Ap Human Geo Chap 7

Front 1

Religion

Back 1

A system of beliefs and practices that attempts to order life in terms of culturally perceived ultimate priorities

Front 2

Secularism

Back 2

The idea that ethical and moral standards should be formulated and adhered to for life on Earth, not to accommodate the prescriptions of a deity and Promises of a comfortable afterlife

Front 3

Monotheistic religion

Back 3

Belief system in which one Supreme Being is revered as Creator and arbiter of all that exists in the universe

Front 4

Polytheistic religion

Back 4

Belief system in which multiple deities are revered as creators and Arbiters of all that exists in the universe

Front 5

Animastic religion

Back 5

The belief that inanimate objects, hills, trees, rocks, rivers, and other elements of the natural landscape, possess souls and help or hinder human efforts on Earth

Front 6

Universalizing religion

Back 6

A belief system that espouses the idea that there's one true religion that is universal in scope

Front 7

Ethnic religion

Back 7

A religion that is particular to one, culturally distinct, group of people

Front 8

Hinduism

Back 8

Oldest religions of the modern world, dating back 4000 years. Unique among the world's religions in that it does not have a single founder, a single theology, or agreement on its origin

Front 9

Caste system

Back 9

The strict social segregation of people on the basis of ancestry an occupation

Front 10

Buddhism

Back 10

Religion founded in 6 Century BCE and characterized by the belief that enlightenment would come through knowledge, especially self-knowledge; elimination of grief, craving, and desire; complete honesty; and never hurting another person or animal

Front 11

Shintoism

Back 11

Religion located in Japan and related to Buddhism. Focuses particularly on nature and ancestor worship

Front 12

Taoism

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Religion believe to have been founded by Lao Tsu based upon his book "Tao Te Ching". Lao Tsu focused on the proper form of political Rule and on the Oneness of humanity and nature

Front 13

Feng Shui

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The Chinese art and science of placement in orientation of tombs, dwellings, buildings, and cities

Front 14

Confucianism

Back 14

The philosophy of ethics, education, and public service based on the writings of Confucius and traditionally thought of as one of the core elements of Chinese culture

Front 15

Judaism

Back 15

Religion with its roots in the teaching of Abraham who is credited with uniting his people to worship only one God. According to its teachings Abraham and God have a covenant in which the Jews agree to worship only one God and God agrees to protect his chosen people the Jews

Front 16

Diaspora

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A term describing forceful or voluntary dispersal of people from their homeland to a new place

Front 17

Zionism

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Movement to unite the Jewish people of the diaspora and establish a national homeland for them in the promised land

Front 18

Christianity

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Religion based on the teachings of Jesus. According to its teachings, Jesus is the son of God, placed on Earth to teach people how to live according to God's plan

Front 19

Eastern Orthodox Church

Back 19

One is three major branches of Christianity; split from the Roman Catholic Church in 1054 CE

Front 20

Roman Catholic Church

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One of the three major branches of Christianity. This coming together with the Eastern Orthodox Church, arose out of the division of the Roman Empire by emperor Diocletian into for governmental regions: Two western regions centered in Rome, and two Eastern regions centered in Constantinople

Front 21

Protestant

Back 21

One of the three major branches of Christianity. Following the widespread societal changes in Europe during the 1300's C.E many adherents to the Roman Catholic Church began to question the role of religion in their lives opened the door to the Protestant Reformation wherein John Huss, Martin Luther, John Calvin, and other challenged many of the fundamental teachings of the Roman Catholic Church

Front 22

Islam

Back 22

The youngest of the major world religions, it is based on the teachings of Mohammed, born in Mecca and 571 C.E. According to its teachings, Muhammad received the truth directly from Allah in a series of Revelations during which Muhammad spoke the verses of the Quran, their holy book

Front 23

Sunni

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Adherents to the largest branch of Islam, called the Orthodox or traditionalist. They believe in the effectiveness of family and community in the solutions of life's problems, and they differ from the other Islamic branch in accepting the traditions of Muhammad as authoritative

Front 24

Shi'ite

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Adherents of one of the two main divisions of Islam. Believe in the infallibility and divine right to authority of the imams, descendants of Ali

Front 25

Indigenous religions

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Belief systems and philosophies practiced and traditionally passed from generation to generation among peoples within an indigenous tribe or group

Front 26

Shamanism

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Community faith in traditional societies in which people follow their shaman - religious leader, teacher, healer, and visionary

Front 27

Pilgrimage

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Voluntary travel by an adherent to a sacred site to pay respects or participate in a ritual at the site

Front 28

Sacred sites

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Place or space people infuse with religious meaning

Front 29

Minarets

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Towers attached to a Muslim mosque, having one or more projecting balcony from which a crier calls Muslim prayers

Front 30

Hajj

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The Muslim pilgrimage to Mecca, the birthplace if Muhammad

Front 31

Interfaith boundaries

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Boundaries between the world's major faiths

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Intrafaith boundaries

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Boundaries within a single major faith

Front 33

Ethnic cleansing

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The systematic killing or extermination of an entire people or nation

Front 34

Activity space

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The space in which activity occurs

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Religious fundamentalism

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Religious movement whose objectives are to return to the foundations of the faith and to influence state policy

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Religious extremism

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Religious fundamentalism carried to the point of violence

Front 37

Jihad

Back 37

A doctrine within Islam. Represents either a personal or collective struggle on the part of Muslims to live up to the religious standards set by the Qu'ran

Hint 37

Commonly translated as "Holy War"