Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Water Soluble Hormones
|
adrenaline, noradrenaline, epinephrine, norepinephrine, melatonin, tsh, hgh
|
|
|
lipid soluble hormones
|
testosterone, progesterone, oestrogen, cortisone, alderosterone
|
|
|
how are water soluble hormones transported
|
free floating in plasma
|
|
|
how are lipid soluble hormones transported
|
bind to transport proteins
|
|
|
how do water soluble hormones act on cells
|
act on plasma membrane receptors act via g protein messengers cannot enter cell |
|
|
how do lipid soluble hormones act on cells
|
act on intracellular receptors that directly activate genes, can enter cell
|
|
|
what three factors determine the sensitivity of a cell to a particular hormone |
blood levels of hormone # of target cell receptors affinity of receptor for hormone |
|
|
Three Types of Stimuli a gland may respond to
|
humoral hormonal neural |
|
|
Humoral Stimuli
|
changing blood levels of ions and nutrients directly stimulate secretion of hormones
|
|
|
Hormonal Stimuli
|
hormones stimulate other endocrine organs to release their hormones
|
|
|
Neural Stimuli
|
nerve fibers stimulate hormone release
|
|
|
Negative Feedback Loop for Thyroid (thyroxine)
|
rising TH levels provide negative feedback inhibition on release of TSH
|
|
|
NFL of Gonads
|
GnRH production
|
|
|
NFL of Pancreas
|
rise in blood glucose stimulates release of insulin
|
|
|
NFL of Thyroid/Parathyroid
|
Rising Ca in blood inhibits PTH release
|
|
|
Physiologic Purpose of Lymphatic System
|
to return proteins and fluids to blood immune response to bacteria |
|
|
Macrophages
|
phagocytize foreign substances, help activate T cells
|
|
|
Dendritic Cells
|
capture antigens and deliver them to lymph nodes
|
|
|
T cells
|
manage immune response, detect and destroy infected cells
|
|
|
B cells
|
produce plasma cells which secrete antibodies
|
|
|
lymph
|
contains nutrients, oxygen, hormones, and fatty acids as well as toxins and cellular waste products that are transported to and from cellular tissues
|
|
|
lymphatic vessels
|
transport lymph from peripheral tissues to the veins of the cardiovascular system
|
|
|
lymph nodes
|
monitor composition of lymph, and immunologic response
|
|
|
spleen
|
monitors blood composition, immunologic response
|
|
|
thymus
|
serves as the site of T-lymphocyte maturation, development, and control
|
|
|
Spleen differs from other lymphoid organs
|
largest blood filter |
|
|
thymus differs from other lymphoid organs
|
most active during childhood increases in size then decreases in size from adolescence through old age |
|
|
role and function of MALT
|
regulates mucosal immunity protects from pathogens trying to enter body |
|
|
parathyroid gland
|
releases PTH, which raises blood Ca levels and is activated humorally by low Ca levels
|
|
|
Thyroid gland
|
T3 and T4, which control metabolism and is activated hormonally by TSH
|
|
|
Adrenal Cortex
|
releases cortisol and aldosterone, cortisol helps regulate metabolism and helps body respond to stress. Aldosterone controls BP. both activated hormonally by ACTH
|
|
|
adrenal medulla
|
catecholamines
|
|
|
pituitary
|
FSH - spermatogenesis Prolactin - stimulates growth of mammary glands and lactation Leutinizing Hormone - stimulates ovulation |
|
|
Gonads
|
Inhibin - inhibits secretion of follicle stimulating hormone
|
