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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Aphorism
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A terse statement of known authorship which expresses a general truth or moral principle.
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Didactic
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Words that have the primary aim of teaching or instructing, especially the teaching of moral or ethical principles
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Invective
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An emotionally violent, verbal denunciation or attack using strong, abusive language.
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Loose Sentence
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A type of sentence in which the main idea comes first, followed by dependent grammatical units such as phrases and clauses.
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Anaphora
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A sub-type of parallelism where the exact repetition of words or phrases are at the beginning of successive lines of sentences.
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Pedantic
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An adjective that describes words, phrases, or a general tone that is overly scholarly or "show-offy".
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Periodic Sentence
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A sentence that presents the main idea in a main clause at the end. It is preceded by a phrase or clause that cannot stand alone.
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Subordinate Clause
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Contains a subject and verb, but cannot stand alone and does not express a complete thought.
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Syllogism
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A deductive system of formal logic that presents two premises that inevitably lead to a conclusion.
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Satire
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A work that targets human vices and follies or social institutions and conventions for reform or ridicule.
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Allegory
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The device of using character and/or story elements to represent an abstraction in addition to the literal meaning.
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Analogy
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A similarity or comparison between two different things or the relationship between them.
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Ambiguity
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The multiple meanings, either intentional or unintentional, of a word, phrase, sentence, or passage.
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Caricature
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A verbal description, the purpose of which is to exaggerate or distort, for comic effect, a person's distinctive features.
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Euphemism
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A more agreeable or less offensive substitute for a generally unpleasant word or concept.
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Hyperbole
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A figure of speech using deliberate exaggeration or overstatement. They produce irony.
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Denotation
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The strict, literal, dictionary definition of a word, devoid of any emotion, attitude or color.
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Metonymy
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A figure of speech in which the name of one object is substituted for that of one closely related to it.
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Parody
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A work that closely imitates the style or content of another with the specific aim of comic effect and/or ridicule.
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Wit
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Intellectually amusing language that surprises of delights. It is humorous while suggesting the speaker's verbal power.
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Non Sequitur
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A conclusion that does not follow logically from the explanation given for it.
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Sliding Down a Slippery Slope
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A conclusion that one step will inevitably lead to an undesirable end.
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Presenting a False Dilemma
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A speaker poses a choice between two alternatives but overlooks other possibilities or implies that no other possibilities exist.
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Opposing a Straw Man
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To exaggerate the views of their opponents or to only respond to an extreme view that does not adequately represent their argument.
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Jumping to Conclusions
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The conclusion in question has not been supported by an adequate amount of evidence.
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Equivocating
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Using vague or ambiguous language to mislead an audience, often taking the form of using one word in two senses without acknowledging the change in meaning.
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Circular Reasoning
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An argument that goes around in a circle, coming up with a conclusion that is similar to the premise.
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Ad hominem Argument
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An argument that makes personal attacks on opponents, but ignores what they have to say.
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Post hoc Reasoning
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Assuming that an event is the result of something that merely occurred before it. Also called false causation.
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Arguing by Pity
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An argument that just appeals to the emotions invoked by whatever they are arguing for.
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