Ap Human Geo Unit Test

Front 1

Scale

Back 1

is the territorial extent of something

Front 2

Site

Back 2

the physical characteristics of any specific location (climate, physical geog., elevation, latitude, vegetation, etc.

Front 3

Situation

Back 3

characteristics of a specific location relative to it’s surroundings, to other things, places.

Front 4

Location- Absolute

Back 4

Absolute locations remain fixed

Front 5

Location-Relative

Back 5

Relative can change over time

Front 6

Location Theory

Back 6

field of study that answers questions about location

Front 7

Sense of Place

Back 7

the emotion & labeling of a place

Front 8

Perceptions of Place

Back 8

our knowledge without first hand experience (books, stories, movies, photos, rumour).

Front 9

Regions

Back 9

Patterns of phenomena are not evenly distributed across the globe, instead they form regions.

Front 10

Movement

Back 10

Mobility of goods, people, information, knowledge across the Earth --> connectivity

Front 11

Distance Decay

Back 11

Barriers to movement.

Front 12

Concept of Friction of distance

Back 12

“Everything is related to everything else, but near things are more related than distant things”

Front 13

Time-Space Compression

Back 13

tech and modern transportation allow goods, resources, ideas, information, trends & culture to move across the world instantly

Front 14

Globalization

Back 14

expansion of political, economic & cultural

processes so that they have become ‘global’ in scale

Front 15

Outcomes of Globalization: Economic

Back 15

Development & Benefits (jobs, growth, income) are unevenly distributed

Front 16

Outcomes of Globalization: Political

Back 16

systems, policy, forms of government becoming global with organizations (UN) getting more powerful

Front 17

Outcomes of Globalization:Cultural

Back 17

cultural assimilation is occurring as technology allows culture to diffuse quickly across the world - the world is becoming more inline with dominant culture

Front 18

cultural landscape

Back 18

human imprint on the Earth

Front 19

Sequent occupance

Back 19

cultural succession on

the landscape (architecture and character of a city)

Front 20

Formal Region (uniform region)

Back 20

A common

physical, cultural, political link or characteristics.

ie. German speaking region of Europe ie. A Desert

Front 21

Functional Region (nodal region)

Back 21

social, political, economic activities occur within / connect / create a region

Front 22

Perceptual Region (vernacular region)

Back 22

Exist in our minds and perceptions of identity

Front 23

Toponyms

Back 23

They are debated on the landscape due to different values,

perspectives, history, events.

Front 24

Cultural Trait

Back 24

single cultural attribute ie. saying “eh”

Front 25

cultural complex

Back 25

a collection of traits

Front 26

Cultural Hearth

Back 26

origin / the source of any cultural trait (Mecca)

Front 27

Cultural diffusion

Back 27

process of dissemination, the spreading of an idea or innovation from its hearth to other areas

Front 28

Time & distance decay / connectivity

Back 28

the further from the hearth, less likely the trait will develop or the weaker it will be

Front 29

cultural barriers

Back 29

slow diffusion and culture can also speed it up. ie. languages are barriers

Front 30

Expansion Diffusion

Back 30

idea or innovation spreads outward from the hearth

Front 31

contagious diffusion

Back 31

preads adjacently to who is closest like ! a disease spreads.

Front 32

hierarchial diffusion

Back 32

spreads selectively to most linked /alike people /places first.

Front 33

stimulus diffusion

Back 33

spread of an underlying idea/concept but

the trait not fully adopted but still has influence in shaping new traits. (Mc dicks in india)

Front 34

Relocation Diffusion

Back 34

the trait spreads from people moving and relocating

Front 35

Cartography

Back 35

the art & science of map making

Front 36

cartographer

Back 36

map maker

Front 37

Remote Sensing

Back 37

collecting data by instruments that are physically distant from the area of study

Front 38

Global Positioning System (GPS)

Back 38

satellites orbit the earth and broadcast location information to receivers on the surface

Front 39

Geographic Information System (GIS)

Back 39

a collection of computer hardware (GPS) and software that permits storage & analysis of layers of spatial data

Front 40

Reference Maps (political, physical, topographic)

Back 40

Shows locations of places & physical features.

Front 41

Thematic Maps

Back 41

Provide information about a characteristic, patterns of distribution, or movement. Very common in human geog.

Front 42

Mental Maps

Back 42

Maps we carry in our minds of places we have been & places we have heard of

Front 43

Activity Spaces

Back 43

places you go to regularly

Front 44

Mercator Projection

Back 44

preserves direction but distorts landmass near the poles

Front 45

Fuller Projection

Back 45

preserves landmass size but rearranges direction so N-E-S-W have no relevance

Front 46

Goodes Projection

Back 46

Provides much better land mass proportions but requires some grafting

Front 47

Robinson Projection

Back 47

tries to minimize all the problems yet nothing is perfect

Front 48

Peters Projection

Back 48

controversial newer projection showing a more accurate view of the world

Front 49

Name of all maps

Back 49

mercanter

robinson

goodes

petersxpansiosne

Front 50

expansions

Back 50

contagious

hierachial

stimulus