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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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politics |
activities that relate to influencing the actions and policies of a government or getting and keeping power in a government |
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linkage institution |
a structure within a society that connects the people to the government or centralized authority |
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policymaking institutions |
institutions such as Congress, the presidency, and the courts established by the Constitution to make policy |
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democracy |
a means of selecting policymakers and of organizing government so that policy represents and responds to the public's preferences |
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majority rule |
weighing the desires of the majority in choosing among policy alternatives |
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pluralist theory |
argues that there are many centers of influence in which groups compete with one another for control over public policy through bargaining and compromise |
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elite and class theory |
argues that society is divided along class lines and that an upper-class elite rules on the basis of its wealth |
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hyperpluralism |
argues that too many strong influential groups cripple the government's ability to make coherent policy by dividing government and its authority |
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political culture |
a set of attitudes and practices held by a people that shapes their political behavior including moral judgments, political myths, beliefs, and ideas about what makes for a good society |
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gross domestic product |
the total value of all goods and services produced annually by the United States |
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constitution |
A set of principles, either written or unwritten, that makes up the fundamental law of the state |
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natural rights |
Rights of all human beings that are ordained by God, discoverable in nature and history, and essential to human progress |
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Articles of Confederation |
The government charter of the states from 1776 until the Constitution of 1787 |
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Shays Rebellion |
An armed attempt by Revolutionary War veterans to avoid losing their property by preventing the courts in western Massachusetts from meeting |
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factions |
groups of people sharing a common interest who seek to influence public policy for their collective benefit. |
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New Jersey Plan |
a constitutional proposal that would have given each state one vote in the new congress |
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Virginia Plan |
A constitutional proposal that the smaller states' representatives feared would give permanent supremacy to the larger states |
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Connecticut Compromise |
A constitutional proposal that made membership in one house of Congress proportional to each state's population and membership in the other equal for all states |
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writ of habeas corpus |
A court order requiring police officials to produce an individual held in custody and show sufficient cause for that person's detention |
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separation of powers |
A constitutional principle separating the personnel of the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government. |
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checks and balances |
The power of the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government to block some acts by the other two branches |
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republic |
A form of democracy in which leaders and representatives are selected by means of popular competitive elections |
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Federalists |
Supporters of a stronger central government who advocated ratification of the Constitution and then founded a political party |
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Anti-Federalists |
Those who opposed giving as much power to the national government as the Constitution did, favoring instead stronger states' rights |
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Federalist Papers |
A series of eighty-five essays published in New York newspapers to convince New Yorkers to adopt the newly proposed Constitution |
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Bill of Rights |
The first ten amendments |
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Equal Rights Amendment |
a proposed amendment to the US Constitution stating that civil rights may not be denied based on gender |
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judicial review |
The power of the courts to declare acts of the legislature and of the executive unconstitutional and therefore null and void |
