A.p. Government:unit 1

Front 1

UNITARY

Back 1

.A unitary government holds all power at, what we call in the United States, the federal level. There are no issues that the federal government cannot deal with. The opposite of unitary government is federal government, meaning that there are multiple levels of government. The United States is a federal system of government, with power being shared between the state and federal governments.

. relating to or characterized by or aiming toward unity; "the unitary principles of nationalism"; "a unitary movement in politics"
of or pertaining to or involving the use of units; "a unitary method was applied";

Front 2

OLIGARCHY

Back 2

.a form of government in which all power is vested in a few persons or in a dominant class or clique; government by the few.

.a state or organization so ruled.

.the persons or class so ruling.

Front 3

COFEDERATE

Back 3

.a person, group, nation, etc., united with others in a confederacy; an ally.

Front 4

AUTHORTARIAN

Back 4

.An authoritarian government is the form of government based on the principle of requiring obedience to the authority of one person or a small group of people. Other people must be obedient to the will of the government and they have little or no influence over the decisions made by the government. Authoritarian government involves a "top-down" command structure, often with elements of a military or quasi-military dictatorship.

Front 5

TOTALITARIAN

Back 5

.A totalitarian government seeks to control not only all economic and political matters but the attitudes, values, and beliefs of its population, erasing the distinction between state and society. The citizen's duty to the state becomes the primary concern of the community, and the goal of the state is the replacement of existing society with a perfect society.

Front 6

ABSOLUTE MONARCHY

Back 6

.is a monarchical form of government where the king or queen has absolute power over all aspects of his/her subjects' lives.

Front 7

DICTATORSHIP

Back 7

.is defined as an autocratic form of government in which the government is ruled by an individual, the dictator, without hereditary ascension. It has three possible meanings:

.A military dictatorship is a form of government wherein the political power resides with the military. It is similar but not identical to a stratocracy, a state ruled directly by the military. Like any dictatorship, a military dictatorship may be official or unofficial, and as a result may not actually qualify as stratocratic. Mixed form also exist, where the military exerts a very strong influence without being entirely dominant.

Front 8

DEMOCRACY

Back 8

.is a system of government in which either the actual governing is carried out by the people governed (direct democracy), or the power to do so is granted by them (as in representative democracy).

Front 9

REPRESENTATIVE DEMOCRACY

Back 9

. a type of democracy in which the citizens delegate authority to elected representatives

Front 10

ECONOMIC WANTS

Back 10

.A economic want is what is desired being related to politics trading systems or money system as well. For example 'An economic want of America is to have lower gas prices.'

Front 11

COMMAND ECONOMY

Back 11

.An economywhere supply and price are regulated by the government rather than market forces. Government planners decide which goods and services are produced and how they are distributed. The former Soviet Union was an example of a command economy. Also called a centrally planned economy.

Front 12

MIXED ECONOMY

Back 12

is an economic system that incorporates a mixture of private and government ownership or control, or a mixture of capitalism and socialism.

Front 13

TRADITIONAL ECONOMY

Back 13

.is a system where traditions, customs and belief systems determine its operation. In that state, this type of economic system may go unchanged for quite some time.

.A traditional economy is a very underdeveloped economy that often depends on agriculture as its main base. Perhaps hearkening back to its agrarian roots, a traditional economy is also known as a subsistence economy.

Front 14

MARKET ECONOMY

Back 14

.an economy in which prices, the supply of goods, etc. are determined by buyers and sellers carrying on business dealings with a relatively high degree of freedom
.EX:function: The Bank used the meetings to celebrate the fact that the transition to a functioning market economy has largely been achieved in Central Europe.
develop: They have no real understanding of what it's going to cost them to develop market economies.

Front 15

SCARCITY

Back 15

.is the problem of infinite human needs and wants, in a world of finite resources. Society has insufficient productive resources to fulfill those wants and needs. Alternatively, scarcity implies that not all of society's goals can be pursued at the same time; trade-offs are made of one good against others.

Front 16

GOOD AND SERVICES

Back 16

.In economics, economic output is divided into physical goods and intangible services. Consumption of goods and services is assumed to produce utility. It is often used when referring to a Goods and Services Tax.

We satisfy our needs and wants by buying goods and services. Goods are items you can see and touch, such as a book, a pen, a folder etc. Services are provided for you by other people, such as; doctor, dentist, haircut and eating out at restaurants.

Front 17

OPPORTUNITY COST

Back 17

.Opportunity cost or economic opportunity loss is the value of the next best alternative forgone as the result of making a decision.

Front 18

PARLIAMENTARY DEMCORACY

Back 18

.A parliamentary democracy means that the political power is held by an elected parliament representing the people.

Front 19

TRADE OFF

Back 19

.An exchange of one thing in return for another, especially relinquishment of one benefit or advantage for another regarded as more desirable.

Front 20

MAJORITY RULE

Back 20

.is a decision rule that selects one of two alternatives, based on which has more than half the votes. It is the binary decision rule used most often in influential decision-making bodies, including the legislatures of democratic nations.

Front 21

SEPARATION OF POWERS

Back 21

.also known as trias politica, is a model for the governance of democratic states. The model was first developed in ancient Greece and came into widespread use by the Roman Republic as part of the uncodified Constitution of the Roman Republic. Under this model, the state is divided into branches or estates, each with separate and independent powers and areas of responsibility. The normal division of estates is into an executive, a legislature, and a judiciary.

Front 22

LIMITED GOVERNMENT

Back 22

.is a government where any more than minimal governmental intervention in personal liberties and the economy is not usually allowed by law, usually in a written Constitution. It is closely related to libertarianism, classical liberalism, and some tendencies of liberalism and conservatism in the United States.[citation needed]

Limited government is a common practice through Western culture. It has roots in Hebraic Law. In Western Civilization, the Magna Carta and the United States Constitution are examples of the limiting of government powers.

Front 23

ABSOLUTE POWER

Back 23

.(as in political power) typically refers to concepts of tyranny, corruption, authoritarianism, absolutism, and totalitarianism, and is associated largely with monarchy and non-democratic forms of government.

Front 24

SOCIO-ECONOMIC GOALS

Back 24

.Goals for the economy.An example of it might be getting people to voluteer in programs to help eliminate poverty. Or economic actions that are supposed to have societal effects.

Front 25

SOCIAL CONTRACT

Back 25

.describes a broad class of theories that try to explain the ways in which people form states and/or maintain social order. The notion of the social contract implies that the people give up some rights to a government or other authority in order to receive or maintain social order through the rule of law.

Front 26

FEDERAL SYSTEM

Back 26

.A federal system of government is one that divides the powers of government between the national (federal) government and state and local governments. The Constitution of the United States established the federal system, also known as federalism. Under federalism, each level of government has sovereignty in some areas and shares powers in other areas. For example: both the federal and state governments have the power to tax. Only the federal government can declare war.

Front 27

DIRECT DEMOCRACY

Back 27

.classically termed pure democracy,[1] comprises a form of democracy and theory of civics wherein sovereignty is lodged in the assembly of all citizens who choose to participate. Depending on the particular system, this assembly might pass executive motions, make laws, elect and dismiss officials and conduct trials.