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17 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
comparative politics
The study and comparison of domestic politics across countries.
institution
An organization or activity that is self-perpetuating and valued for its own sake.
politics
The struggle in any group for power that will give one or more persons the ability to make decisions for the larger group.
comparative method
The means by which social scientists make comparisons across cases.
inductive reasoning
Research that works from case studies in order to generate hypotheses.
deductive reasoning
Research that works from a hypothesis that is then tested against data.
correlation
An apparent relationship between two or more variables.
selection bias
A focus on effects rather than causes, which can lead to inaccurate conclusions about correlation or causation.
endogeneity
The problem that distinguishing cause and effect is not always easy; variables may act both as causes and as effects in relationship to one another.
modernization theory
A theory which held that as societies developed, they would take on a set of common characteristics, including democracy and capitalism.
behavioral revolution
A movement within political science during the 1950s and 1960s to develop general theories about individual political behavior that could be applied across all countries.
qualitative method
Gathering and analysis of data through an in-depth investigation of a limited number of cases.
quantitative method
Gathering and analysis of statistical data from many countries, to look for correlations and test hypotheses.
rational choice
Approach that assumes that individuals weigh the costs and benefits in order to make choices that maximize their benefits.
game theory
An approach that emphasizes how actors or organizations behave in their goal to influence others. Built upon the assumptions of the rational choice model.
freedom
The ability of an individual to act independently, without fear of restriction or punishment by the state or other individuals or groups in society.
equality
A shared material standard of individuals within a community, society, or country.