A&p Exam 1 Bold Words

Front 1

Palpation

Back 1

Feels surface of body with Hands

Front 2

Auscultation

Back 2

Listens to body sounds to evaluate

Front 3

Percussion

Back 3

Tapping on body surface to listen to echo

Front 4

Metabolism

Back 4

Sum of all chemical activities in the body

Front 5

Catabolism

Back 5

Breakdown of complex chemical substances

Front 6

Anabolism

Back 6

Buildup of simple chemical substances

Front 7

Interstitial Fluids

Back 7

ECF that fills spaces between cells of tissue

Front 8

Epidemiology

Back 8

study of why when and where diseases occur and how they are transmitted

Front 9

Prone Position

Back 9

Body lying face down

Front 10

Supine Position

Back 10

Body lying face up

Front 11

Sagittal and Parasagittal Planes

Back 11

Divides body into left and right sides

Front 12

Frontal or Coronal planes

Back 12

Divides body into Anterior and Posterior

Front 13

Transverse Plane

Back 13

Divides body into top and bottom

Front 14

Oblique Plan

Back 14

Divides the body at an angle

Front 15

Meninges

Back 15

lining of cranial cavity and vertebral cavity

Front 16

Mediastinum

Back 16

Central part of thoracic cavity

Front 17

Viscera

Back 17

Organs inside the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities

Front 18

Hydrostatic Pressure

Back 18

Pressure exerted on the membrane on the side with higher column

Front 19

Pericentriolar Material Composition and function

Back 19

Ring shaped complexes made of tubilin surrounding centriols, helps to organize mitotic spindle

Front 20

Cisternae

Back 20

Sacs that make up the Golgi

Front 21

Cis face of Golgi

Back 21

Entering face of Golgi

Front 22

Trans face of Golgi

Back 22

Exiting face of Golgi

Front 23

4 types of Vesicles and functions

Back 23

-Transport-moves stuff to other structures
-Transfer-Moves stuff back to medial cisternae
-Membrane-Fuses with plasma memb
-Secretory-moves stuff out of cell

Front 24

A sequence of 3 nucleotides

Back 24

Base Triplet

Front 25

Complementary set of base triplets

Back 25

Codon

Front 26

Enzymes within cells that can transfer a phosphate group to activate Protein

Back 26

Cyclin-dependent Protein Kinases (Cdks)

Front 27

Protein that switches Cdks on and off

Back 27

Cyclins

Front 28

Geriatrics

Back 28

Branch of Medicine that deals with the care of elderly

Front 29

Gerontology

Back 29

Scientific study of problems with aging

Front 30

Disease characterized by normal aging first year, then rapid aging and death at around 13

Back 30

Progeria

Front 31

Rapid acceleration of aging beginning in the person's 20s

Back 31

Werner Syndrome

Front 32

Cadherins (Location?)

Back 32

Glycoproteins that joins cells at Adherens Junctions

Front 33

Extensive zones of Adherens Junctions

Back 33

Adhesions belts

Front 34

Integrins

Back 34

Glycoproteins that joins cells at Hemidesmosomes

Front 35

Laminin

Back 35

What Integrines attach to in a hemidesmosome

Front 36

Connexins

Back 36

Forms fluid filled tunnels called Connexons that connect neighboring cells at gap junctions

Front 37

Pap test

Back 37

Collection and examination of scraped off epithelial cells from the apical layer

Front 38

GaGs

Back 38

Glycosaminoglycans - All the of polysaccharides of Ground substance

Front 39

Proteoglycans

Back 39

All of the polysaccharides of ground substance except Hyaluronic Acid

Front 40

Hyaluronic Acid

Back 40

Slippery Substance that binds cells together, lubricates joints, and helps maintain shape of eyeballs.

Front 41

Hyaluronidase

Back 41

Enzyme that breaks apart hyaluronic acid

Front 42

Chondroitin Sulfate

Back 42

provides support and adhesiveness in cartilage, bone, skin and blood vessels

Front 43

Dermatan Sulfate

Back 43

Found in skin, tendons, blood vessels, and heart valves

Front 44

Keratan Sulfate

Back 44

Found in cornea, bone, and cartilage

Front 45

Adhesion Proteins

Back 45

Links ground substance to one another and to cells

Front 46

Fibronectin

Back 46

Main type of Adhesion protein that links collagen fibers and ground substance

Front 47

Reticular Fibers

Back 47

Thinner than elastic fibers and collagen fibers, provides supporting framework for many soft organs called STROMA

Front 48

Platelets

Back 48

Participates in blood clotting

Front 49

Serous Fluid

Back 49

watery lubricant that allows organs to glide easily over one another and walls of cavities

Front 50

Pleura

Back 50

Serous Fluid that lines thoracic cavity

Front 51

Pericardium

Back 51

Serous Fluid that lines heart cavity

Front 52

Peritoneum

Back 52

Serous Fluid that lines abdominal cavity

Front 53

Synovialcytes

Back 53

Synovial Membrane cells which are closer to synovial cavity

Front 54

Synovial Fluid

Back 54

Secreted by synovialcytes, it lubricates and nourishes cartilage on the bones

Front 55

Fibrosis

Back 55

Process in which fibroblasts make collage and others that forms scar tissue

Front 56

Granulation Tissue

Back 56

Actively growing Tissue

Front 57

Adhesions

Back 57

Abnormal joining of tissues formed from scar tissues

Front 58

Stratum Germinativum

Back 58

AKA Stratum basale

Front 59

Skin Graft

Back 59

Covering a wound with a patch of healthy skin taken from a donor site

Front 60

Psoriasis

Back 60

Keratinocytes divide and move more quickly than normal, and the immature keratinocytes forms flaky crust on epidermis

Front 61

Dermal Papillae

Back 61

Increases surface area of Papillary Region and contains capillary loops

Front 62

Corpuscles of touch or Meissner Corpuscles (Location?)

Back 62

Nerve endings that are sensitie to touvh found in some Dermal Pappilae

Front 63

Striae

Back 63

Stretch marks found on skin surface

Front 64

Lines of Cleavage

Back 64

Predominant direction of collagen fibers, esp important to plastic surgeons

Front 65

Dermatoglyphics

Back 65

Study of fingerprints

Front 66

Nevus

Back 66

Mole

Front 67

Vitiligo

Back 67

Michael Jackson's disease

Front 68

If skin is Cyanotic

Back 68

Lack of oxygen

Front 69

If skin is Jaundice

Back 69

Build up of yellow pigment bilirubin indicating liver disease

Front 70

If skin is Pallor

Back 70

Pale. Occurs in shock of anemia

Front 71

Depilatory

Back 71

Cream that dissolves proteins in hair shaft

Front 72

Electrolysis of Hair

Back 72

Electric current is used to destroy hair matrix

Front 73

Hair Root Plexuses

Back 73

dendrites of neurons that are sensitive to touch

Front 74

Androgenic Baldness

Back 74

Male-pattern Baldness

Front 75

Sebum

Back 75

Oily secretions of sebaceous glands.

Front 76

Cystic Acne

Back 76

Acne that causes a cyst which scars the epidermis

Front 77

Difference between Insensible and Sensible perspiration

Back 77

1 is sweat that evaporates from skin before it is percieved

2 lots of sweat that is seen as moisture

Front 78

Hyponychium

Back 78

Thickened region beneath free edge that secures nail to fingertip

Front 79

Blood reservoir is found in what part of skin?

Back 79

Dermis

Front 80

Contact Inhibition

Back 80

When migration of epidermal cells stop when they come in contact in epidermal injury

Front 81

Inflammatory Phase of Healing

Back 81

Blood clot forms and unites edge, and white blood cells and phagocytes invade the zone

Front 82

Migratory Phase of Healing

Back 82

Clot becomes a scat and epithelial cells migrate below to bridge wound and make granulation Tissue

Front 83

Proliferative Phase of Healing

Back 83

Extensive growth of epithelial cells beneath the scab

Front 84

Maturation Phase of Healing

Back 84

Scab falls off and everything returns to normal

Front 85

Hypertrophic Scar

Back 85

A raised scar that remains within the wound bounderies

Front 86

Keloid Scar

Back 86

A raised scar that extends into normal surrounding tissues

Front 87

Epidermis is derived from which Embryonic tissue?

Back 87

Ectoderm

Front 88

Dermis is derived from which Embryonic Tissue?

Back 88

Mesoderm

Front 89

Function of Yellow bone marrow

Back 89

Consists mainly of adipose cells which store triglycerides as energy reserve

Front 90

Medullary Cavity

Back 90

Cavity of bone in diaphysis

Front 91

Endosteum

Back 91

Thin membrane that lines Medullary cavity

Front 92

Hydroxyapatite

Back 92

An important mineral salt that contributes to bone hardness

Front 93

Difference between interstitial lamellae and circumferential lamellae

Back 93

1 is found between osteons

2 is found to encircle medullary cavity or just beneath the periosteum

Front 94

How do flat bones develope? Long Bones?

Back 94

Intramembranous Ossification

Enchondral Ossification

Front 95

Steps in Intramembranous Ossification (4)

Back 95

1. Development of Ossification Center
2. Calcification by mineral salts
3. Formation of Trabeculae
4. Development of Periosteum and compact bone surrounds spongy bone

Front 96

Steps in Endochondral ossification (6)

Back 96

1. Development of cartilage Model
2. Growth of Cartilage Model
3. Development of primary ossification center
4. Development of Medullary cavity
5. Development of secondary ossification center in epiphysis
6. Formation of Articular cartilage and epiphyseal plate

Front 97

Difference between development of primary and secondary ossification centers

Back 97

Primary goes Out to in

Secondary goes in to out

Front 98

Process of Appositional Growth

Back 98

1. Ridges in periosteum create groove for blood vessle
2. Ridges Fuse forming periosteum lined tunnel
3. Osteoblasts build new concentric lamellae
4. Bone grows outward and medullary cavity gets larger

Front 99

Orthodontics

Back 99

Branch of Dentistry dealing with prevention and correction of teeth

Front 100

Steps of Bone repair (4)

Back 100

1.Formation of Fracture Hematoma
2.Fibrocartilaginous callus formation
3. Bony Callus formation
4. Bone remodeling

Front 101

Normal Blood calcium level

Back 101

Between 9-11mg/100mL of blood