Ap Hisory Chapter 4 Vocab

Front 1

Backcountry

Back 1

A region stretching stretching approximately eight hundred miles from western Pennsylvania to Georgia.

Front 2

Great Awakening

Back 2

Widespread evangelical religious revival movement of the mid-1700's. The movement divided congregations and weakened the authority of established churches in the colonies.

Front 3

Fort Duquesne

Back 3

A french fort established in 1754 in Pennsylvania where Pittsburgh is now.

Front 4

King Georges War

Back 4

Known in Europe as the War of the Austrian Succession, the colonists were victorious over the French. Ended in 1748 with the treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle. Louisberg was handed back to the French in exchange for concessions elsewhere.

Front 5

Albany Plan

Back 5

Benjamin Franklin's plan for the formation of a Grand Council, made up of elected delegates from various colonies to oversee matters of common defense, western expansion, and Indian affairs.

Front 6

Albany Congress

Back 6

Elected delegates from various colonies in 1774.

Front 7

Seven Years' War

Back 7

Struggle among Britain, Spain, and France for worldwide control of colonial markets and raw materials.

Front 8

Peace of Paris

Back 8

Treaty signed in 1763 that gave Great Britain Canada, Florida, and all land east of the Mississippi River. Ended the Seven Years War.

Front 9

George Whitefield

Back 9

A young, inspiring preacher from England who toured the colonies from New Hampshire to Georgia as a great public speaker.

Front 10

Jonathan Edwards

Back 10

The local Congregational minister of Massachusetts. Strong believer in Predestination.

Front 11

Parliament

Back 11

Americans claimed that Parliament provided a model for the American assemblies. In some boroughs, representatives to Parliament were chosen by several thousand voters, but in many districts, a handful of electors controlled the result.

Front 12

William Pitt

Back 12

The most powerful minister in George's cabinet, who became the head of the ministry in December 1756 and took personal command over the army and navy during the Seven Years' War

Front 13

General Braddock

Back 13

Commander of the army in the colonies who led a joint force of twenty five hundred redcoats and colonists to defealt in the French and Indian War.

Front 14

Entrepots

Back 14

A trading post where merchandise can be imported and exported without paying duties.

Front 15

John Trenchard and Thomas Gordan

Back 15

Commonwealthmen who penned a series of essays titled Cato's Letters between 1720 and 1723.

Front 16

John Locke

Back 16

A highly influental enlightenment thinker.

Front 17

Pennsylvania Dutch

Back 17

Term that the English used for German migrants, mistaking Deutsch with Dutch.

Front 18

Middle ground

Back 18

The area west of the colonies where Indians lived.

Front 19

Gilbert Tennent

Back 19

A Scots-Irish itinerant preacher who supported ant-intellectualism.

Front 20

Molasses Act

Back 20

Also called the Sugar Act. Placed heavy duties on molasses imported from foreign ports.

Front 21

Charles Chauncy

Back 21

Minister of the First Church of Boston who believed the itinerants relied too much on emotion.

Front 22

Cato’s Letter’s

Back 22

A series of essays written by John Trenchard and Thomas Gordon that protested the corruption of English rulers.

Front 23

James Davenport

Back 23

An anti-intellectualism fanatic who played upon popular emotion during the Great Awakening.

Front 24

“Old Lights”

Back 24

People who believed the revivals were just a lot of emotionalism.

Front 25

“New Lights”

Back 25

Those who supported the new Doctrine.

Front 26

Evangelicals

Back 26

Christians who believed in emotionalism.

Front 27

Henry Muehlenberg

Back 27

German Lutheran leader who lay delegates who ordained ministers of their own choosing.

Front 28

Cotton Mather

Back 28

Leading Congregational minister in Massachusetts

Front 29

Mestizo

Back 29

Person of Spanish and Indian descent.

Front 30

Mulatto

Back 30

Person of Spanish and African descent.

Front 31

Transportation Act

Back 31

Act passed in 1718 that allowed judges from England, Ireland, and Scotland to send convicted felons to the colonies.

Front 32

King William’s War

Back 32

Began in 1689 when William III, the king of England, declared war on the king of France, Louis XIV. Ended in 1697 with the Treaty of Ryswick.

Front 33

Queen Anne’s War

Back 33

Another War between England and France that began in 1702 and ended in 1713 with the Treaty of Utrecht.

Front 34

Navigation Acts

Back 34

Restrictions passed in the 17th century that gave Britain more control over colonial trade.

Front 35

Benjamin Franklin

Back 35

Embodies the enlightenment. A person of reason and science. He invented the lightning rod and promoted the spread of reason.

Front 36

Constitution

Back 36

The English constitution was not a formal document. It found expression in a growing body of law, court decisions, and statutes a sense of political arrangements believed to have evolved from the past, preserving life, liberty, and property.

Front 37

What powers did Royal Governors have and not have?

Back 37

Royal governors could veto legislation, dismiss judges, and serve as military commanders.