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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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"Time of Troubles"
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Period of anarchy and civil war after the reign of Ivan of the Terrible
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Michael Romanov
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17-year-old tsar elected by an assembly of nobles in 1613; along with his successors Aleksei and Theodore II, brouhgt stability and centralization to Russia
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Boyars (nibolity)
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Old nobility who controlled the bureaucracy
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Streltsy (nobility)
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Guards of the Moscow garrison
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Peter the Great
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He was: co-ruler at 10 years old with sickly half-brother Ivan and sister/regent Sophia
He wanted to: protect the power of the tsar from the nobility and increase Russia's military power He did: visit western Europe in bad disguise to learn languages and commerical and military skills; returned to Russia to copy what he had seen abroad |
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Taming the streltsy and boyars
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1. Suppressed a streltsy rebellion by means of torture and public execution
2. Increased the number of soldiers in the army (by a lot) 3. Made the boyars look less ridiculous 4. Stopped granting boyar status to new people 5. Made major decisions without consulting the boyars Failing to dominate them completely, Peter settled for balancing one group against another |
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Great Northern War (Russia/Sweden)
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Sweden monopolizes control of the Baltic; Peter begins a drive against the Swedish to gain warm water ports
Sweden wins briefly: Charles XII (who might have been insane) defeats the Russians at the Battle of Narva Russia wins ultimately: defeats the Swedes at the Battle of Poltava |
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Peace of Nystand
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Ends the Great Northern War; confirms the Russian conquest of Estonia, Livonia, and part of Finland; Russia's victory allows it to gain ice-free ports and influence on European affairs
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St. Petersburg
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Symbol of Peter's autocracy and rejectionof Russian tradition; used western European archutecture
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Senate
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9 members appointed to rule in place of the tsar while the tsar was away with the army
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Senate (purposes)
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1. To establish a bureaucratic structure that could suppport a military establishment
2. To represent the authority of the tsar to the nobility |
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Alexsei
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Peter the Great's son; center of a conspiracy; died under "mysterious circumstances"
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Colleges
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Bureaus of serveral people following written instructions, created to manage tax collection, foreign relations, wars and economic affairs (balanced the influence of the Senate)
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Table of Ranks
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Made the social standing of boyars a function of their willingness to serve the state: equated social position with tank in the bureaucracy or military
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Russian Orthodox Church (problems thereof)
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Patriarch Nikon initiates reforms; the Old Believes form a strong traditionalist opposition; Peter begins to appoint his own bishops (mostly Ukranians) who themselves oppose secular control of the church
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Peter's church reforms
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Abolished the position of patriarch (head bishop) and replaced it with the Holy Synod (several bishops headed by a layman called the procurator general) which wuld govern the church according to the tsar's wishes
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