Ap Euro (Renaissance) 14-1500's

Front 1

popolo grosso

Back 1

big people (nobles in Italy)

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Doge

Back 2

Venitian Ruler

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Guelfs

Back 3

Supported pope

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Ghibellines

Back 4

supported HRE

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Medici family

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Ruling family of venice

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Lorenzo the magnificent

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Medici ruler

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Visoti

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Milan Rulers

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Condotierri

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Mercenaries hired by Italian Rulers

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Sforza

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Condotierri that took over Milan to rule it.

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Quadrivium

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Astronomy
Geometry
Artithmitic
Music

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Trivium

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Grammar
Rhetorical
Dialectic

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Petrarch

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Avinnon humanist
the father of all humanists
wrote poems and climbed mountains for fun.
loved and wrote about love (Laura who died).

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Vomo Universale

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Renaissance man

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Niccolo Macheavelli

Back 14

Writer of "the Prince"

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Picco Mirandola

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"Dignity of Man"

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Groote

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Founder of the Brothers and Sisters of Common life.
Northern ren.

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Erasmus of Rotterdam

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Christian Humanist
Northern REn.
"Julius Exclusus" (Pope julius excluded from heaven)
"Eomium Moraie" (in praise of Folly)
"Handbook for the christian Soldier" (for everyday man)
"education of the Christian Prince" (used to help Charles V, HRE)

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Castiglione

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Renaissance man
Italy

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Copernicus

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Natural world humanist
Earth not center of universe.
Northern Ren.

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1453

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fall of constantinople
beginning of Renaissance.

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1454

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Treaty of Lodi for peace in Italy between Venice and Milan.
established balance of power.

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1492

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Reconquista - moors kicked out of granada.
Columbus sails ocean blue.

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1527

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Sacking of Rome by the unpaid soldiers of Pope Leo X
End of Renaissance

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Ludovico

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Milan Sforza ruler
brought french into Italy

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Savanarolla

Back 25

Anti-Renaissance mOnk
Ruler of Italy
Created Theocracy
nuance to secularization.

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Charles V (Charles I in spain)

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HRE drove the French Away from Italy
had hands full to deal with Reformation.
vast empire/fighting with pope and england.

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Charles VIII

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French King
Invaded Italy on Ludovico's invatation.

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Clemet VII

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Pope in Avinon of Great Schizm

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Boniface

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Pope
Unam Sanctum (church had full authority)
Babylonian Captivity

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Great Schism

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ended by Council of Constance (1414)
2 popes in Avinon and Rome

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Virtu

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Manliness and well-mannered

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Isotta Nogarola

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Woman Humanist- was criticized and hid.

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Pope Julius II

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Sistine Chapel
Warrior Pope
Alliance with Swiss

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Sir Thomas More

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Writer of "Utopia"
England and London (northern Renaissance)
Lord Chancellor to Henry VIII and was executed for not accepting the Act of supremacy

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Tudors

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Ruling family of England

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Henry VIII

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English King, divorced several times and became Protestant.
Married Brother's widow.
1461-1483.

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Law against Livery and Matinence

Back 37

Nobles couldn't have personal armies.
Ended war of Roses

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Valois

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Ruling family of France.

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Estates General

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Represented people but disbanded in France, giving the King more power.

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Argon

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Area of Spain

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Castile

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Other area of Spain

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Ferdinand of Argon

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Husband of Isabella of Castile.
Beginner of the INquisition (1469)

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Morriscos

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Christians of Moor Background

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Morranos

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Christians of Jewish Background

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Holy Roman Empire

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Germany in the Renaissance Times

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Habsburg family

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Family line of HRE and used Capitulations (Promises of land and power) to be re-elected.

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Archduke of Austria

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HRE, Habsburg

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Maximillain I

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HRE, Habsburg

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Jan Van Eyck

Back 49

Most realisit oil painter of the Northern Ren.

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Grunewald

Back 50

German Painter

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Giotto

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Revolutionary Medieval Painter
Realistic user of Bright colors.

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Raphael

Back 52

"School of Athens"
Italian Renaissance Painter.

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Buttechelli

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"Birth of Venus"
Italian Painter

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Druer

Back 54

Northern Renaissance artist
Greatest engraver of wood/metal

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Hans Holbein

Back 55

Portraits of Erasmus and Henry VIII

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Pieter Breugel

Back 56

Every day duch Artist

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Francis I

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French King
Invaded Italy and Brought art back to France.
Ended Pragmatic sanction (1438)
ended gallican Church (seperated by P.S.)

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Pragmatic Sanction of 1438

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French Appointed clergy
no annates
began gallican Church

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1516

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Alliance of pope and Francis I
Concadant of Bouulogne
annates restored

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Ximens

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Wrote side-notes of the bible in Latin, greek and Hebrew.
Computesian Polyglot
Church in Spain

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Maximillain I

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HRE, Habsburg

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Jacqueries

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100 year war revolt in France 1358.
became synonym for French Uprising

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Wat Tyler's Rebellion

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Leader of English Peasant revolt under King Richard II (1381)

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Hundred Years' War

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between France and England
JOan of Arc

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Boniface VIII

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Unam Sanctum
Everyone subject to Catholic Church

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Philip the Fair

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king of France during 100 Years War.

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William Langland

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"Piers Plowman"
Dream/visionary

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Lollards

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Followers of John Wycliff
Piety = religious power.

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Annates

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Payings of Bishops to the Pope.
Pragmatic sanction stopped
became gallican Church

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Council of Pisa

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council of Roman Catholic Church to end Schizm
failed and only elected another pope.

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Council of constance

Back 71

resolved WEstern Schizm

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Pragmatic Sanction of Bourges

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Charles VII issued (Of France) allowing himself to elect ecclesiastical offices and creating the Gallican Church.

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Black Death

Back 73

Bubonic Plague killed thousands and devastated the Economy, creating mass fear and panic and leading to a suspicion of the church.

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Lorenzo Valla

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Italian Humanist, educator and rhetorican.

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Titan

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Italian Artist

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Laura Cereta

Back 76

Female Humanist writer.

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League of Venice

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Alliance against Charles VIII of France to keep Italy from him.

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Scholasticism

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Law, Medicine and theology
popular in the north.

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Nicholas of Cusa

Back 79

Cardinal and great mind of scinece. Norhtern Ren.

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Paracelus

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great alchemist, astrologer and phisician. Northern Ren.

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Dr. Faustus

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Famous alchemist who made a deal with the devil that lead to his own doom.

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Breughel

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famous brother artists of the Northern renaissance.

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Reuchlin

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NOrthern Renaissance
teacher of Greek and Roman theory in the North.

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Michel Montaigne

Back 84

French Renaissance author

Front 85

wars of the Roses

Back 85

between Lancaster and York houses for the Throne of England.
Produced the English law against livery and matinence.

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Star Chamber

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delt with cases of treason in England.

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concordant of Bologna

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Between Francis I and pope Leo X
established annates and allowed king to pick his own clergy.

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Conciliar movement

Back 88

A movement that the power of the church rested in the people, not in the pope.

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Conquest of Granada

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Reconquista

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morriscos

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Muslim people that converted to be christian.

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Marranos

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Jewish people that converted to be Christian.

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Imperial Knights

Back 92

Free nobles of the HRE who had direct subordination to the emperor. lower nobility with less rights and political priveleges.