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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Agriculture theory
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theory suggests the spread of Proto-Indo-European language occurred because of agricultural innovation
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Amerind
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the oldest, largest, and most widely distributed family (superfamily), which is spread from the shores of Hudson Bay to the coast of Tierra del Fuego
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Austronesian
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an ancestral language gave rise to the Austro-Tai family of languages, and out of this family arose Austronesian
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Conquest theory
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the Proto-Indo-European homeland source lay somewhere north of the Black Sea; it is believed these peoples spread westward, overpowered inhabitants and began the diffusion and differentiation of Indo-European tongues
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Deep reconstruction
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if it is possible to deduce a large part of the vocabulary of an extinct language, it may be feasible to go even further and re-create the language that preceded it
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Eskimo-Aleut
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family of languages, who are still concentrated along Artic and near-Artic shores
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Fijian
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a discrete Malayo-Polynesian offshoot
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Language convergence
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language convergence is a type of contact-induced change whereby languages of equal social prestige with many bilingual speakers mutually borrow morphological and syntactic features, making their typology more similar
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Language divergence
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differentiation over time and space
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Language replacement
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languages of traditional, numerically smaller, and technologically less advanced peoples have been replaced, or greatly modified, by the languages of invaders
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Malayo-Polynesian
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when Austronesian speakers managed to reach the Philippines, the movement resulted in the division of Austronesian into two dialects that later developed into major subfamilies, one of these, Malayo-Polynesian
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Na-Dene
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the second oldest, second largest, but much less widely diffused family
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Nostratic
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the core of a pre-Proto-Indo-European language
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Polynesian
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another derivative of the branch
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(Proto) Indo-European language
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the predecessor of Latin, Greek, and Sanskrit, among other ancient languages
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Sound shifts
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the diversification of languages has long been charted through the analysis of sound shifts
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