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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Causes of the 100 years war
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1)In 1259, England and France signed the treaty of Paris where the King of England accepted to be the vassal of Aquitaine. Philip VI of France confiscated Aquitaine and Edward III found this a violation of the treaty. Then Edward III said that the oldest descendent of Philip the Friar (Edward III)should assume the throne of France. This upset the order in France and some French vassals said they have transferred their loyalty to England (It became a French civil war)
2)England and France both wanted control of the wool trade and Flamish towns. |
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1347-1355
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1)In 1348 the black death arrives in mainland Europe
2)The 100 years war is continuing between England and France 3)Many people believed that jews were poisoning their water suppply and in many towns jews were killed for this reason 4)In 1349, Ralph Bishop of Bath and Wells in England advised his people that if they were not able to get the services of a priest to confess to each other because there was such a decline in priests due to the disease 5)Babylonian Captivity was going on |
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Decameron
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The Decameron was written by Baccaccio. This book described a golden age where everyone was prosporous which did not include a common theme of the medieval times.
It was a collection of short stories to amuse the reader not to edify |
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Utopia
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Utopia was written by Thomas Moore
Utopia was about and ideal society on an island somewhere off the mainland of the new world (Utopia means 'nowhere' so nowhere is perfect) The society's flawed institutions were responsible for corruption and war The key for improving and reforming the individual could only be done by reform of the social institutions that molded the individual |
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The Courtier
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The Courtier was written by Baldassare Castigione
The Courtier was about how men should act It also said men should be educated, athletic, and have good manners This book was translated into many different languages and greatly influenced Western ideas about correct education and behavior |
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Black Death
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The orgin of the black death in one legend says that in the Tartar army while in the city of Caffa in the Crimea, the leader of the Tartar army, Khan Djani-Beg, ordered for Tartar disease victims to be hurled into the city of Caffa to infect the defenders.
In october 147, Genose ships brought the plague to Messina where it then spread to Sicily. Venice and Genoa where his in January 1348 where it then spread to Rome. The disease waas later discovered to come from fleas on rats in ships and traveled that way There were two forms of the plague Bubonic: The flea transmitted the disease striaght to the human Pneumonic: The disease came from another person Spread so well in Urban cities: narrow streets, dead animals and beggars, houses where the upper level eliminated light and air for the bottom level,and extreme overcrowding. All the members of an Aristocratic family slept in the same room so lower class people probrobly slept in the same bed. Symptoms: |
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Agincourt
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Battle of Agincourt
A battle in the 100 years war, on October 25, 1415, the English army under King Henry V of England and a French army under Charles d'Albret fought. The English army won with more soliders. |
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Poitiers
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A major battle in the 100 years war. An English victory, John II of France was captured at this battle by Edward the black prince and imprisioned in England
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Orleans
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A major battle in the 100 years war on April 28, 1429, France was led by Joan of Arc. The battle lasted ten days, France won, this was the turning point in the 100 years war.
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Crecy
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Battle at the begining of the 100 years war, English longbowmen scored the victory over the French knights and crossbowmen. Took place in Northern France in 1346.
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Flagellation
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When people believed that God was punishing them (during the black plague) so they whipped themselves for society's and their own sins.
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Political, Social, Economic results of the plague
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1)Church was weakened, time for reform
2)After plague, England's economy improved 3)Guilds kept constant numbers 4)Wages rose, people began to enjoy life 5)Less people went crazy with church obsession 6)People didn't like travelers, fears of the plague 7)Catholic church was not the center of life as much, people wrote and painted about death |
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John Wycliff
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John Wycliff believed that christians only needed to obey the rules of the bible, the first english edition of the bible was made.
Followers were called lollards, allowed women to teach. |
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Lollards
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Lollards were followers of John Wycliff, believed that scriptures alone will get one into heaven were driven underground. They were stressed individuals reading and interpreting the bible.
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Great Schism
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Between 1309-1376, the pope lived in Avignon because Philip the Fair pressured the pope. When the pope left Rome, wealth left Rome. Pope Urban VI was the Rome pope, Clement VII was the anti-pope.
This ruined the faith of many christians in the end, they got rid of Urban VI and Clement VII and elected Martin V. |
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Conciliar Movement
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The conciliar movement was an effort to have the church ruled, not by the pope, but by everyone in the church (Bishops, cardinals, theologians, abbots, and laymen).
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Babylonian Captivity
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In 1305, after a confrontation with the king of France, a new pope, Clement V was elected. He was a frenchman and never went to Rome, he settled in Avignon. Popes lived in france from 1309 to 1377.
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Unam Sanctum
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In 1302, The Bull 'Unam Sanctam' that Pope Boniface VIII asserted his rights against King Phillip the Fair of France, is a landmark in the history of the doctrine of Papal Primacy.
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Golden Bull
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The Golden Bull took place in 1356, Golden Bull (Latin bulla aurea), imperial edict or constitution promulgated by Charles IV, Holy Roman emperor, in 1356. It specified the forms for the election and coronation of the emperor, the persons who had the right to participate in the election, and the privileges and obligations of such electors. This constitution remained in force until the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806.
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Guelfs
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The Guelphs became the party opposing the authority of the Holy Roman emperors in Italy and supporting the power of the papacy.
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Ghibellines
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While the guelfs supported the papacy, the Ghibellines supported the imperial authority.
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Renaissance
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Renaissance, series of literary and cultural movements in the 14th, 15th, and 16th centuries. These movements began in Italy and eventually expanded into Germany, France, England, and other parts of Europe. Participants studied the great civilizations of ancient Greece and Rome and came to the conclusion that their own cultural achievements rivaled those of antiquity. Their thinking was also influenced by the concept of humanism, which emphasizes the worth of the individual. Renaissance humanists believed it was possible to improve human society through classical education.
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