Ap History Ch. 2 Flashcards

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Glorious Revolution

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the revolution against James II; there was little armed resistance to William and Mary in England although battles were fought in Scotland and Ireland (1688-1689)

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Colonial Regions-New England, Middle, Chesapeake, Southern

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a region of northeastern United States comprising Maine and New Hampshire and Vermont and Massachusetts and Rhode Island and Connecticut/New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and sometimes Delaware/Virginia, Maryland

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Oliver Cromwell

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English general and statesman who led the parliamentary army in the English Civil War (1599-1658)

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Joint-Stock Company

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a company (usually unincorporated) which has the capital of its members pooled in a common fund; transferable shares represent ownership interest; shareholders are legally liable for all debts of the company

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Richard Hakylut

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an English writer. He is principally remembered for his efforts in promoting and supporting the settlement of North America by the English through his works

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Advarice

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extreme greed for material wealth

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Capt. John Smith

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English soldier, explorer, and author. He is remembered for his role in establishing the first permanent English settlement in North America at Jamestown, Virginia

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Sir John Rolfe

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was one of the early English settlers of North America. He is credited with the first successful cultivation of tobacco as an export crop in the Colony of Virginia

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Sir Edwin Sandys

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was an English statesman and one of the founders of the proprietary Virginia Company of London

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Virginia Company

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a pair of English joint stock companies chartered by James I on April 10 1606 with the purposes of establishing settlements on the coast of North America.

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Headright

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a legal grant of land to settlers.

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House of Burgesses

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the lower house of legislature in colonial Virginia

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Sir George Calvert/ Lord Baltimore

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He achieved domestic political success as a Member of Parliament and later Secretary of State under King James I

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Separatists

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A person who advocates or seeks the splitting of one country or territory into two politically independent countries or territories

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William Bradford

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United States printer (born in England) whose press produced the first American prayer book and the New York City's first newspaper (1663-1752)

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Mayflower Compact

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the first governing document of Plymouth Colony. It was written by the colonists, later together known to history as the Pilgrims, who crossed the Atlantic aboard the Mayflower.

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Squanto

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was a Patuxet. He was the Native American who assisted the Pilgrims after their first winter in the New World and was integral to their survival.

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Puritans

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The Puritans were a significant grouping of English-speaking Protestants in the 16th and 17th-century.

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John Winthrop

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obtained a royal charter, along with other wealthy Puritans, from King Charles for the Massachusetts Bay Company and led a group of English Puritans to the New World in 1630.

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Congregationalism

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system of beliefs and church government of a Protestant denomination in which each member church is self-governing

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Antinomianism

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the theological doctrine that by faith and God's grace a Christian is freed from all laws

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Gov. Nicolls

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the first British colonial governor of New York.

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Duke's Laws

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a set of guidelines laid out during colonial times in Long Island.

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Peter Stuyvesant

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the last Dutch colonial administrator of New Netherland; in 1664 he was forced to surrender the colony to England (1592-1672)

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George Fox

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English religious leader who founded the Society of Friends (1624-1691)

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"Freemen"

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those persons who were not under legal restraint

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Roger Williams

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English clergyman and colonist who was expelled from Massachusetts for criticizing Puritanism; he founded Providence in 1636 and obtained a royal charter for Rhode Island in 1663 (1603-1683)

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Anne Hutchinson

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American colonist (born in England) who was banished from Boston for her religious views (1591-1643)

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William Penn

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Englishman and Quaker who founded the colony of Pennsylvania (1644-1718)

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Charter of Liberties

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a written proclamation by Henry I of England, issued upon his ascension to the throne in 1100. It sought to bind the King to certain laws regarding the treatment of church officials and nobles.

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True and Absolute Lord Proprietors of Carolina

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Were granted a charter to the territory between Virginia and Florida, however, their attempts to settle the land were unsuccessful.

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Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina

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dopted in March 1669 by the eight Lords Proprietor of the Province of Carolina, which included most of the land in between what is now Virginia and Florida. Unpopular with many of the early settlers, the Fundamental Constitutions were never ratified by the assembly and were largely abandoned by 1700

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James Oglethorpe

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founder of the colony of Georgia. As a social reformer in Britain, he hoped to resettle Britain's poor, especially those in debtors' prison, in the New World.