Ap Human Chapter 1 Vocab

Front 1

Abiotoc

Back 1

Composed of nonliving or inorganic matter

Front 2

Atmosphere

Back 2

thin layer of gases surrounding Earth

Front 3

Biosphere

Back 3

All living organisms on Earth, including plants and animals, as well as microorganisms

Front 4

Biotic

Back 4

Composed of living organisms

Front 5

Cartography

Back 5

science of making maps

Front 6

Climate

Back 6

Long term average weather condition at a particular location

Front 7

Concentration

Back 7

Spread of something over a given area

Front 8

Connection

Back 8

Relationships among people and objects across the barrier of space

Front 9

Conservation

Back 9

Sustainable management of a natural resource

Front 10

Contagious diffusion

Back 10

The rapid, widespread diffusion of a feature of trend throughout a population

Front 11

Cultural Ecology

Back 11

geographic approach that emphasizes human-environment relationships

Front 12

Cultural landscape

Back 12

fashioning of a natural landscape by a cultural group

Front 13

Culture

Back 13

Body of customary beliefs, social forms, and material traits that together constitute a group's distinct tradition

Front 14

Density

Back 14

frequency with which something exists within a given unit of area

Front 15

Diffusion

Back 15

Process of spread of a feature or trend from one place to another over time

Front 16

Distance Decay

Back 16

diminishing in importance and eventual disappearance of a phenomenon with increasing distance from its origin

Front 17

Distribution

Back 17

Arrangement of something across Earth's surface

Front 18

Ecology

Back 18

Scientific study of ecosystems

Front 19

Ecosystem

Back 19

group of living organisms and abiotic spheres with which they interact

Front 20

Environmental determinism

Back 20

A nineteenth and early twentieth-century approach to the study of geography which argued that general laws sought by human geographers could be found in the physical sciences. Geography therefore the study of how physical environment caused human activities

Front 21

Expansion diffusion

Back 21

Spread of a future of rend among people from one area to another in an additive process

Front 22

Formal Region (uniform/homogenous)

Back 22

area in which everyone shares in common one or more distinctive characteristics

Front 23

Functional region(nodal region_

Back 23

area organized around a node or focal point

Front 24

Geographic information science (GIScience)

Back 24

Development and analysis of data about Earth acquired through satellite and other electronic information technologies

Front 25

Geographic Information System (GIS)

Back 25

Computer system that stores, organizes, analyzes, displays geographic data

Front 26

Global Positioning System (GPS)

Back 26

System that determines precise position of something on Earth through a series of satellites, tracking stations, recievers

Front 27

Globalization

Back 27

Actions or processes or involve the entire world and result in making something worldwide in scope

Front 28

Greenwich Mean Time (GMT)

Back 28

The time in the zone encompassing the prime meridian or 0 longitude

Front 29

Hearth

Back 29

The region which innovative ideas originate

Front 30

Hierarchial diffusion

Back 30

spread of feature or trend from one key person or node of authority or power to other persons or places

Front 31

Housing Bubble

Back 31

rapid increase in value of houses followed by sharp decline

Front 32

Hydrosphere

Back 32

All of water on and near Earh surface

Front 33

International Date Line

Back 33

Arc that follows 180 longitude, though deviates in several places to avoid dividing land areas. When you cross it heading east , clock moves back 24 hrs, when west moves ahead 24 hrs

Front 34

Latitude

Back 34

Numbering system used to indicate the location of parallels drawn on a globe and measuring distance north and south of the equator

Front 35

Lithosphere

Back 35

Earth's crust and portion of upper mantle directly below the crust

Front 36

Location

Back 36

Position of anything on Earth's surface

Front 37

Longitude

Back 37

#ing system used to indicated location of meridians drawn on a globe and measuring distance east and west of the prime meridian

Front 38

Map

Back 38

2d representation of Earth surface or portion of it

Front 39

Map scale

Back 39

relationship between size of object on a map and the size of the actual feature on earth surface

Front 40

Mental Map

Back 40

representation of portion of earth surface based by individual knows about place, containing impressions of what is in place and where the place is located

Front 41

Meridian

Back 41

an arc drawn on a map between the North and South poles

Front 42

Network

Back 42

A chain of communication that connects places

Front 43

Nonrenewable source

Back 43

Something produced in nature more slowly than it is consumed by humans

Front 44

Parallel

Back 44

circle drawn around globe parallel to the equator and at right angles to meridians

Front 45

Pattern

Back 45

geometric or regular arrangement of something in study area

Front 46

Place

Back 46

specific point on Earth distinguished by particular characteristic

Front 47

Polder

Back 47

Land created by the Dutch by draining water from an area

Front 48

Possibilism

Back 48

theory that physical environment may set limits on human actions, but people have the ability to adjust to the physical environment and choose a course of action from many alternatives

Front 49

Preservation

Back 49

maintenance of resources in their present condition with as little human impact as possible

Front 50

Prime Meridian

Back 50

Meridian, designated by 0 longitude , passes through royal observatory at greenwich england

Front 51

Projection

Back 51

System used to transfer locations from Earths surface to a flat map

Front 52

Region

Back 52

Area distinguished by unique comb of trends or features

Front 53

Regional (cultural landscape) studies

Back 53

approach to geography that emphasizes the relationships among social and physical phenomena in particular study area

Front 54

Relocation diffusion

Back 54

spread of a feature or trend through bodily movement of people from one place to another

Front 55

Remote sensing

Back 55

acquisition of data about Earth's surface from a satellite orbiting the planet or from other long-distance methods

Front 56

Renewable Resource

Back 56

something produced in nature more rapidly than it is consumed by humans

Front 57

Resource

Back 57

A substance in environment that is useful to people, is economically and technologically feasible to access and is socially acceptable to use

Front 58

Scale

Back 58

Relationship between the portion of Earth being studied and Earth as a whole

Front 59

Site

Back 59

physical character of a place

Front 60

Situation

Back 60

Location of a place relative to another place

Front 61

Space

Back 61

Physical gap or interval between two objects

Front 62

Space-time compression

Back 62

reduction in the time it takes to diffuse something to a distant place as a result of improved communications and transportation systems

Front 63

Stimulus diffusion

Back 63

Spread of an underlying principle even though a specific characteristic is rejected

Front 64

Sustainability

Back 64

use of Earths renewable and nonrenewable natural resources in ways that do not constrain resource use in the future

Front 65

Toponym

Back 65

name given to a portion of Earths surface

Front 66

Transnational corporation

Back 66

Company that conducts research, operates factories, and sells products in many countries, not just where its headquarters or share holders are located

Front 67

Uneven development

Back 67

increasing gap in economic conditions between core and peripheral regions as a result of the globalization of the economy

Front 68

Vernacular Region(perceptual region)

Back 68

area that people believe exists as part of their cultural identity