appear as a dark line or band between cells. The intercalated disks contain gap junctions.

Hint 34

Front 35

Smooth Muscle

Back 35

Look for it in the stomach, veins, arteries, and intestines. Hollow organs.

Hint 35

Front 36

Nerve Tissue

Back 36

•A nueron is a nerve cell. A nerve is a collection of many indivdual axons bundled together in a common sheath.

•In veins and arteries, there are nerve fiber bundles.

Hint 36

Front 37

Atery, Vein, Nerve

Back 37

•Artery - thicker wall and abumdant smooth muscle.

•Vein - thinner wall and usually collapsed. Less smooth muscle.

•Nerve - Cut transversely.

Front 38

Epiphyseal line

Back 38

•a plate of hyaline cartilage found in children and adolescents, located in the metaphysis at the ends of each long bone.

•The site of new bone growth.

Hint 38

Front 39

Compact and Cancellous (spongy) Bone

Back 39

Front 40

Stratrum Basale

Back 40

the deepest layer of the five layers of the epidermis, the outer covering of skin in mammals.

Front 41

Papillary layer

Back 41

•The squiggly lines between the derimis and epidermis.

•the uppermost layer of the dermis. It intertwines with the rete ridges of the epidermis and is composed of fine and loosely arranged collagen fibers.

Front 42

Arrector Pili Muscle

Back 42

small muscles attached to hair follicles in mammals. Contraction of these muscles causes the hairs to stand on end, known colloquially as goose bumps.

Hint 42

Front 43

Hair Root and Shaft

Back 43

Front 44

Sebaceous (oil) Gland

Back 44

•Empties into hair follicle.

•Lubricates the skin and hair.

Hint 44

Front 45

Suboriferous Glands (most common iseccrine sweat gland)

Back 45

•Duct empties to skinn

•Homeostasis.

Hint 45

Front 46

Meissner/tactile corpuscles

Back 46

•in the dermal papillae.

•Sensitive to touch.

Hint 46

Front 47

Merkel Cells/tactile disks

Back 47

•Hooked to cells in the epidermil.

•Sensitive to light touch.

•Merkel Cell is attached to the tactile disk.

Front 48

Pacinian/Lamellar Corpuscles

Back 48

•In the dermal/hypodermal boundry and sensitive to pressure.

Hint 48

Front 49

Free nerve endings

Back 49

Very sensitive to pain and light touch.

Front 50

Melanocyte

Back 50

Cell found in the stratum basale of the epidermis that produces melanin.

Front 51

Langerhans (dendritic) Cell

Back 51

Specialized dendritic cell found in the stratum spinosum that functions as a macrophage.

In skin infections, the local langerhan cells take up the process microbial antigens.

Front 52

Stratum Spinosum

Back 52

Front 53

Basal Cell Carcinoma

Back 53

•Most common skin cancer.

•Begins in the basal cells.

Front 54

Melanoma

Back 54

•Most dangerous.

•Comes from melancytes.