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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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stratum
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rock layer
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stratified
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prokaryotes
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bacteria; single cell, no cell nucleus, use RNA; ancient and modern = 2 of 3 domains of life
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pro + karyo =
before + nucleus |
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eukaryote
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"true" cells; have cell nucleus and organelles, use DNA; third domain of life
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eu + karyo =
true + nucleus |
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lithosphere
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upper (solid) crust of earth
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litho = stone
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mesozoic
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age of dinosaurs; 225 to 65 million years ago
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meso = middle
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mantle
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inside earth's crust; solid or plastic; mostlyiron, Mg, Al, SiO
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Pangaea
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supercontinent; broke up 200 million years ago
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plate tectonics
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theory that continents can move on plates
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plate boundaries
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transform (sliding);
divergent (moving apart); convergent (moving together) |
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divergent plates (examples)
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Mid Atlantic Ridge, Pacific Rise
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convergent plates (examples)
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Andes/Rockies;
Hawaii; Himalayas |
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transform plates (examples)
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San Andreas Fault
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subduction
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(plate tectonics) when one plate goes under another
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sub = under
duct = lead, pull |
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seismic waves
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S = upper crust only
P = deeper waves |
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volcanic gases
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steam
CO2, HCl SO2 --> acid rain |
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elements in earths crust
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O, S, Al, Fe
Ca, Na, K, Mg |
Osalfe...
next four also common in seawater |
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cinder cone
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most common volcanic type; central vent; small
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composite/strato volcanos
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big (1.5 miles); along subduction zones; lava domes; deadly pyroclastic flow; Pinatubo, Fuji, Vesuvius, St. Helen
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Spatter Cones
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highly fluid magma; Hawaii
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Shield Volcanos
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very large, runny lava; hotspots not on plate edges; mid ocean ridges; Hawaii
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Mt. St. Helen
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Washington State; erupted 1980; destroyed environment; killed 57 people
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Mt. Pinatubo
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Phillipines; composite volcano; 1991 erupted 9 hours, cubic mile of debris; SO2 largest release ever recoreded; caused 2 degree cooling (F)
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Soil - sand
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lage particles, water drains; doesn't hold nutrients
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Soil - silt
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small particles, holds water
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Soil - clay
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tiny particles, clumps, holds nutrients
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loam
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best soil = mixture of sand, silt, clay and organic matter
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soil horizons
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O - organic
A - topsoil E - exit nutrients B - subsoil C - parent material |
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erosion types
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sheet
rill = small channels gully = big channels |
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igneous rock
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granite, basalt, quartz
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sedimentary rock
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sandstone, limestone, shale; has fossils
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