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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Elections to select party nominees in which voters are presented with a list of candidates from all the parties. Voters can then select some Democrats and some Republicans if they like.
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blanket primaries
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A group of members of Congress sharing some interest or characteristic. Most are composed of members from both parties and from both houses.
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caucus (congressional)
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A meeting of all state party leaders for selecting delegates to the national party convention.
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caucus (state party)
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Elections to select party nominees in which only people who have registered in advance with the party can vote for that party’s candidates, thus encouraging greater party loyalty.
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closed primaries
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A three-member body appointed by the president to advise the president on economic policy.
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Council of Economic Advisors (CEA)
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Councils in many areas of the country where officials from various localities meet to discuss mutual problems and plan joint, cooperative action.
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council of governments (COG)
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The recent tendency of states to hold primaries early in the calendar in order to capitalize on media attention. At one time, it was considered advantageous for a state to choose its delegates late in the primary season so that it could play a decisive role. However, in recent years, votes cast in states that have held late primaries have been irrelevant given that one candidate had already sewn up the nomination early on.
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frontloading
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The power possessed by 42 state governors to veto only certain parts of a bill while allowing the rest of it to pass into law.
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line-item veto
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The idea that the winning candidate has a mandate from the people to carry out his or her platforms and politics. Politicians like the theory better than political scientists do.
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mandate theory of elections
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A commission formed at the 1968 Democratic convention in response to demands for reform by minority groups and others who sought better representation.
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McGovern-Fraser Commission
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A proposal by critics of the caucuses and presidential primaries systems who would replace these electoral methods with a nationwide primary held early in the election year.
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national primary
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A veto taking place when Congress adjourns within 10 days of having submitted a bill to the president, who simply lets it die by neither signing nor vetoing it.
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pocket veto
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Political contributions earmarked for party-building expenses at the grass-roots level (buttons, pamphlets, yard signs, etc.). Unlike money that goes to the campaign of a particular candidate, such party donations are not subject to contribution limits.
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soft money
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Passed in 1951, the amendment that limits presidents to two terms of office.
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Twenty-second Amendment
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A law, passed in 1973 in reaction to American fighting in Vietnam and Cambodia, requiring presidents to consult with Congress whenever possible prior to using military force and to withdraw forces after 60 days unless Congress declares war or grants an extension. Presidents view the resolution as unconstitutional.
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War Powers Resolution
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