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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Conservatism
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appealed to upper classes and peasants wwho were frightened by the violence and terror of French Revolution
Bourgeoisie posed biggest threat to conservatism Burke's "Reflections" most famous defense of conservatism |
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Carlsbad Diet
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1819 Metternich calls together this
Carlsbad Decree: materials that advocated unification were censored Liberals driven underground |
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Decembrist Umprising
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Jnior military officers of Russia wanted constitutional government, prevent Nick from taking power
Crushed |
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Liberalism
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first major theory in Western thought, saw individual as self sufficient, freedom and well being sole reason for existence in society
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Nationalism
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cultural self unity, government
common beliefs caused by comon language, history, etc French Rev, Napoleonic Wars |
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Greek Revolution
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1821-1829
Enland, France, Russia join greeks to defeat Egyptian, Ottoman forces (because of religion) |
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Louis Philippe
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Bourgeoisie king of France, led them in July Revolution of 1830
Led constitutional monarchy: Orleans family France now controlled by bourgeosis bankers/businessmen |
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Tories
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Liberal English political faction
Reform minded |
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Whig
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Egnlish political group
Earl Grey is one |
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Corn Laws
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repealed in 1846
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Anti-Corn Law League
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formed by Richard Cobden and John Bright and argued for lower food prices
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Revolutions of 1848
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Only Brits, Russians avoided upheavals
Neither conservatives nor liberals gained final upper hand End of serfdom in Austriia and Germany, universal male suffrage in France Parliaments in some German sstates, unification movement in ITaly |
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Second French Republic
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led by Lamartine (liberal allied bourgeosise)
Emerged from February Revolution in France Louis Blanc socialist leader demanded work for unemployed national workshops craeted other reforms |
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Magyar
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Led by Louis Kossuth
Hungarians |
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Frakfurt Parliament
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Liberals, nationalist, romantic leaders meet in 1848 and call for elections
Bund to unify for a Constitutional monarchy, Prussian king as king fails |
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Romanticism
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emphasis on human emotion, senses, faith
rejected Enlightenment view of nature as prcise harmonious whole Rejected Deism Encouraged personal freedom |
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Sturm and Drang
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storm and stress
Used by German romantics to communicate emotional intensity |
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Hegel
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(and Whilhem?)
German idealist Dialectic: thessis, antithesis, synthesis |
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Wordsworth
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"Tinturn Abbey"
Romantic poet from England |
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Lord Byron
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"Don Juan"
"She Walks in Beauty..." Fought in Italy against Austria for Carbonari Died fighting in war for Greek independence |
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Victor Hugo
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Hunchback of Notre Dame
Les Miserables Romanticism through strange settings, human emotions |
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Eugene Delacroix
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"Liberty Leading the People" (in French Revolution)
Viva la Vida Romantic artists |
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Beethoven
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bridge between classical and romantic music
human voices in symphony (ode to joy) first composers not limited by patronage inner human emotion in music |
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Franz Liszt
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native Hungarian musician
Hungaian Rhapsody Piano virtuoso (greatest) in mid 19th Century symphonic poem: single movement |
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Socialism
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desire for new sense of community
increasing misery of working class republicanism: capitalism, promote selfishness, social fragmentation no broad support for social justice until 19th Century |
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Charler Fourier
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argued for planned economy and socialist communes
described socialist utopia in mathematical detail supported emancipation of women |
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Friedrich Engles
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helped develop Marxism
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Karl Marx
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Marxism
Communist Mannifesto: socialist bible Replace utopian hopes with militant blueprint for working class success by dialectical materialism |
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COmmunist Manifesto
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By Karl Marx
Socialist Bible Dialectical Materialism |