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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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"dole"
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unemployment insurance benefit payments
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Trades Disputes Act of 1927
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British; declared all general/sympathy strikes illegal & banned unions from raising money for political purposes
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Labour party
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one of 2 great parties in Britain after election of 1922
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Ramsay MacDonald
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Labour party prime minister 1924 & 1929
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Red (Zinoviev) Letter
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supposedly secret instructions from Comintern encouraging British Labour groups to provoke Communist uprising
- exploited by Conservatives to gain support in elections |
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National government
(hint: Britain) |
all-party coaltion cabinet formed by MacDonald
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Palestine
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British mandate after fall of Ottoman empire
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Republic of Ireland
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broke off all ties with British Commonwealth in 1949
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Statute of Westminster of 1931
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defined "dominion" status as legally equal with each other and Britain
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Radical Socialists
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not really radical or socialism
- led by Eduoard Herriot; defended individual liberties & very anticlerical; wanted to preserve private enterprise/property |
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Action Francaise
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extreme Right royalist antirepublican organization in France
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Raymond Poincare
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moderate right conservative; eventually stabilized franc (tho 1/5 prewar value) by sending troops to Ruhr in 1923 when Germans didn't pay, creating new/stricter taxes, & cutting down gov expenses
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Serge Alexandre Stavinsky
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- convinced authorities @ Bayonne to launch worthless bonds-- fled when faced w/ exposure
- right-wing political agitators/press spread rumors that Stavistky had been shot by police to prevent inolvement of high-ranking politicans --> ppl start accusing French gov of involvement in financial scandal; led to riots of Feb. 1934 |
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Popular Front
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Radical Socialist, Socialist, & Communist political coalition against facism
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Leon Blum
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democratic/reformist socialist; became premier of Popular Front
- introduced French New Deal (40 hr work week; nationalizing Bank of France/arms/industry, fixing wheat prices, etc) - ministry overthrown by Senate in 1937 |
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"sit-down strikes"
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where striking workers refuse to leave their factories/shops until reforms
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Spanish Civil War (1936-1939)
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most devastating war in Spanish history b/t Falangists/insurgents (backed by Italy & Germany) & republican gov; killed 600,000 ppl
- insurgents led by General Francisco Franco won & est. authoritarian, Falangist-like regime |
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fascism
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- dictatorial rule/totalitarian regime
- state strictly controls thru censorship/force - gov manages economic affairs - appealed to wealthy/est. classes b/c promised to protect existing social classes/private property - claimed to have cured class conflict under strong leader - very nationalistic |
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Benito Mussolini
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- seized control of Italian gov in 1921 & proclaimed Fascist regime
- took on title Duce (the leader) |
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"March on Rome"
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Oct. 1922 - when Fascists mobilized & poured into Rome
- caused cabinet to resign & allowing Mussolini to come to power/gain full-emergency powers to restore order/reform in Italy |
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squadristi
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Fascist squadrons
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Matteotti
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highly respected Socialist; murdered by Fascists after publicly pointing out their abuses
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Lateran accord of 1929
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peace b/t Mussolini & papacy recognizing independence/sovereignty of Vatican City
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corporative state
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introduced by Mussolini
- gov decisive role - divided all economic life into 22 major areas (corporations) |
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Chamber of Fasces and Corporations
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superceded older Chamber of Deputes; represented corporations & Fascists
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Adolf Hitler (1889-1945)
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Austrian-born German dictator
- bitter family background, extremely race conscious, nationalistic & anti-semitic - rose to power thru economic ruin of Great Depression; scapegoated Jews & called for new reich under a strong Fuhrer & Nazi party - became chancellor in 1933 & later got dictatorial powers |
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Third Reich
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according to Hitler, supposed to last 1000 yrs & carry on true German history...didn't.
1st: HRE 2nd: Bismarck's which ended w/ WWI in 1918 |
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Anti-Semitism
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discrimination against Jews
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Nuremberg laws of 1935
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Jews: no citizenship rights, no intermarriages
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Kristallnacht (11/9/1938)
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"night of broke glass" - when anti-Semitic Nazi violence broke out, destroying Jewish shops/homes/synagogues after assassination of a German diplomat by a Polish Jew
- Nazi gov. levied 1 bil mark fine on Jewish community for "provoking" attack |
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Gestapo
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German secret political police
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National Labor Front
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replaced labor unions in Third Reich
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General Francisco Franco
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est. right-wing authoritarian gov in Spain after bloody civil war
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National Socialist German Workers' Party
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Nazis (Brownshirts)
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"beer hall putsch'
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staged by Nazis in Munich in 1923; suppressed by police; Hitler sentenced to prison (tho released within a yr)
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Mein Kampf
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"My Struggles"; Hitler's racist, anti-Semitic, nationalistic views written from prison
- made Hitler a prominant political figure in Germany |
