Ap Gov't Chapter 4

Front 1

Barron v. Baltimore

Back 1

The 1833 Supreme Court decision holding that the Bill of Rights restrained only the national government, not the states and cities.

Front 2

Gitlow v. New York

Back 2

The 1925 Supreme Court decision holding that freedoms of press and speech are “fundamental personal rights and liberties protected by the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment from impairment by the states ”as well as by the federal government.

Front 3

Lemon v. Kurtzman

Back 3

The 1971 Supreme Court decision that established that aid to church related schools must (1) have a secular legislative purpose; (2) have a primary effect that neither advances nor inhibits religion; and (3) not foster excessive government entanglement with religion.

Front 4

Engel v. Vitale

Back 4

The 1962 Supreme Court decision holding that state officials violated the First Amendment when they wrote a prayer to be recited by New York’s schoolchildren.

Front 5

Near v. Minnesota

Back 5

The 1931 Supreme Court decision holding that the First Amendment protects newspapers from prior restraint.

Front 6

Schenck v. United States

Back 6

A 1919 Supreme Court decision upholding the conviction of a socialist who had urged resistance to the draft during World War I. Justice Holmes declared that government can limit speech if the speech provokes a “clear and present danger” of substantive evils

Front 7

Zurcher v. Stanford Daily

Back 7

A 1978 Supreme Court decision holding that a search warrant could be applied to a newspaper without necessarily violating the First Amendment rights to freedom of the press.

Front 8

Miller v. California

Back 8

A 1973 Supreme Court decision holding that community standards be used to determine whether material is obscene in terms of appealing to a “prurient interest” and being “patently offensive” and lacking in value.

Front 9

New York Times v. Sullivan

Back 9

A 1964 Supreme Court decision establishing that, to win damage suits for libel, public figures must prove that the defamatory statements were made with “actual malice” and reckless disregard for the truth.

Front 10

Texas v. Johnson

Back 10

A 1989 case in which the Supreme Court struck down a law banning the burning of the American flag on the grounds that such action was symbolic speech protected by the First Amendment.

Front 11

Mapp v. Ohio

Back 11

The 1961 Supreme Court decision ruling that the Fourth Amendment’s protection against unreasonable searches and seizures must be extended to the states.

Front 12

Miranda v. Arizona

Back 12

The 1966 Supreme Court decision that sets guidelines for police questioning of accused persons to protect them against self-incrimination and to protect their right to counsel.

Front 13

Gideon v. Wainwright

Back 13

The 1963 Supreme Court decision holding that anyone, however poor, accused of a felony where imprisonment may be imposed has a right to a lawyer.

Front 14

Roe v. Wade

Back 14

The 1973 Supreme Court decision holding that a state ban on abortions was unconstitutional. The decision forbade state control over abortions during the first trimester of pregnancy, permitted states to limit abortions to protect the mother’s health in the second trimester, and permitted states to ban abortion during the third trimester.

Front 15

Planned Parenthood v. Casey

Back 15

A 1992 case in which the Supreme Court loosened its standard for evaluating restrictions on abortion from one of “strict scrutiny” of any restraints on a “fundamental right” to one of “undue burden” that permits considerably more regulation.