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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Civil Liberties
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Freedoms guaranteed to individuals.
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Civil Rights
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Powers or privileges guaranteed to individuals and protected from arbitrary removal at the hands of government or individuals.
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Establishment Clause
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The first clause in the First Amendment, which forbids government establishment of religion.
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Free-Exercise Clause
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The second clause in the first amendment, which prevents the government from interfering with the exercise of religion
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Lemon v. Kurtzman
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In 1981, the court struck down a state program that would have helped pay the salaries of teachers hired by parochial schools to give instruction in secular subjects.
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Agostini v. Felton
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Involved the use of public school teachers to teach congressionally mandated remedial courses to disadvantaged students in New York parochial schools.
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Lynch v. Donnelly
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In 1984 the Court said no, by a vote of 5-4 to the question, Does the display of religious artifacts on public property violate the establishment clause?
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Engel v. Vitale
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Court held that official state approval of prayer was unconstitutional.
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Wallace v. Jaffree
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In 1985 the court struck down a series of Alabama statutes requiring a moment of silence for meditation or voluntary prayer in elementary schools.
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Strict Scrutiny
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A standard used by the Supreme Court in deciding whether a law or policy is to be adjudged constitutional or not. To pass strict scrutiny, the law or policy must be justified by a "compelling governmental interest" as well as being the least restrictive means for achieving that interest.
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