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58 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Which of the following enzymes acts in the stomach?
a.Chymotrypsin b.lingual lypase c.carboypeptidase d.enterokinase e.dextrinase |
Lingual lipase
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Which of the following enzymes does not digest any nutrients?
a.Chymotrypsin b.lingual lypase c.carboypeptidase d.enterokinase e.dextrinase |
Enterokinase
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Which of the following is not an enzyme?
a.Chymotrypsin b.lingual lypase c.carboypeptidase d.enterokinase e.dextrinase |
Carboypeptidase
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The lacteals absorb...
a.chylomicrons b.micelles c.emulsification droplets d.amino acids e.monosaccharides |
Monosaccharides
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All of the following contribute to the smallintestine except...
a.its length b.the brush border c.haustra d.circular folds e.villi |
Haustra
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Which of the following is a peridontal tissue?
a.the gingiva b.the enamel c.the cementum d.the pulp e.the dentin |
The gingiva
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The____of the stomach most closely resembles the____of the small intestine.
a.gastric pits, intestinal crypts b.pyloric glands, intestinal crypts c.rugae, Peyer patches d.parietal cells, goblet cells e.gastric glands, duodenal glands |
gastric pits, intestinal crypts
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Which of the following cells secrete digestive enzymes?
a.chief cells b.mucous neck cells c.parietal cells d.goblet cells e.enteroendocrine cells |
Chief cells
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What phase of gastric regulation inculdes inhibition by the enterogastric reflex?
a.the intestinal phase b.the gastric phase c.the buccal phase d.the cephalic phase e.the pharyngo-esophageal phase |
The intestinal phase
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Cusps are a feature of the______surfaces of the molars and premolars.
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occlusal
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The acidity of the stomach deactivates____but activates_____of the saliva.
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Amylase, Lipase
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The_____salivary gland is named for its proximity to the ear.
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partoid
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Nervous stimulation of gastrointestinal activity is mediated mainly through the parasympathetic fivers of the _____nerves.
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vagus
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Food in the stomach causes G cells to secrete_____, which in turn stimulates the secretion of HCL and pesinogen.
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gastrin
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Hepatic macrophages occur in bloodfilled spaces of the liver called_____.
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sinusoids
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The brush border enzyme that finishes the job of starch digestion, producing glucose, is called_____. Its substrate is_____.
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maltase, maltose
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Fats are transported in the lymph and blood in the form of droplets called_____.
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chylomicrons
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Within the absoprtive cells of the small intestine, ferritin binds the nutrient____.
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iron
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The submucosal and myenteric nerve plexuses collectively constitue the_____nervous system.
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enteric
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Fat is not digested until it reaches the duodenum.
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True
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A tooth is composed mostly of enamel.
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False, most of the tooth is dentin.
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Hepatocytes secrete bile into the hepatic sinosoids.
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False, Hepatocytes secrete bile into the bile canaliculi.
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Cholecystokinin stimulate the release of bile into the duodenum.
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True
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Perstalsis is ocntrolled yb the myenteric nerve plexus.
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True
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Pepsinogen, trypsinogen, and procarboxypeptidase are enxymatically inactive zymogens.
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True
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The absorption of dietary iron dependson intrinsic factor.
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False, intrinsic factor is involved in the absorption of vitamin B12.
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Filling of the stomach stimulates contractions of the colon.
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True
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The duodenum secretes a hormone that inhibits contractions of the stomach.
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True
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Tight junctions of the small intestine prevent anything from leaking between the epithelial cells.
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False, water, glucose, and other nutrients pass between cells, through the tight junctions.
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_____are not used as fuel and are required in relativily small quantities.
a.Micronutrients b.Macronutrients c.essential nutrients d.Proteins e.Lipids |
Micronutrients
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The only significant digestible polysaccharide in the diet is..
a.glycogen b.cellulose c.starch d.maltose e.fiber |
Starch
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Which of the following stores the greatest amount of energy for the smallest amount of space in the body?
a.glucose b.triglycerides c.glycogen d.proteins e.vitamins |
Triglycerides
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The lipoprotiens that remove choelsterol from teh tissues are
a.chylomicrons b.lipoprotein lipase c.VLDLs d.LDLs e.HDLs |
HDLs
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Proteins serve all of the following fucntions except to act as
a.enzymes b.coenzymes c.hormones d.antibodies e.structural support for cells |
Coenzymes
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The primary fucntion of B-complex vitamins is to act as
a.structural compononents of cells b.sources of energy c.componenets of pigments d.antioxidents e.coenzymes |
Coenzymes
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FAD is reduced to FADH2 in
a.glycolysis b.anaerobic fermentation c.the citric acid cycle d.the electron-transport chain e.Beta-oxidation of lipids |
The citric acid cycle
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The primary, direct benefit of anaerobic fermentation is to
a.regenerate NAD+ b.produce FADH2 c.produce lactic acid d.dispose of pyruvic acid e.produce more ATP than glycolysis does |
Regenerate NAD+
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Which of these occurs in the mitochondrial matrix?
a.glycolysis b.chemiosmosis c.the cytochrome reactions d.the citric acid cycle e.anaerobic fermentation |
The citric acid cycle
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When the body emits more infrared energy than it aborbs, it is losing heat by
a.convection b.forced convection c.conduction d.radiation e.evaporatiion |
Radiation
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A/an_____protein lacks one or more essential amino acids.
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Incomplete
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In the postabsorptive state, glycogen is hydrolyzed to liberate glucose. This process is called____.
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Glycogenolysis
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Synthesis of glucose from amino acids or triglycerides is called____.
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Gluconeogensis
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The major nitrogenous waste resulting from protein catabolism is ______.
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Urea
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The absorptive state is regulated mainly by the hormone______.
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Insulin
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The temperature of organs in teh body cavities is called_____.
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Core temerpature
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The feeding center, satiety center, heat-losing center, and heat-promoting center are nuclei located in part of the brain called the_____.
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Hypothalamus
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The brightly colored, iron-containint, electron-transfer molecules of the inner mitochondrial membrane are called____.
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Cytochromes
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The flow of H+ from the intermembrane space to the mitochondrial matrix creates an electrical current used by the enzyme____ to make ____.
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ATP synthase, ATP
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Orexin and leptin are tow hormones that stimulate the appetite.
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False, Leptin supporesses the appetite.
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Water is a nutrient, but oxygen and cellulose are not.
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True
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An extremely low-fat diet can cause vitamin-deficiency diseases.
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True
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Most of the body's cholesterol comes from the diet.
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False, Most of the cholesterol is endogenouse, not dietary
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There is not harm in maximizing one's daily protein intake.
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False, Excessive protein intake can cause renal damage
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Aerobic respiration produces more ATP than anaerobic fermentation.
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True
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Reactions occurring on the mirochondrial inner membrane produce more ATP than glycolysis and the matrix reactions combined.
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True
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Gluconeogensis occurs especially in the absorptive state during and shortly after a meal.
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False, Gluconeogensis is a postabsorptive phenomenon
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Brown fat generates more ATP than white fat and is therefore especially important for thermoregulation.
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False, brown fat does not generate ATP.
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At a comfortable air temperature, the body loses more heat as infrared radiation tha by any other means.
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True
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