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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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2nd Industrial Revolution
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Last part of 19th Century
Steel production Oil Electricity Chemicals (ROSE) |
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Edwin Chatwick
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most important reformer of living conditions in cities
Public Health Movement |
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Public Health Movement
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saw disease and death as CAUSES of poverty
influenced by Bentham's utilitarianism Edwin Chatwick |
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Georges von Haussmann
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ubran planning, public transportation
redeveloped Paris: bigger blvds (prevent barricades) better middle-class housing on city, demolition of slums, creation of parks, open spaces, aqueducts |
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Louis Pasteur
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(1822-1895)
Germ theory pasteurization: fermentation caused by growth of living organisms suppressed by heating beverage |
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Dmitri Mendeleev
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1834-1907
devised Periodic Table, rules of chemistry |
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Michael Faraday
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1791-1867
first dynamo (electric generator) 1830s discovers in electromagnetism |
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August Comte
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1798-1857
father of sociology positivism: all intellectual activity progresses through predictable stages |
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positivism
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August Comte
all intellectual activity progresses through predictable stages humans can discover eternal laws of human relations society can be regulated for benefit of all |
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Thomas Huxley
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Dawin's Bulldog, biggest supporter
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Sigmund Freud
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1856-1936
psychoanalysis: hysteria resulted from repressed childhood feelings deal with iht with hypnosis, free association humans irrational creatures (anti-Enlightenment) ID (subconcious) not subject to reason sexuality is key driving force |
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Darwin
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1859: "Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection"
Theory of Eveolution |
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Darwin
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1859: "Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection"
Theory of Eveolution |
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Herbert Spencer
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social dawinism
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social darwinism
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Herbert Spencer
middle class support, industrialist support |
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Marie Curie
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1867-1934: discovered first radioactive element in 1934: radium, with help from Pierre (husband)
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Einstein
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(1879-1955)
1905: Theory of Relativity of time and space time and space RELATIVE to observer: only speed of light is constant: no absolute truth |
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Realism
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Belief that literature and art should depict life as it really was
something of reaction to failed revolutions of 1848, loss of idealism, romanticism Honore de Balzac |
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Honore de Balzac
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1799-1859
"Human Comedy" depicts urban society as grasping, amoral, brutal society by Darwinian struggle for health |
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Gustave Flaubert
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(1821-1850)
"Madame Bovary" privincial middle-class as petty, smub, hypocritical |
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Emile Zola
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(1840-1902)
"Germinal" showed hard life of young miners in southern France portayed seemy, animalistic view of working class |
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Emile Zola
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(1840-1902)
"Germinal" showed hard life of young miners in southern France portayed seemy, animalistic view of working class |
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George Eliot
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Mary Ann Evans
1819-1880 examined ways that people are shaped by their class as well as inner starvings, conflict, moral choices |
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Thomas Hardy
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1840-1925
"Tess of the d'Urbervilles" portrayed woman who was ostracized for having premarital sex |
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Leo Tolstoy
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1828-1910
greatest Russian realist Fatalistic view of history: BUT regarded lvoe, trrust, fmily as life's enduring values "War and PEace" story of Russian society during Napolonic Wars |
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Henrik Ibsen
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1828-1906
father of modern drama: "A Doll's House" conditions o life and issues of morality: at odds with Victorian views |
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"the Gleaners"
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realist painting by Francois Millet of women picking food from fields
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Edgar Degas
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"Laundry Girls Ironing"
realist painting |
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Eduard Manet
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first modernist painter
bridged realism to impressionism shocking portayal of female nudes Luncheon on the Grass" Park setting, female nude "Olympia" casual nude portrayal of prostitute |
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Impressionism
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began with Manet in France
impact of photography: painters could not be THAT accurate, instead tried to capture momentary overall feeling or impression of light falling on a scene before their eyes focused on landscapes, paintings completed quickly, brushstrokes visible, oil paints in tubes made outdoor painting possible |
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Claude Monet
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"Impression Sunrise"
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Cubism
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zigzagging lines, overlapping planes, nonrepresentational art
post impressionism started by Picasso |
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Expressionism
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1910: ultimate form of abstact
Russian Wassily Kandinsky Composition VII no nature: non figural paintings colors express emotion and symbolism, not recognizable form |
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Composition VII
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Wassily Kandinsky
expressionist painting completely torn from nature: non figural painting |
