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64 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Balance of Power
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Principle of maintaining equalibrium in international politics
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Absolute Monarchy
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system of government in which the ruler determines policy without consulting others
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Enlightened Monarchy
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More religous toleration, consulted with parliament
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What was the Spanish Succession all about?
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who should succeed to the thrown of spain
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Who was supposed to be the next in line for king of spain?
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Grandson of Louis XIV of France
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What ended the war of spanish succession?
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Treaty of Utrect
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What did the treaty of Utrect say?
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Louis XIV grandson could be king but France and Spain could never unite.
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Who was in the Grand alliance against France in 1701?
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Netherlands, Britan, Austria, and Prussia
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What did Jenkin's Ear getting cut off lead to?
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A war between Great Britan and Spain over trade
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What was the Diplomatic Revolution?
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A reversal of alliances, Maria Theresa gave up allaince with Great Britan and made one with Austria and France.
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What was the Seven Years war also known as?
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The French and Indian War
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What did Mazarin do?
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Crushed the Fronde
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What did Louis XIV do?:
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Set up a large army for france, symbolized absolute monarchy at Versailles where nobles were.
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What is indivisible sorvereignty?
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Theory that says that one person who is sovereign, should have all power to govern a community
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What did Bishop Bossuet think?
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That rulers had divine right given by god and should make decisions
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What did Colbert do?
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picked up off where Sully stopped, eliminated tax farming, high tariffs
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What was the gabelle?
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Taxing of salt
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What was the Fronde?
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A series of rebellions, wanted to revive the indepence of the local regions and restore power of nobility
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What was Lever de roi?
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Morning rituals of King, nobles as servants
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What did Louis XIV want to do territory wise?
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Have france have natural frontiers
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What was the Magna Carta?
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English document that intended to protect the liberties of nobles
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What was the Petition of Right?
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Charles I signed it, it said couldn't levy taxes without Parliament, not to declare martial law, quarter soldiers in private homes, or to imprison people without charge
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What did the Habeus Corpus Act say?
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That before someone was to be arrest they are placed before a judge
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What was the Bill of Rights?
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Declared parliament would choose the ruler, and they would be subject to parliamentary laws
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What was the House of Lords?
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Parliament made of nobles and clergy
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What was the House of Commons?
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Parliament made of burgesses and knight, however became the voice of the people
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Why was the King James Bible made?
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James I wanted to please Puritans so he made Bible in english
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Who were Puritans?
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A group who wanted to "purify" england's church even further from Catholicism
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What was the book of common prayer?
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The name of the book used in commmunion of Angelican masses
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Who were Presbeyterians?
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Scottish Calvinists
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How did the English Civil War start?
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When he led his troops to the House of Commons and tried to arrest the leaders
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What happened in the English Civil War?
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Cromwell's puritans defeated the royalists
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Who were the Levellers?
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An alliance of people who thought people were born free and had natural rights
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Who were the Cavliers?
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Fighters of the King and Charles
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Who were the roundheads?
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Supporters of the Parliament and puritans
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What was the New Model Army?
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An army that didn't include people from Parliament
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What was the Grand Remonstrance?
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A list of grieveances presented to king charles I of england. Helped forment the english civil war
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How was the rump parliament formed?
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When Cromwell and the independent army only let independents in the house of common
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Who made up the rump parliament?
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60 independents in favor of cromwell.
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What was the commonwealth?
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What england was called during the time of cromwell which mean republic. Really was dictator
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What was the restoration?
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When new parliament of 1660 brought back charles I from exile. The period
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What was the Test Act?
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English Penal laws that served a religious tests
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What was the Glorious Revolution?
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When groups who opposed James came together against James, he ended up fleeing.
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Why was James II an unpopular ruler?
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Because he was Catholic and people feared a long line of Catholic rule
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What did hobbes believe?
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That the monarch must have absolute power or anarchy would result
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What did Locke believe?
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Monarch and people must make social contract, people keep their natural rights
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What was the Protectorate?
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The period in which Cromwell was given the title Lord Protector
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Who were the Whigs and Torries?
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England's political parties
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Who were the Whigs?
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Wanted strong hereditary monarchy, supported angelican church
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Who were the Torries?
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Weak monarchy, strong parliament, didn't want roman catholic ruler
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Who were the Hohenzollerens?
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The powerful leading royal family of prussia, expanded from middle ages
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Why was silesia important?
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Rich farmlands, iron deposits
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Who was the father of Maria Theresa?
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Emperor Charles VI
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What did Charles VI do?
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Made pragmatic sanction for Maria Theresa and had everyone sign
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What was the Pragmatic Sanction?
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Allowed Maria Theresa to inherit the Hapsburg lands intact
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Who was Joeseph II?
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Son of Maria Theresa, abolished serfdom
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What was the libruim veto of Poland?
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Each member of the diet could veto any action of the entire diet
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What was the diet of Poland?
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The national parliament of Poland that was highly ineffective
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Which countries took part of Poland in the Partitions and what parts did they take?
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Austria took south, Prussia took the west, Russia took east
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Who were dhimmi's?
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Religious minorities of Ottoman empire, non islamic
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How were dhimmi's treated?
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Could practice own religion but were second class citizens. Eventually became more powerful because of skills
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What were millets?
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units that ottoman empire governed through, recognized as religious communities
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Why did Ottoman Empire fall?
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Failure to modernize
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Why did the Ottoman Empire fail to modernize?
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Shari'a was very old fasioned religion and the Ulama urged the sultans to conform to traditional lifestyle
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