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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Agriculture
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The deliberate tending of crop and livestock to produce food and feed.
Ex. Growing Corn. |
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Animal domestication
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When people started to keep animals for pets and food.
Ex. Domesticated Cows |
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Plant domestication
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When people began to farm a part of a plant
Ex. Strawberry |
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First Agricultural Revolution
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Dating back about 10-12,000 years ago when the development of seed agriculture
Ex. Agriculture on Nile River |
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Second Agricultural Revolution
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The 17th and 18th century; new inventions from the Industrial Revolution helped this.
Ex. Cotton Gin, Steel Plow |
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Third Agricultural Revolution
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Characterized by plant & animal cultivation, food processing and marketing
Ex. Commerical Agriculture |
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Cadastral system
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Related influence on patterns of settlement and land use that declines property lines
Ex. Homeowner Taxes |
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Long-lot survey
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System that divides land into narrow parcels
Ex. Subdivison of Lots |
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Maladaptive diffusion
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Houses that are diffused in areas where they are not appropriate
Ex. Homes in Industirial Zones |
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Survey Patterns
Long lots Metes and Bounds Township and Range |
Patterns of land division and survey.
Ex. Metes and bounds survey |
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Metes and bounds survey
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System of land surveying that uses natural features.
Ex. Homes built into Hills |
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Primogeniture
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All land is passed on to the eldest son
Ex. Inheirtance |
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Rectangular land survey
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System that was adopted by the U.S. Government & divides land into rectangular parcels
Ex. Long Lots |
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Wattle
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Houses built from poles and sticks and are plastered with mud
Ex. Mud Huts |
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Agribusiness
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Transformed farms into corporate-like units
Ex. Tyson Meat Corporation |
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Biotechnology
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The use of genetically engineered crops in agriculture and DNA manipulation in livestock to increase production
Ex. GNO's Gentically enhanced seeds |
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Commercial agriculture
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A type of farming in which farmers produce food for sale
Ex. Commerical produced Dairy |
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Green Revolution
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Revolution that tried to increase production of crops and end global hunger
Ex. World Food Organization |
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Luxury crops
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Crops that need to be grown in suitable environment and needs available labor
Ex. Tabacco |
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Organic agriculture
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Crops produced without pesticides and fertilizers
Ex. Organic Tomatoes |
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Plantation agriculture
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Production system where cash crops are grown on large estates
Ex. Southern plantations in U.S during 19th century |
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Cereal Grain
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A grass yielding grain for food.
Ex. Wheat |
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Crop Rotation
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The rotation of crops as to not exhaust the soil.
Ex. Corn and Soy Bean Rotation in Midwest |
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Agricultural Landscape
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The characteristics of agriculture and it's impact on the land.
Ex. Farms |
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Agricultural Industrialization
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Part of the third agricultural revolution, where food production is produced in bulk.
Ex. Commercial Agriculture |
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Agricultural origins
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Transfer from a hunter-gather society into an Agrarian Society around 10,000 years ago in Fertile Crescent.
Ex. Wheat |
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Aquaculture
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Production of fish and water based food sources.
Ex. Commercial Fish Farms |
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Bio-revolution
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Biotechnology and the use of genetically modified food.
Ex. Genetically modified seeds |
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Cultivation Regions
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Regions of crop cultivation.
Ex. Midwest Corn Cultivation |
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Desertification
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The transition of fertile land into desert lands.
Ex. Saharan Desert Region |
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Economic Activity
Primary Secondary Tertiary Quaternary |
Divisions economic activity, creation of wealth through production of goods and services.
Ex. Mining: Primary Activity |
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Environmental Modifications
Pesticides Soil Erosion Desertification |
Modifications to the environment as a result of human activity.
Ex. Use of Pesticides (DDT) |
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Subsistence Agriculture
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Producing only enough for yourself and family.
Ex. Early Family Farms |
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Slash and Burn Agriculture
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The burning of forest lands to clear for agricultural uses.
Ex. Brazil Deforestation |
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Extractive Industry
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An industry that extracts resources for use.
Ex. Mining |
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Farm Crisis
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State of emergency in agricultral production on a farm.
Ex. Frozen Oranges in Florida |
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Genetically Modified Foods
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(GFM) Foods that are as result of new biotechnology and of artificial origin.
Ex. Genetically modified Tomatoes |
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Fishing
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A primary economic activity to harvest aqua-cultural resources
Ex. Lobster Fishing |
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Globalized Agriculture
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Interconnected web of produce, and agricultural production.
Ex. U.S Corn Exports |
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Grain
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A primary food source.
Ex. Wheat |
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Growing Season
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The time appropriated to the growth of a crop.
Ex. Early Spring to Early Fall |
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Horticulture
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Process of preparing soil for the planting of seeds.
Ex. Fertilizer |
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Inter-tillage
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The practice of planting taller, stronger crops to shelter lower, fragile ones from tropical
downpours. Ex. Cultivation of Crops between rows. |
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Livestock Ranching
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The production of livestock on a ranch setting.
Ex. Livestock ranch in Montana |
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Mineral Fuel
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Minerals that are used for fuel.
Ex. Uranium in Nuclear plants |
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Mining
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Primary activity of harvest earth's mineral resources.
Ex. Coal Mining |
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Nonrenewable
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Resources that are limited in nature and cannot be reused.
Ex. Oil |
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Pasture
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Land used for grazing of Livestock.
Ex. Ranch Pasture |
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Ranching
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Production of Livestock.
Ex. Cattle Ranching |
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Reaper
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A tool used for harvesting wheat.
Ex. Wheat reaper before invention of tractors and combines. |
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Planned Economy
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An Economy that results of overhead planning, opposite of free-market economy.
Ex. Swedish Economy |
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Sawah
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Simulation Algorithm for Water Flow in Aqueous in Habitats
Ex. Rice Patty |
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Staple grains
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Grains that are staple, main crops of nourishment.
Ex. Rice, Wheat |
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Wet Rice
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Rice produced in wet climates.
Ex. Sawah |
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Transhumance
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The migration of cattle from pasture to highlands.
Ex. Cattle transhumance in Argentina |
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Agricultural Location Model
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A model that deals with why agriculture is located in particular regions.
Ex. Midwest Bread Basket |
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Sustainable yield
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ecological yield that can be extracted without reducing the base of capital itself.
Ex. Forestry |
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Winnow
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To free of unwanted or inferior elements.
Ex. Removal of Weeds |
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Von Thunen, Johann
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Prominent nineteenth century economist, developed the basics of the theory of marginal productivity.
Ex. Thunen Model |
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Sauer, Carl O
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American geographer, which considered how cultural landscapes are made up of "the forms superimposed on the physical landscape."
Ex. Sauer Model |