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148 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Humanism |
•rhetoric •revival of the classics •liberal arts •Petrarch |
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Renaissance |
rebirth change to modern times art humanism
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Individualism |
Ehsjs |
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Exploration |
Jdhdj |
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Italian Renaissance art and architecture |
•embraced the natural world •human emotions •shading •linear perspective •Classical architecture (domes Collums arches) •more secular |
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Peace of Augsburg |
The ruler of a land will determine the religion •if people didn't like it they could leave • not extended to Calvinism or Anabaptists |
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Marburg colloquy |
A meeting to solve a disputes between Zwingli and Martin Luther over transubstantiation •desired outcomes me was to unify Germany and Swiss Protestants •Phillip of hesse wanted this to happen •disagreement caused defense leagues to form |
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English civil war |
Roundheads vs cavaliers Charles I dissolved parliament Parliament had divided over religion parliament wins against King with Oliver Cromwell Petition of right happens earlier (no forced loans or taxes without parliament consent) •Charles is executed |
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Spanish Armada |
Sent to attack England by Phillip II (king of Spain) •130 ships •WANTED ENGLAND SO BAD •duke of Parma |
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Anabaptism |
Adult baptism •separatism •aka Amish |
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Lutheranism |
Luther •pro transubstantiation • Protestant reformation
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Jesuitism |
•crazy •extreme Calvinism •Catholic •ignatious Loyola •all tradition •transubstantiation |
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Anglicanism |
Henry VIII formed it •basically Catholic •book of common prayer •church of England • |
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Treaty of Westphalia |
Ends 30 years war Bc of so much hostility and death Everyone is just tired of fighting and wants it stop |
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The ninety five thesis |
Martin Luther 95 theses against selling of indulgences Start the Protestant reformation Mass produced |
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Defenestration of prague |
Right before the 30 years war bohemians revolt Ferdinand II sends Catholic rep to negotiate Protestant leaders throw them out the window |
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January edict |
Issued by Catherine de Medici •France •limited tolerance to Huguenots |
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German peasants revolt |
• at first Luther sympathized with them •revolted against land lords •Luther said they were "unchristian" -only equal spiritually •peasant reformers were put on stake and often burned |
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St bartholomews day massacre |
In France •Catherine de Medici weds daughter to Henry IV (Huguenot) •bourbon power now •guises are furious (Catholics) -massacred Huguenots |
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Edict of Nantes |
Huguenots get religious freedom Ends up being revoked |
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Marriage |
Couples knew each other Right to resist arranged marriages Utilitarian |
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Status of women |
Margaret of Parma •Cardinal Granvelle wants centralized Royal govt •William of Orange goes against Spanish The compromise- covenant to resist inquisition and Trent Spanish levied new taxes bc of their revolt Spanish armies attack |
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Catholicism |
Very traditional Many holidays
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Zwinglianism |
Similar to Lutheranism No need to do crazy things for Christ Transubstantiation is symbolic |
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Calvinism |
John Calvin Modest simple No traditions or ceremonies Predestination Individuals responsibility to reorganize society |
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Slavery |
Huge for sugar production Treated terribly Needed in Brazil and South America a lot Not as many in us at this time |
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The Colombian exchange |
•transfer of animals, plants, culture, human populations, technology and ideas between the American and Afro-Eurasian hemispheres |
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Seven years war |
Prussia and Britain vs Austria France and Russia •fought in North America •results of mercantilism British defeat the French |
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French invasions of Italy |
Ludivico il moro invites French into Italy for aid •this was so stupid •France invades Italy |
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Spanish colonialism |
Link between new world and Spain Few limitations Castilian monarch has council of nobles govn America *viceroys |
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The war of Jenkins ear |
•eventually needs reform during bourbons rule •trade rival art/smuggling •Spanish has coastal patrols •fight happens Robert Jenkins ear gets cut off •Britain goes to war with spain |
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Treaty of Utrecht |
From war of Spanish succession Female heir of Charles II becomes queen •throne passes to Phillip v •establishes boundaries •France and Spain can't unite |
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Mercantile empires |
Spain: mainland in S.A riled Florida Mexico California and southwest - govd Central America Cuba Puerto Rico Trinidad British : colonies along northAtlantic France: st Lawrence river valley, oh/MI River valleys -st Dominique, Guadeloupe, Martinique •stations in India Dutch: Surinam, cape colony •trade stations in west Africa Sri Lanka, benga in India -controlled Java trade |
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Mercantilism |
Govt regulated trade and commerce •for me to win you must lose |
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War of Spanish succession |
Charles II dies -no heir •closest relative is a female (becomes queen) •closest male is a Habsburg •Spain and France vs Britain *france kinda wins •throne is passed to Phillip V •no longer the habsburgs , it's the bourbons |
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Council of trent |
Council=embodiment of the counter reformation •want to condemn Protestantism |
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Protestant reformation |
Attempt to reform Catholic Church •Luther •caused by secularism, individualism •monarch v papal power Ideas spread through printing press |
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Counter reformation |
Anti Protestant •wanted to bring back Catholic tradition |
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English reformation |
King Henry VIII Forms Church of England Anglicanism (basically Catholic) |
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The Politique |
Care about the good of their country instead of personal benefit •Elizabeth I of England •Henry IV |
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Spanish ren. Economy |
Incoming wealth •rich got richer, poor got poorer •ton of debt •inflation •coinage |
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30 years war |
Between mainly the HRE (Spain, France, Swedish,) •went from religious to political conflict •4 stages •caused by Ferdinand II (forced Catholicism on bohemians Frederick II helps the bohemians |
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Edict of Nantes |
Freedom for Huguenots Later revoked |
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English bill of rights |
Passed by William and Mary Limited monarchy power Guaranteed civil liberties to privileged classes Monarchs have laws and must consent with parliament Prohibits Roman Catholics from holding throne |
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Mississippi bubble |
System where people invest To make bonds -they don't actually make money -France is broke |
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The strelsy |
Guards of Moscow garrison Russian Rebel against Peter the great They were suppressed |
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Dutch golden age |
Netherlands = a republic Economic prosperity Amazing agriculture Trade and finance Overseas commercial empire Advanced financial system Seaborne empire in east Asia Dutch East Indies company Toleration Calvinism is official religion |
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War of Austrian succession |
Frederick the great attacks Austria bc it is being run by Maria Teresa Wants to prove his dad wrong He got Silesia Broke the pragmatic sanction |
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Glorious revolution |
James II is king Appoints Catholics to high positions Suspends religous tests/worship -has a son (Catholic heir) •Protestants want William of Orange to invade -William of Orange and Mary become monarchs |
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Absolutism |
Complete power Give up rights to the monarch Hobbes leviathan Lou's XIV |
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Triple alliance of 1667 |
England, Sweden, United provinces unite in the war of devolution |
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Divine rught |
Right to rule by God Hand selected Justifies rule |
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Jansenism |
Extreme Catholics -Roman Catholic religous movement •resembled Calvinism • st Augustus • Louis XIV bans it Oppose theology political influences of Jesuits Oppose free will Original sin |
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Le Fronde |
French noble rebellions Nobles of robe vs nobles of the sword Bc if raised taxes 4 30 years |
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The time of troubles |
Death of Ivan the terrible In Russia b4 romanov Chaos |
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Junkers |
Little nobles Important to Prussia In charge of military |
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Intendants |
Collected taxes Govd nobles of the robe Given artist by richelieu Reinforce policies of kings locally Nobles answer to them |
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American Revolution |
Break away from Britain Declaration of Independence |
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Declaration of Independence |
Thomas jefferson |
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Le Fronde |
French noble rebellions Nobles of robe vs nobles of the sword Bc if raised taxes 4 30 years |
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The time of troubles |
Death of Ivan the terrible In Russia b4 romanov Chaos |
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Junkers |
Little nobles Important to Prussia In charge of military |
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Intendants |
Collected taxes Govd nobles of the robe Given artist by richelieu Reinforce policies of kings locally Nobles answer to them |
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American Revolution |
Break away from Britain Declaration of Independence American victory
Peace of Paris British recognition of the independence of the United States of America End of the First British Empire Shattering of the Iroquois Confederacy |
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Declaration of Independence |
Thomas jefferson Thirteen colonies declare independence from Britain |
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us constitution |
Bicameral congress Separation of powers Ultimate law |
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Heliocentric |
Planets revolve around sun |
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Geocentric |
Planets revolve around planets |
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Scholasticism |
Nothing new to learn Wouldn't teach science |
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Enlightened despotism |
Absolutist monarchs invest in science Done for mercantilism Some embrace tolerance and abolish serfdom/torture NO ELECTIONS OR CONSTITUTUOONS |
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Withcraft |
Biggest source of death for women during scientific revolution |
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Tabula rasa |
Clean slate John locke |
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Old regime |
France before the revolution |
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Liberal phase |
Want change |
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Radical phase |
Crazy ideas of change |
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Conservative phase |
Want tradtion |
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Bill of rights |
protections of individual liberty and justice and place restrictions on the powers of government. |
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Civil constitution of the clergy |
Church under the state |
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October days |
Parisian women March to Versailles Demand bread |
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Magma carta |
Limits monarch power |
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Deism |
God is the clock maker Fate is in our own hands |
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Change in literacy |
Almost everyone is reading Books read by all (read enlightenment thinkers) People can gain information |
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Philosophes |
Believed humans can progress |
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Views of human nature |
Inherently bad / Rousseau says good |
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Scientific societies |
Where scientist learn Not at university because of scholasticism |
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Women in science |
Involved but no credit If a woman is a scientist she must be a witch Not considered smart enough Husbands took credit |
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Women and the enlightenment |
Very important Salons Places of freedom Interested in philosophy works |
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us constitution |
Bicameral congress Separation of powers Ultimate law |
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Heliocentric |
Planets revolve around sun |
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Geocentric |
Planets revolve around planets |
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Scholasticism |
Nothing new to learn Wouldn't teach science |
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Enlightened despotism |
Absolutist monarchs invest in science Done for mercantilism Some embrace tolerance and abolish serfdom/torture NO ELECTIONS OR CONSTITUTUOONS |
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Withcraft |
Biggest source of death for women during scientific revolution |
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Tabula rasa |
Clean slate John locke |
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Old regime |
France before the revolution |
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Liberal phase |
Want change |
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Radical phase |
Crazy ideas of change |
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Conservative phase |
Want tradtion |
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Bill of rights |
protections of individual liberty and justice and place restrictions on the powers of government. |
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Civil constitution of the clergy |
Church under the state |
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October days |
Parisian women March to Versailles Demand bread |
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Reign of terror |
Actions to protect the revolution and silence dissent |
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Dechristianization |
Get rid of cstholicism |
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Napoleonic wars |
Austerlitz= Napoleon becomes king of northern Italy Armies are citizens armies |
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Napoleonic code |
Dismantle the old regime Spread the revolution Cement the revolution in society |
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Estates general |
French govt Louis XVI calls him Hadn't been called in 200 years |
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Active citizens |
Pays three days worth of taxes so they can vote |
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Passive citizens |
Passive can't vote |
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Magma carta |
Limits monarch power |
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Deism |
God is the clock maker Fate is in our own hands |
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Change in literacy |
Almost everyone is reading Books read by all (read enlightenment thinkers) People can gain information |
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Philosophes |
Believed humans can progress |
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Views of human nature |
Inherently bad / Rousseau says good |
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Scientific societies |
Where scientist learn Not at university because of scholasticism |
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Women in science |
Involved but no credit If a woman is a scientist she must be a witch Not considered smart enough Husbands took credit |
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Women and the enlightenment |
Very important Salons Places of freedom Interested in philosophy works |
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us constitution |
Bicameral congress Separation of powers Ultimate law |
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Heliocentric |
Planets revolve around sun |
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Geocentric |
Planets revolve around planets |
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Scholasticism |
Nothing new to learn Wouldn't teach science |
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Enlightened despotism |
Absolutist monarchs invest in science Done for mercantilism Some embrace tolerance and abolish serfdom/torture NO ELECTIONS OR CONSTITUTUOONS |
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Withcraft |
Biggest source of death for women during scientific revolution |
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Tabula rasa |
Clean slate John locke |
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Old regime |
France before the revolution |
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Liberal phase |
Want change |
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Radical phase |
Crazy ideas of change |
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Conservative phase |
Want tradtion |
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Bill of rights |
protections of individual liberty and justice and place restrictions on the powers of government. |
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Civil constitution of the clergy |
Church under the state |
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October days |
Parisian women March to Versailles Demand bread |
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Reign of terror |
Actions to protect the revolution and silence dissent |
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Dechristianization |
Get rid of cstholicism |
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Napoleonic wars |
Austerlitz= Napoleon becomes king of northern Italy Armies are citizens armies |
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Napoleonic code |
Dismantle the old regime Spread the revolution Cement the revolution in society |
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Estates general |
French govt Louis XVI calls him Hadn't been called in 200 years |
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Active citizens |
Pays three days worth of taxes so they can vote |
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Passive citizens |
Passive can't vote |
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Jacobins |
Club from the third estate Want a republic Anti monarch Radicals Girondists led the assembly Sans culottes |
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Magma carta |
Limits monarch power |
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Thermidorian reaction |
White terror Response to revolution Executed those involved |
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Tennis court oath |
National Assembly won't stop meeting until they write a constitution |
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Deism |
God is the clock maker Fate is in our own hands |
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Change in literacy |
Almost everyone is reading Books read by all (read enlightenment thinkers) People can gain information |
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Philosophes |
Believed humans can progress |
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Views of human nature |
Inherently bad / Rousseau says good |
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Scientific societies |
Where scientist learn Not at university because of scholasticism |
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Women in science |
Involved but no credit If a woman is a scientist she must be a witch Not considered smart enough Husbands took credit |
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Women and the enlightenment |
Very important Salons Places of freedom Interested in philosophy works |
