A&p Exam Review Exam 4

Front 1

An elevated BUN indicates an elevated level of _ in the urine.

Back 1

Nitrogenous wastes

Front 2

Fluid leaving the blood stream to enter the kidney tubules would first pass through the

Back 2

proximal convoluted tubule

Front 3

The urinary disorder occurs commonly as a result of pregnancy

Back 3

urinary incontinence

Front 4

Expiration requires _ energy than required by inspiration

Back 4

less

Front 5

What is not a function of the liver, related to proteins, or amino acid metabolism?

Back 5

Gamma globulin formation

Front 6

Which of the following is the messentery that extends as a thin sheet of connective tissue from the stomach to the liver?

Back 6

lesser omentum

Front 7

Most adults produce _ liters of urine per day

Back 7

1 to 2

Front 8

Surfactant is secreted in the

Back 8

Alveoli

Front 9

Which of the following components of saliva beings starch digestion in the mouth?

Back 9

Amylase

Front 10

The function of CCK is to

Back 10

Stimulate the pancreas and gall bladder

Front 11

This organ neutralizes more acid and base than any other buffer system

Back 11

The kidney

Front 12

Which of the following is not an enzyme that digests proteins in the small intestine?

Back 12

Maltase

Front 13

Which of the following substances secreted by the cells of the stomach wall is essential for absorption of vitamin B12 by the small intestine?

Back 13

Intrinsic factor

Front 14

Which molecule is the common branch point for either anaerobic or aerobic pathway?

Back 14

Pyruvate

Front 15

This organ is most likely to be affected by hypoglycemia

Back 15

Brain

Front 16

Renal failure may cause

Back 16

Excess fluid volume

Front 17

During aerobic respiration, the pyruvic acid is taken up by the

Back 17

Mitochondria

Front 18

The Adam's apple is part of which laryngeal cartilage?

Back 18

Thyroid

Front 19

If an older person is having diarrhea and gas after drinking too much milk, what enzyme is not produced on the brush border?

Back 19

Lactase

Front 20

The micturtion revflex...

Back 20

is the predominant mechanism that voids the bladder in infants

Front 21

Which cells of the gastric mucosa secrete renin?

Back 21

Chief cells

Front 22

Fat-soluble vitamins

Back 22

Are vitamins A, D, E, K

Front 23

Approximately how many ATP molecules are generated by aerobic respiration?

Back 23

36

Front 24

Tachypnea refers to

Back 24

Accelerated respiration

Front 25

Which hormone mimics the effect of aldosterone and causes women to retain water during pregnancy and certain phases of the menstrual cycle?

Back 25

Estrogen

Front 26

Which of the following is responsible for the removal of excess cholesterol from cells and the bloodstream?

Back 26

HDLs

Front 27

The gross filtration rate is about _ higher than the rate of urine

Back 27

65%

Front 28

there are _ baby teeth formed

Back 28

20

Front 29

How does hydration affect pH?

Back 29

Hydration affects volume of solvent, and since pH is a measure of concentration, hydration can affect pH by producing a change in the concentration.

Front 30

During inhalation, which of these is the proper description of the relationship between the expansion of the rib cage and the inflation of the lungs?

Back 30

Expanding the ribs lowers the pressure in the thoracic cavity and outside air follows a pressure gradient to inflate the lungs.

Front 31

What are 3 reasons why a winter athlete must be especially careful about their fluid balance?

Back 31

1.) Cold air causes vasodialation in the skin, resulting in a higer PB in deep vessels and in increase in glomerular filtration, so more fluid is lost to urine.

2.) Cold air is dryer, so there is an increase in the respiratory loss, especially as ventilation rates and volumes increase.

3.) Exercise causes dilation of capillaries in the muscles, so there is a risk of hypovolemia from the increase in circulatory capacity.

Front 32

Research has shown that leptin injections do not significantly reduce obesity in humans, why?

Back 32

The main defect in obese humans seems to be a lack of functioning leptin receptors, so increasing leptin will not solve the problem.

Front 33

Which 3 comparative studies help to confirm the role of nephron loops in water conservation?

Back 33

1.) Aquatic animals have shorter loops and more dilute urine.

2.) Fishes and amphibians have no nephron loops at all and their urine is isotonic to body fluids.

3.) Desert animals have longer loops and more concentrated urine.